O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização mecânica, microestrutural e inspeção fratográfica do compósito de matriz de alumínio Al-1100 reforçado com partículas de carbeto de silício-SiC (40 μm) fabricados por meio de laminação acumulativa (ARB- do inglês Accumulative Roll Bonding), assim como, para efeito comparativo, foram estudados o Al-1100 processado por ARB sem adição de partículas e Al-1100 como recebido. Ensaio de desgaste microadesivo com esfera fixa e ensaio de tração unidirecional quase estático que foram realizados em amostras sem entalhes e em amostras contendo diferentes geometrias de entalhe. Microscopia óptica, microscopia eletrônica de varredura nos modos: elétrons secundários, elétrons retroespalhados, espectroscopia de energia dispersiva por raios-X e difração de elétrons retroespalhados, difração de raios-X e microtomografia computadorizada foram utilizados para caracterizar as amostras. Os resultados obtidos mostraram êxito da incorporação de partículas de SiC na matriz de Alumínio por meio do processo ARB. Houve ganhos relevantes na resistência máxima à tração, na rigidez e na deformação máxima no momento da ruptura, devido à incorporação de SiCp. Essas propriedades foram bastante influenciadas na presença de concentradores de tensão (entalhes). A resistência ao desgaste do compósito foi excepcionalmente incrementada comparativamente aos demais materiais. Todos os resultados foram corroborados pelas análises microetrutural e fratográficas. / The present study aims to characterize mechanical, microstructural and through fractographic inspection laminates Al-1100 aluminum matrix composite reinforced with silicon carbide particles, SiCp (40 μm), manufactured by accumulative roll bonding (ARB), as well as, for comparative effect, were studied Al-1100 processed by ARB without the addition of particles and Al-1100 received. Micro-adhesive wear test with fixed ball and test almost static unidirectional traction were performed on samples without scoring, and in samples containing different geometries notches. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy modes: secondary electrons, backscattered electrons, energy dispersive X-ray and electron backscatter diffraction, X-ray diffraction and computed microtomography, these were used to characterize the samples. The results indicated successful incorporation of SiC particles in the aluminum matrix by ARB process. There have been significant gains in maximum tensile strength, stiffness and maximum deformation at the time of rupture, due to incorporation of SiCp. These properties were strongly influenced in the presence of stress concentrators (notches). The resistance of the composite wear was exceptionally increased compared to Al-1100 ARB. All results were corroborated by microstructural and fractographics analysis.

Submitted by PPG Teologia (teologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-16T14:20:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao - GERMANO SOARES SILVA.pdf: 783787 bytes, checksum: 1cc7d6ee4730e693994b223640b42c87 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2018-05-28T16:56:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao - GERMANO SOARES SILVA.pdf: 783787 bytes, checksum: 1cc7d6ee4730e693994b223640b42c87 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-28T17:15:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao - GERMANO SOARES SILVA.pdf: 783787 bytes, checksum: 1cc7d6ee4730e693994b223640b42c87 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-02 / The present work has the purpose of focusing the theological thought of Jacob Arminius on the themes of Free Will and Predestination. These themes have always been discussed by Calvinists on Brazilian soil, and only by the Reformed