Title: Difference in the efficiency of heavy puck and light puck training in midget male ice hockey players Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to compare the training efficiency of heavy and light puck forehand shooting in groups with different skill levels with focus on short- hand shooting, long-hand shooting and wrist-shooting in midget male ice hockey players. Methods: Intervention experiment method was used to perform this work, in which two tested groups were compared by ANOVA analysis. The significance of change was determined by Cohen's d parameter. The two tested groups consisted of 16 midget male ice hockey players of SK Černošice ice hockey club. The study consists of three measurements of shot speed, shot accuracy and handgrip strength measured before and after the first six-week training cycle and at the end of second six-week training cycle. The shooting training was performed by long swing, short swing and wrist-shot technique using heavy-weight and light-weight pucks. These pucks were used in specific shooting training drills. Results: Skill-wise technically better equipped players (starting with heavy weight puck program) reported bigger improvement in long swing, short swing and wrist- shot shot speed and accuracy after heavy-weight puck training program than after light-weight...

Immer mehr Eltern wollen zur Sicherung ihres Lebensstandards auch in den ersten Lebensjahren ihrer Kinder in Vollzeit berufstätig werden. Deshalb nimmt der Aufenthalt in Kindertageseinrichtungen und Schulen einen Großteil des Tages ein. Bereits seit 1996 besteht für jedes Kind im Alter vom vollendeten dritten Lebensjahr bis zum Beginn der Grundschule ein Rechtsanspruch auf einen Platz in einer Kindertagesstätte. Seit August 2013 beginnt dieser Anspruch bereits mit dem vollendeten ersten Lebensjahr. (vgl. Textor, 2010) Die Anzahl der ganztägig geöffneten Kindertageseinrichtungen nimmt stetig zu und immer mehr Schulen bieten Nachmittagsbetreuung an bzw. wandeln sich in Ganztagsschulen um. Aufgrund der steigenden Inanspruchnahme der Angebote der Kindertagesstätten rückt die Familienbetreuung immer weiter in den Hintergrund. (vgl. Textor, 2010) Somit gewinnt jedoch die Frage nach der richtigen Betreuungsmöglichkeit für das eigene Kind immer mehr an Bedeutung. Hierbei reicht das vielfältige Angebot von den reformpädagogischen Ansätzen Friedrich Fröbels, Maria Montessoris oder Rudolf Steiners bis hin zu den modernen Ansätzen wie der offene Kindergarten, der Situationsansatz oder die Reggio-Pädagogik. (vgl. Knauf, 2010, S. 222 & 228) Dadurch wird die Entscheidung, welcher Ansatz für das eigene Kind und dessen optimalen Entwicklung auch für die spätere berufliche Zukunft am sinnvollsten ist, erschwert. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit soll versucht werden, einen Ansatz zur einfacheren Entscheidung zu geben. In dem eine Gegenüberstellung der Montessori-Pädagogik, Waldorf-Pädagogik, Reggio-Pädagogik und dem Situationsansatz im Kindergartenalter auf ausgewählte Kompetenzen vorgenommen wird. Dazu zählen die naturwissenschaftliche Kompetenz sowie das Hörverstehen auf Satz- und Wortebene. Signifikante Unterschiede der dargestellten Konzepte und Kompetenzen sollen mittels Varianzanalyse identifiziert werden.:1 Einleitung 2 Nationales Bildungspanel NEPS 3 Pädagogische Ansätze 3.1 Montessori-Pädagogik 3.2 Waldorf-Pädagogik 3.3 Situationsansatz 3.4 Reggio-Pädagogik 3.5 Relevanz in Deutschland 4 Kompetenzen 4.1 Allgemeine Informationen zu den Kompetenztests des NEPS 4.2 Naturwissenschaftliche und sprachliche Kompetenz der Startkohorte 2 4.2.1 Naturwissenschaftliche Kompetenz 4.2.2 Sprachkompetenz 5 Datenanalyse 5.1 Varianzanalyse (ANOVA) 5.2 Datenaufbereitung 5.3 Hypothesen 5.4 Praktische Durchführung 5.5 Auswertung 6 Schlussbetrachtung Literatur / The comparison of the Montessori pedagogy, the Waldorf pedagogy, the Reggio pedagogy and the situational approach at kindergarten age on scientific competence, listening comprehension at sentence level and word level as well as procedurale metacognition. Identification of significant connections between the concepts and selected competencies.:1 Einleitung 2 Nationales Bildungspanel NEPS 3 Pädagogische Ansätze 3.1 Montessori-Pädagogik 3.2 Waldorf-Pädagogik 3.3 Situationsansatz 3.4 Reggio-Pädagogik 3.5 Relevanz in Deutschland 4 Kompetenzen 4.1 Allgemeine Informationen zu den Kompetenztests des NEPS 4.2 Naturwissenschaftliche und sprachliche Kompetenz der Startkohorte 2 4.2.1 Naturwissenschaftliche Kompetenz 4.2.2 Sprachkompetenz 5 Datenanalyse 5.1 Varianzanalyse (ANOVA) 5.2 Datenaufbereitung 5.3 Hypothesen 5.4 Praktische Durchführung 5.5 Auswertung 6 Schlussbetrachtung Literatur

