A Research Report submitted to the Faculty of Medicine of the University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine in the discipline of surgery 1991 / Severe intra-abdominal infection (IAI) carries a high mortality. Methods of treatment such as radical peritonaal debridement, continuos post-operative lavage and local intra-peritonaal instillation of anti-biotics have not improved. [Abbreviated Abstract. Open document to view full version] / MT2016

Reproduction de : Mémoire de Sage-femme : Médecine : Nantes : 2009. / Bibliogr.

Thesis (M App Sci) -- University of South Australia, 1992

Thesis (MAppSc in Physiotherapy) -- University of South Australia

Thesis--Helsinki University, 1989. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 50-55).

Thesis--Helsinki University, 1989. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 50-55).

Thesis (M.S.)--Western Washington University, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 51-56). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.

Thesis (M.S.)--Western Washington University, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 51-56).

Despite advancements in automotive safety, motor vehicle collisions remain the leading cause of unintentional death for children ages 5 to 14. Enhancement of child occupant protection depends on the ability to accurately assess the effectiveness of restraint systems. Booster seat design and proper belt fit require evaluation using child anthropomorphic test devices, yet biofidelity of the abdomen and pelvis of the current anthropomorphic test device, the Hybrid III 6-year-old, needs improvement. Further, measurement of abdominal deflection is needed for quantification of the degree of submarining and associated potential injury risk. A biofidelic abdomen for the Hybrid III 6-year-old dummy is being developed by the Ford Motor Company. A practical measurement system for the biofidelic abdominal insert has been developed and demonstrated for three dimensional determination of abdominal deflection. Quantification of insert deflection is achieved via differential signal measurement using electrodes mounted within a conductive medium. Signal amplitude is proportional to the distance between the electrodes. A microcontroller is used to calculate distances between ventral electrodes and a dorsal electrode in three dimensions. This system has been calibrated statically, as well as evaluated dynamically. Its performance has also been demonstrated in a series of sled tests. Deflection measurements from the instrumented abdominal insert showed clear differences between two booster seat designs, yielding an average peak anterior to posterior displacement of the abdomen of 1.0 ± 3.4 mm and 31.2 ± 7.2 mm for the seats, respectively. Implementation of a 6-year-old abdominal insert with the ability to evaluate submarining potential will likely advance the effectiveness of booster seat design and restraint performance, and help mitigate child occupant injury severity in automobile collisions. / Master of Science

Thesis (MScPhysio)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Question: What are the effects of Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing (with and without a Positive End Expiratory Pressure [PEEP] Valve), compared to deep breathing exercises, on ventilation distribution in high-risk adults following open upper abdominal surgery (UAS)? Design: This study comprised an observational descriptive component as well as a prospective triple blind randomised controlled crossover trial with concealed allocation and patient, assessor and statistician blinding Participants: Seven patients at high risk for postoperative pulmonary complications following UAS Intervention: Deep breathing exercises (DBExs) were compared to Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing (IPPB), with IPPB further applied with and without a PEEP Valve, using a randomised cross-over design with 30 minute washout duration between periods. Outcome measures: Global and regional impedance changes in the lungs were measured using Electrical Impedance Tomography. Vital signs, visual analogue pain scale (VAS) and modified Borg scale (MBS) were measured pre– and post-intervention. Results: A greater mean global lung impedance change ( Z) was detected with IPPB compared to DBExs (mean difference in Z 2803.8; 95% CI 5189.9 to 8512.5 and 2046 to 96047.9; P<0.01). These changes in lung impedance lasted 30 minutes before returning to baseline. There was no difference in Z when patients received IPPB with 5cmH20 PEEP compared to IPPB with no PEEP. No specific regional ventilation changes were noted. IPPB did not increase VAS, MBS scores or adversely affect vital signs. Conclusion: IPPB is an effective technique to improve lung volumes compared to deep breathing exercises. Further studies are required to investigate the effect of IPPB on clinical outcome. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vraag: Watter uitwerking het onderbroke positiewe-drukasemhaling (met én sonder ’n positiewe-endekspiratoriesedruk-[PEEP-]klep) in vergelyking met diepasemhalings-oefeninge op ventilasieverspreiding by hoërisikovolwassenes ná bo-buikchirurgie? Ontwerp: ’n Waarnemingsgegronde, vergelykende en ondersoekende, driedubbelblinde, verewekansigde gekontroleerde oorskakelproef, met verborge toewysing en blinding van pasiënte, die assesseerder en statistikus Deelnemers: Sewe pasiënte met ’n hoë risiko vir post-operatiewe pulmonêre komplikasies na bo-buikchirurgie Intervensie: Diepasemhalingsoefeninge (DBEx) is vergelyk met onderbroke positiewedrukasemhaling (IPPB), wat op sy beurt met én sonder ’n PEEP-klep toegepas is, met behulp van ’n verewekansigde oorskakelstudie met ’n halfuur lange uitspoeling tussen oorskakelings. Uitkomsmetings: Algehele en regionale impedansieveranderinge in die longe is met behulp van elektriese impedansietomografie gemeet. Vitale tekens, die visuele analoogskaal (VAS) en die aangepaste Borg-skaal (MBS) is voor, sowel as na die intervensie afgeneem. Resultate: ’n Groter gemiddelde algehele impedansieverandering ( Z) is opgemerk met IPPB in vergelyking met DBEx (gemiddelde verskil 2803.8; 95% CI 5189.9: 8512.5 en 2046: 96047.9; P<0.01). Hierdie veranderinge in longimpedansie het ’n halfuur of langer geduur voordat dit na die basislyn teruggekeer het. Daar was geen verskil in Z toe pasiënte IPPB met ’n PEEP-klep van 5cmH20 ontvang het teenoor IPPB sonder ’n PEEP-klep nie. Geen spesifieke regionale voorkeure is opgemerk nie. IPPB het nie die VAS- of MBS-tellings verhoog of vitale tekens verswak nie. Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za iv Gevolgtrekking: In vergelyking met DBEx, is IPPB ’n doeltreffende tegniek om longvolumes te verbeter. Verdere studies word vereis om die uitwerking van IPPB op kliniese uitkomste te ondersoek.