angle, for the lack of works of Arminius are not known in the theological academies of Brazil. At the beginning of the 21st century, a series of publications about the thinking of Jacob Arminius began, by Brazilian Arminians who struggled and are struggling not to promote meaningless discussions, but to show how Arminius thought and reflected the Sacred Scriptures, producing his messages and his studies to instruct the church where he was pastor in Holland. To the great joy of admirers of the works of Arminius, in 2015, Publishing House Assemblies of God of Brazil (CPAD) published in three volumes the Works of Arminius. This publication served as the basis for the present work, adding other works published by Brazilian and North American Arminian scholars. This work does not deal with all of Arminius's thinking, but it was of personal interest to reflect on Free Will and Predestination. The first chapter deals with the scene of the main controversies and also of the conflicts in the ecclesial reality of the Netherlands from 1609 to 1618. In this scenario were present as main protagonists Calvinists and Arminians. The second chapter deals with the theme of Predestination, not as fatalism, but for adoption and also for the glory of God. Predestination has as its scope the responsibility of the Christian in the Kingdom of God. And finally, the third chapter, which has as its content the meaning of Free Will and its powers to the dimensions of a free and responsible Christendom. It is hoped that all those who are involved in the content of this work will have spirit and action in order to be able to freely reflect on the thought of Jacob Arminius for the existence of a good social and ecclesial reality. / O presente trabalho tem como escopo o prop?sito de enfocar o pensamento teol?gico de Jac? Arm?nio, sobre as tem?ticas do Livre Arb?trio e da Predestina??o. Estes temas sempre foram discutidos por calvinistas em solo brasileiro, e somente pelo ?ngulo reformado, pelo fato de as obras de Arm?nio n?o serem conhecidas nas academias teol?gicas do Brasil. Neste in?cio do s?culo XXI, surgiu in?cio a uma s?rie de publica??es acerca do pensamento de Jac? Arm?nio, por arminianos brasileiros que se esfor?aram e est?o se esfor?ando com o intuito n?o de promover discuss?es sem sentido, mas mostrar como Arm?nio pensava e refletia as Sagradas Escrituras, produzindo suas mensagens e seus estudos para instruir a igreja em que foi pastor na Holanda. Para a grande alegria dos admiradores das obras de Arm?nio, no ano de 2015, a Casa Publicadora das Assembleias de Deus do Brasil (CPAD) publicou em tr?s volumes as Obras de Arm?nio. Essa publica??o serviu de base para o presente trabalho, somando-se outras obras publicadas por estudiosos arminianos brasileiros e norte-americanos. Este trabalho n?o trata de todo o pensamento de Arm?nio, mas foi de interesse pessoal, refletir acerca do Livre Arb?trio e da Predestina??o. O primeiro cap?tulo aborda o cen?rio das principais controv?rsias e, tamb?m, dos conflitos na realidade eclesial da Holanda de 1609 a 1618. Nesse cen?rio estavam presentes como principais protagonistas calvinistas e arminianos. Quanto ao segundo cap?tulo tem como abordagem a tem?tica da Predestina??o, n?o como fatalismo, mas para a ado??o e, tamb?m, para a gl?ria de Deus. Predestina??o tem como escopo a responsabilidade do crist?o no Reino de Deus. E por ?ltimo, o terceiro cap?tulo, que tem como conte?do o significado do Livre Arb?trio e seus poderes para as dimens?es de uma cristandade livre e respons?vel. Espera-se que todos aqueles e aquelas que se envolverem com o conte?do deste trabalho, tenham ?nimo e a??o, a fim de se poder refletir com liberdade sobre o pensamento de Jac? Arm?nio, para a exist?ncia de boa realidade social e eclesial.