This article investigates the effectiveness of bathroom print ads. Using liquor as the product domain, field study data (n = 146) indicate a high level of ad (60%) and product category (80%) recall. Contrary to the literature and the researchers' hypothesis, respondents had a significantly higher level of recall for copy dominant than for visual dominant ads. Hypotheses suggesting that color advertisements would outperform non-color advertisements and interactions between ages and visual-based versus copy-based stimuli and gender and visual-based versus copy-based stimuliwere not supported by the data. The implications for practitioners of the effectiveness of copy rich ads and suggested directions for future research are discussed.

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evaluate disruption risks in the supply chain of petroleum production. This methodology is developed to formalise and facilitate the systematic integration and implementation of various models; such as analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) and various statistical tests. The methodology is validated with the case of Nigeria’s oil industry. The study revealed the need to provide a responsive approach to managing the influence of geopolitical risk factors affecting supply chain in the petroleum production industry. However, the exploration and production risk, and geopolitical risk were identified as concomitant risk factors that impact performance in Nigeria’s oil industry. The research findings show that behavioural-based mechanisms successfully predict the ability of the petroleum industry to manage supply chain risks. The significant implication for this study is that the current theoretical debate on the supply chain risk management creates the understanding of agency theory as a governing mechanism for supply chain risk in the Nigerian oil industry. The systematic approach results provide an insight and objective information for decisions-making in resolving disruption risk to the petroleum supply chain in Nigeria. Furthermore, this study highlights to stakeholders on how to develop supply chain risk management strategies for mitigating and building resilience in the supply chain in the Nigerian oil industry. The developed systematic method is associated with supply chain risk management and performance measure. The approach facilitates an effective way for the stakeholders to plan according to their risk mitigation strategies. This will consistently help the stakeholders to evaluate supply chain risk and respond to disruptions in supply chain. This capability will allow for efficient management of supply chain and provide the organization with quicker response to customer needs, continuity of supply, lower costs of operations and improve return on investment in the Nigeria oil industry. Therefore, the methodology applied provide a new way for implementing good practice for managing disruption risk in supply chain. Further, the systematic approach provides a simplistic modelling process for disruption risk evaluation for researchers and oil industry professionals. This approach would develop a holistic procedure for monitoring and controlling disruption risk in supply chains practices in Nigeria.