Research Objectives Heart failure (HF) is a common condition in persons older than 65 years. Existing literature indicated that hospital readmission rates after discharge for heart failure patients are immensely high. However, previous studies showed that almost half of the early hospital readmissions could be prevented. Moreover, Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) are the commonly used medications for heart failure patients to control blood pressure. Nevertheless, studies indicated that these two medications could also cause the risk of hospital readmission. Little studies examined the associations of medication use and hospital readmission of heart failure patients in Taiwan. This study aims to investigate the influence factors of hospital readmissions among heart failure patients in Taiwan. Study Design We collected the data from National Health Insurance (NHI) database during the period from year 2000 to 2006. Based on the rule of Bureau of National Health Insurance in Taiwan, the 14-day readmission is considered as a poor quality indicator. We categorized readmissions into 4 groups (14-day, 30-day, 180-day and over 180-day) and evaluated each group¡¦s demographic, hospital characteristics, medical resource utilization, Charlson Comorbidity Index and medication utilizations of ACE inhibitor and ARB. We conducted descriptive analyses by using chi-square and t tests and applied multivariate logistic regression analyses to estimate the probabilities of hospital readmissions of heart failure patients. Population Studied Patients aged 50 or older with heart failure were identified based on the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM). Principle Findings Among 1920 heart failure patients, 19.9% of them were readmitted within 14 days, 7.6% were readmitted within 30 days and 26% were readmitted within 180 days. The medical resource utilizations such as average inpatients cost per patient, average outpatients cost per patient, total medical cost, average of inpatients times per patient and average of outpatients times per patient were significantly higher in patients with readmissions than those without readmission. Age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, patients who had been treated with ACE inhibitors and patients who had been treated with ARB were significantly affected the probabilities of readmissions. Conclusion The heart failure patients with readmissions had significantly higher medical resource utilizations than those without readmission. The medication uses of ACE inhibitors or ARB were significantly affected the probabilities of hospital readmissions. By understanding more about the influence factors of readmissions among heart failure patients, we may provide continue improvements of quality of care and reduce unnecessary medical costs. This study results provide useful reference for policy-makers to establish effective disease management program and appropriate health care financing arrangement in the future.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2016-04-01T22:28:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Vanicl?zia de Andrade Melo.pdf: 1015149 bytes, checksum: f174db068eeaabe1f7c9615543e4f0a6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-01T22:28:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o Vanicl?zia de Andrade Melo.pdf: 1015149 bytes, checksum: f174db068eeaabe1f7c9615543e4f0a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-31 / Birds are considered sensitive to human disturbance because they have a close relationship with the environmental conditions. In the caatinga, modification of habitat ocurred by a historical process of environmental deterioration as a result of unsustainable use of natural resources. Due to the extreme climatic conditions of the caatinga, it is expected that a more resilient biota survives in this vegetation under to human interventions than those in more stable environments, such as tropical rainforests. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of habitat loss on a bird community of caatinga area type seasonal dry forest in the municipality of Candiba, Bahia, Brazil, comparing avifaunas occurring in an area of remnant forest (Area I) with adjacent matrix cleared of area (Area II). Six expeditions were conducted, three in the dry season and three in the rainy season, between November 2011 and July 2012. The method of Mackinnon lists was used for recording auditory and visual species. It was recorded 138 species, 92 in the Area I and 94 in the Area II. Both areas showed a low similarity (38%) between their specific compositions, demonstrating that only a small portion of the bird community in the region occurs in both habitat types, tolerating the different states of preservation. Regarding the trophic structure, insectivorous species predominated in both areas, with emphasis on the occurrence species of more specialized habits in only Area I, indicating that they are intolerant to habitat loss. In Area II, were representative species of bird generalist habits, such as granivorous and omnivorous, they seem to benefit from the replacement of native forests by agricultural lands. Although bird species of high sensitivity and forest dependents represented the minority, such species were directly affected by habitat change, since many of them were not recorded in the cleared matrix. Thus, habitat loss is a process that leads to negative effects on the bird community of seasonal dry forest, especially in species composition, which changes as the forest vegetation is removed. / As aves s?o consideradas sens?veis a perturba??es por apresentarem uma estreita rela??o com as condi??es em que o ambiente se encontra. Na catinga, a modifica??o do habitat tem se dado por um hist?rico processo de deteriora??o ambiental, em decorr?ncia do uso insustent?vel dos seus recursos naturais. Em fun??o das condi??es clim?ticas extremas da caatinga, espera-se que nesta vegeta??o sobrevivam biotas mais resilientes a interven??es humanas do que aquelas de ambientes mais est?veis, como as florestas tropicais ?midas. Deste modo, o presente estudo objetivou investigar os efeitos da perda de h?bitat sobre uma comunidade de aves de ?rea de caatinga do tipo floresta estacional seca, no munic?pio de Candiba, Bahia, Brasil, comparando as avifaunas ocorrentes em uma ?rea de remanescente florestal (?rea I) com a da matriz desmatada adjacente (?rea II). Foram realizadas seis expedi??es, tr?s na esta??o seca e tr?s na chuvosa, entre novembro de 2011 e julho de 2012. O m?todo de listas de Mackinnon foi utilizado para o registro auditivo e visual das esp?cies. Foram listadas 138 esp?cies, sendo 92 na ?rea I e 94 na ?rea II. As duas ?reas apresentaram uma baixa similaridade (38%) entre suas composi??es espec?ficas, demonstrando que apenas uma pequena por??o da comunidade de aves da regi?o em ambos os tipos de habitat, tolerando os distintos estados de conserva??o dos mesmos. Quanto ? estrutura tr?fica, as aves inset?voras predominaram tanto na ?rea I como na ?rea II, com destaque para ocorr?ncia de esp?cies de h?bitos mais especializados somente na ?rea I, indicando que s?o intolerantes ? modifica??o de seu habitat. Na ?rea II, foram representativas as esp?cies de aves h?bitos mais generalistas, como as gran?voras e on?voras, que parecem se beneficiar da substitui??o de florestas nativas por ?reas de cultivo agr?cola. Ainda que as esp?cies de aves de alta sensibilidade e dependentes florestais representaram a minoria, tais esp?cies foram diretamente afetadas pela altera??o do habitat, uma vez que muitas delas n?o foram registradas na matriz desmatada. Deste modo, a modifica??o do habitat se mostra como um processo que acarreta em efeitos negativos sobre a comunidade de aves de caatinga arb?rea, sobretudo na composi??o das esp?cies, que ? alterada ? medida que a vegeta??o florestal ? substitu?da por ?reas agr?colas.

Outputs of human-derived chemicals and constituents to the environment, and shifts in these outputs, can result in unintended consequences to human and ecological health. One such shift is the advent of the modern antibiotic era, in which mass production and outputs of antibiotics, which are mostly naturally-derived microbial defense compounds and include a few synthetic antimicrobials, has profound implications for contributing to the spread of antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic resistance arises from mutations and/or sharing of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) among bacteria via horizontal gene transfer, with carriage of ARGs by pathogenic bacteria of particular concern to human health. While most attention to stopping the spread of antibiotic resistance has been devoted to the clinic, it is critical to consider the environmental origin, ecology and pathways by which antibiotic resistance spreads in order to develop comprehensive strategies to combat antibiotic resistance. In particular, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) represent a potentially key critical control point given that they receive antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and ARGs from the population, which are then routed to activated sludge biological treatment, consisting of high density, highly active microbial populations. The research projects described in this dissertation aimed to explore the occurrence of ARGs in WWTPs, particularly WWTPs in developing countries representing the extremes of what is expected to be encountered in terms of potential to spread antibiotic resistance, and to improve and apply novel technologies for monitoring key markers of antibiotic resistance in WWTPs and affected environments. The pathogen Staphylococcus aureus and a corresponding ARG (methicillin resistance mecA gene) were chosen as model biocontaminants of concern due to their environmental and public health relevance. The results reported in Chapters 3-5 advance the knowledge of bio(nano)sensing techniques and highlight areas of promise and challenge. The results reported in Chapter 2 provided insight into the baseline levels of ARGs expected in a highly impacted WWTP in India, thereby highlighting the magnitude and global scale of the problem of antibiotic resistance as well as the need for innovative solutions. / Ph. D.

SUMMARY: MEDIATION OF COMMERCIAL DISPUTES - DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES Dr. Martin Svatoš This paper addresses the mediation and its use in the both domestic and international commercial disputes. The milieu that serves as a source of the problems to be resolved during mediation is a specific one. It demands quick, cost-effective and confidential resolution of complicated disputes involving several parties. In general, this cannot be granted by the traditional ways of dispute resolution - litigation and arbitration. Mediation is regarded as a cost-effective and quick extrajudicial resolution of disputes in civil and commercial matters through processes tailored to the needs of the parties. On the other hand, there are several legal and legal-related issues that have to be discussed. And thus, the question that remains to be answered is: Is mediation really as effective as it is told? And in the case of a positive answer - why it is not the most commonly used dispute resolution procedure? The main goal of this thesis is to answer these queries. Its first part focuses on the issue of mediation in general. Quite surprisingly, there is no exact definition of mediation neither in the legal acts, nor in the opinion of the ADR experts. In contrast, plenty of definition can be found after short...