<p dir="ltr">One of the issues on social media that is expanding the fastest is children being exposed to predators online [ 1 ]. Due to the ease with which a larger segment of the younger population may now access the Internet, online grooming activity on social media has grown to be a significant social concern. Child grooming, in which adults and minors exchange sexually explicit text and media via social media platforms, is a typical component of online child exploitation. An estimated 500,000 predators operate online every day. According to estimates, Internet chat rooms and instant messaging are where 89% of sexual approaches against children take place. The child may face a variety of unpleasant consequences following a grooming event, including shame, anger, anxiety, tension, despair, and substance abuse which make it more difficult for them to report the exploitation. A substantial amount of research in this domain has focused on identifying certain vulnerabilities of the victims of grooming. These vulnerabilities include specific age groups, gender, psychological factors, no family support, and lack of good social relations which make young people more vulnerable to grooming. So far no technical work has been done to apply statistical analysis on these vulnerability profiles and observe how these patterns change between different victim types and offender types. This work presents a detailed analysis of the effect of Offender type (contact and fantasy) and victim type (Law Enforcement Officers, Real Victims and Decoys (Perverted Justice)) on representation of different vulnerabilities in grooming conversations. Comparison of different victim groups would provide insights into creating the right training material for LEOs and decoys and help in the training process for online sting operations. Moreover, comparison of different offender types would help create targeted prevention strategies to tackle online child grooming and help the victims.</p>

Driving sleepiness is a serious problem worldwide. It is of interest to develop reliable sleepiness detection systems to implement in vehicles, and for such a system both physi-ological data and driver performance data can be used. The reasons for driver sleepiness can be many, where an interesting factor to consider is the light condition of the environment, specifically daylight and darkness. Daylight and darkness has shown to affect human sleepiness in general and it is therefore of importance to investigate the effect of it on driver sleepiness independent of other factors. This thesis aimed to investigate whether light condition is a parameter that should be considered when developing a sleepiness detection system in a vehicle. This was done by investigating if the course of sleepiness would be affected by daylight and darkness, and if adding light condition information as a parameter to a classification model improved the performance of the sleepiness classification. To achieve this, the study was based upon data collected from driving simulator tests conducted by the Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI). Test subjects drove in simulated daylight and darkness during both daytime while rested and nighttime while sleep-deprived. An exploratory and statistical analysis was conducted of several sleepiness indicators extracted from physio-logical data and simulator data. Three different classification models were implemented. The indicators pointed to a higher level of driver sleepiness during night compared to during day, as well as an increase with time on task. However, no clear trends pointed to daylight and darkness having affected the sleepiness of the driver. The classification models showed a marginal improvement when including light condition as a feature, however not large enough to draw any specific conclusion regarding the effect. The conclusion was that an effect of daylight and darkness on the course of driver sleepiness could not be seen in this thesis. The adding of light and dark as a feature did not significantly improve the classification models’ performances. In summary, further investigations of the effect of daylight and darkness in relation to driver sleepiness are needed.

Describing a comprehensive neurofunctional model of sentence comprehension has always been a complex challenge. On one hand, disentangling the subprocesses that are necessary for computing the meaning of a sentence and their neural underpinnings is insidious. Each subprocess is closely interconnected with the others, and isolating only one as if it were separable can undermine the investigation of the overall process above. On the other hand, available data on the neural basis of sentence processing are not straightforward. This thesis explores relevant contributions and attempts to highlight open questions regarding the neural basis of two key processes in sentence comprehension, namely morphosyntactic processing and thematic role assignment. It presents and discusses original data resulting from an experiment that, to our knowledge, represents the first investigation of the neural basis of these two processes in the same sentential context. Results demonstrate that morphosyntactic and thematic processing rely on functionally distinct neural correlates in the left hemisphere. Morphosyntactic aspects are mostly processed in a left prefrontal network including the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the middle frontal gyrus (MFG), whereas thematic role assignment correlates with a left parietal node including the left intraparietal sulcus (IPS). Moreover, it is argued that results support the view that these regions play a language-related rather than domain-general role in human cognition. Finally, two statistical approaches to the analysis of the same TMS language data (ANOVA and Linear Mixed Models – LMMs) are compared. Their outcomes are discussed and an attempt is made at accounting for similarities and differences. Results suggest that the two models should not be considered on a sort of quality hierarchy according to which one has greater or lesser explanatory power than the other. Rather, they both represent legitimate and reliable approaches to account for data variability.

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