1 ABSTRACT MEDIATION AS A MEAN OF INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL DISPUTE RESOLUTION This dissertation deals with the phenomenon of discrepancies between commonly shared perceptions about international mediation and its real and practical situation. The aim of this disertation is not to analyze the legal provisions on mediation in individual national jurisdictions or to analyze individual provisions of the private international law, which potentially apply to issues of cross-border mediation. The intention is to point to current trends and current issues in the field of international mediation. We especially want to conduct generally accepted theoretical concepts of mediation in an international context critical view by comparing it to empirical dates proving the actual state of mediation as a method of resolving international business disputes. The first part of this disertation summarizes the basic theoretical background related to mediation, which serves as a basis for the construction of generally recognized premises in this field. These premises relate to the context of international commerce. Therefore, it deals with the mediation principles, models and important aspects that are relevant to international commercial disputes with an international element. In the second part, the disertation tries to point...

1 Mediation as a Mean of International Commercial Dispute Resolution Abstract The subject of this dissertation is the topic of mediation in solving international commercial disputes. At the outset, the author focuses on the general theory of dispute and argues that the main psychological features of thinking about conflicts are inherent in virtually all types of social relations, regardless of their specific nature. It is therefore useful to recall the knowledge about the psychology of conflict in the context of research on the resolution of international commercial disputes, as this initial line of reasoning is also present. In the first part of the dissertation, the author defines the position of mediation within the spectrum of the dispute resolution and identifies its relationship with other ADR methods. She is particularly concerned with the recent change in the ADR area, particularly as regards the shift of arbitration towards judicial proceedings and convergence of mediation with arbitration in certain respects. Furthermore, the author considers the importance of mediation for international commerce, noting in particular the aspect of the institutionalisation of mediation and touches on the phenomenon of regional change in international trade. The author points out that the cross-border commercial...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:58:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Joventino Fernandes Moreira.pdf: 938643 bytes, checksum: b9ddd1b30c4ea4ca7ccd346032713eb5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-02-17 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The production of aluminum and alumina generates a great amount of red mud, which is harmful to the environment mainly for its high pH, electric conductivity and concentration of sodium, which restrict plant growth. However, there are some indications that it may be used as a conditioner for acid sandy soils. This work tested a red mud from an alumina production plant by Alumar- S?o Lu?s MA, Brazil as soil conditioner for two acid soil types: sandy and clay soils) and the growth of oil palm hybrids (E. guinensis x E. oleifera) grown in red mud deposition tank vegetated with leguminous trees for 8 years. The red mud was characterized in relation to its physical, chemical and microbial characteristics and tested in two types of soils, a Planossolo and an Argissolo and two bioindicators plants, the grass Brachiaria brizantha and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Bean plants were harvested and brachiaria received a first cut 50 days after planting. A second and third cut were performed in brachiaria 70 and 140 days after the first one. Plant biomass was dried until constant weight and analysed for nutrient content. Number of sprouts of grass was counted at the third harvest. The evaluation of oil palm growth on red mud included eight hybrids between Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guiinensis from Embrapa Amaz?nia Ocidental. breeding program (C2501, C2301, C2328, C3701, C2801, C7201, RUC13 and RUC 87) 12 months after transplanted to a red mud tank vegetated for 8 years with a mixture of nodulated leguminous trees. Diameter at the base of the plants, top diameter, number of leaves, plant height, diazotrophic bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi and nutrient contents were studied on the oil palm plants. Soil fauna and nutrient availability were evaluated in soils under oil palm and in an area with native species nearby the tanks. The addition of small amounts of red mud to the soils increased soil pH. Addition of red mud decreased plant growth in both soils tested with more deleterious effect on bean than on the grass. However the addition of 5 Mg ha-1 of red mud in the sandy acid soil increased the grass biomass at the last harvest in relation to the control. The evaluation of the oil palm in the tanks indicated that hybrid RUC 87 and C7201 presented larger diameter at soil level, plant height and number of leaves. All cultivars and hybrids showed large population of diazotrophic bacteria in their leaves and mycorhizal infection on roots. Similar richness and density of soil fauna was observed in the red mud below the oil palm to that observed in a soil collect in a secondary forest nearby indicating that the vegetation with leguminous trees is returning the ecological processes toward a sustainable system. / O processo de produ??o de alum?nio e alumina gera grande quantidade de res?duo de bauxita, tamb?m chamado red mud (lama vermelha). Este res?duo ? objeto de preocupa??o para o meio ambiente devido as suas caracter?sticas de alto pH e condutividade el?trica, al?m da elevada concentra??o de s?dio, condi??es estas prejudiciais ao desenvolvimento de plantas, tornando dif?cil o manejo desse material e necessitando de grandes ?reas para seu armazenamento. Por outro lado, alguns estudos t?m sido desenvolvidos com aplica??o desse material na agricultura, visando aumentar o pH e disponibilidade de nutrientes e melhorar a reten??o de ?gua para as plantas em solos arenosos. Esse trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar o potencial de uso do res?duo alcalino do refino de bauxita tratado e n?o tratado com ?gua do mar como condicionador de solos. Para isso os materiais foram caracterizados em aspectos f?sicos, qu?micos e microbiol?gicos e comparados quanto a seus efeitos no solo testando-os sobre dois tipos de solos, um Planossolo e um Argissolo e sobre duas plantas bioindicadoras, a braqui?ria (Brachiaria brizantha) e o feij?o comum (Phaseolus vulgaris). Ap?s 50 dias do experimento, as plantas de feij?o foram colhidas e foi feito o primeiro corte da braqui?ria, as plantas foram secas e pesadas, para a an?lise da massa seca. Contou-se tamb?m o n?mero de perfilhos da braqui?ria e nesta foram feitos mais dois cortes, um aos 120 e o ?ltimo aos 190 dias. Al?m dessa avalia??o foi feito um estudo sobre o desenvolvimento de dend? nos tanques de estocagem do res?duo ap?s 8 anos de implanta??o da revegeta??o com leguminosas arb?reas. Foram utilizadas 8 materiais gen?ticos de Elaeis spp (dend?) recomendados pela Embrapa Amaz?nia Ocidental: C2501, C2301, C2328, C3701, C2801, C7201, RUC13 e RUC87 e avaliados o di?metro do c?lo da planta e da copa, o n?mero de folhas, a altura das plantas, a presen?a de bact?rias diazotr?ficas e fungos micorr?zicos associadas ?s plantas de dend?, a fauna de solo e o estado nutricional das plantas e a fertilidade do solo. Os resultados apresentados indicam que os res?duos foram eficientes na eleva??o do pH do solo, j? com pequenas doses. A leguminosa mostrou-se mais sens?vel que a braqui?ria em rela??o ? salinidade provocada pela adi??o dos res?duos, nos dois tipos de solos, sendo que nessa ?ltima, houve aumento de mat?ria seca de parte a?rea em fun??o das doses dos res?duos n?o tratado e tratado com ?gua do mar at? a dose de 5 Mg ha-1, no Planossolo. Na avalia??o do dend? foi observada uma grande quantidade de bact?rias diazotr?ficas e coloniza??o micorr?zica, independentemente do gen?tipo. Os dados indicam tamb?m um melhor desempenho para os gen?tipos RUC87 e C7201 no que se refere ao di?metro do c?lo e da copa, n?mero de folhas e altura das plantas, apresentando uma maior capacidade de estabelecimento destas cultivares em rela??o ?s demais. No que se refere ? fauna do solo na ?rea de dend?, os seus valores de riqueza de grupos e densidade de indiv?duos foram pr?ximos aos valores encontrados em uma mata secund?ria local o que mostra que a revegeta??o com leguminosa est? sendo eficiente em retomar os processos ecol?gicos e o equil?brio do ecossistema.

Magnesium alloys are widely used in engineering applications, including aerospace and automobile industries, due to their desirable properties, such as lower density, high damping capacity, relatively high thermal conductivity, good machinability, and recyclability. Researchers have, therefore, been developing new magnesium materials. However, mechanical and corrosion properties are still limiting many commercial applications of magnesium alloys. In this Ph.D. thesis research, I developed Mg-Ti composite materials to offer some solutions to further improve the mechanical behavior of magnesium, such as titanium-magnesium (Ti-Mg) claddings, Mg-Ti multilayers, and Ti particle enforced Mg alloys. Low cost manufacturing processes, such as hot roll-bonding (RB) and accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) techniques, were used to produce Mg-Ti composites and sheets. The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of composites were investigated using optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), nanoindentation, and tensile tests. In the first part of this study, I investigated the bonding strength of the AZ31/Ti to understand the mechanical properties of Mg/Ti composites. Using a single pass RB process, I fabricated AZ31/Ti multilayers with the thickness reduction in a range of 25% to 55%. The hot-rolled AZ31/Ti multilayers were heat-treated at 400 °C for 6, 12, and 24 hours, respectively, in an argon atmosphere. Tensile-shear tests were designed to measure the bonding strength between AZ31/Ti multilayers. Furthermore, the experimental results revealed good bonding of the AZ31/Ti multilayers without forming any intermetallic compounds in the as-rolled and heat-treated AZ31/Ti multilayers. The good bonding between Ti and AZ31 is the result of diffusion bonding whose thickness increases with increasing heat-treatment time and thickness reduction. The shear strength of the Ti/AZ31 multilayer increases with increasing bonding layer thickness. In the second part of this study, I characterized the microstructure and texture of three-layered Ti/AZ31/Ti clad sheets which were produced by single-pass hot rolling with a reduction of thickness 38% (sheet I) and 50% (sheet II). The AZ31 layer in sheets I and II exhibited shear bands and tensile twins {1012}⟨1001⟩ . The shear bands acted as local strain concentration areas which led to failure of the clad sheets with limited elongation. Heat treatment caused changes in the microstructure and mechanical properties of clad sheets due to static recrystallization (SRX) on twins and shear bands in the AZ31 layer. Recrystallized grains usually randomize the texture which causes weaken the strong deformed (0001) basal texture. Twins served as nucleation sites for grain growth during SRX. Tensile tests at room temperature showed significantly improved ductility of the clad sheets after heat treatment at 400°C for 12h. The results showed that the mechanical properties of clad sheets II are better than clad sheet I: The clad sheet II shows elongation 13% and 35% along the rolling direction (RD) for as-rolled and annealed clad sheet, respectively whereas the clad sheet I shows elongation 10% and 22% along RD for as-rolled and annealed clad sheet, respectively. In the final part of this study, I examined the effects of dispersed pure titanium particles (150 mesh) with 0, 2.3, 3.5, 4.9, and 8.6 wt. % on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31-Mg alloy matrix. Mg-Ti composites were processed through three accumulative roll bonding (ARB) steps using thickness reductions of 50% in each pass followed by heat treatment at 400 °C for 12 h in an argon atmosphere. ARB is an efficient process to fabricate Mg-Ti composites. Mechanical properties of Mg- 0Ti and Mg-2.3Ti composite were enhanced by ~ 8% and 13 % in yield strength and ~ 30% and 32 % in ultimate tensile strength, respectively. Meanwhile, the elongation of the composites were decreased by 63% and 70%, respectively. After heat treatment, the results showed a decrease in yield strength and increase in elongation to fracture. The mechanical properties of the Mg-0 and Mg-2.3Ti composite were enhanced: ultimate tensile strength by 9% and 7%, and elongation by 40% and 67%, while the yield strength was decreased by 28% and 36% compared with the initial AZ31. Enhancements of strength and ductility were the results of two mechanisms: a random matrix texture by ARB and ductile titanium particle dispersion.