<p>Povrede adolescenata predstavljaju rastući javno zdravstveni problem. Iako fizička aktivnost ima dokazanu vi&scaron;estruku korist po zdravlje pojedinca, ona je povezana sa rizikom od povreda, posebno u zemljama sa nedovoljno razvijenim strategijama za prevenciju istih. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se utvrdi povezanost između intenzivne fizičke aktivnosti i povreda, da li nivo fizičke aktivnosti utiče na rizično i protektivno pona&scaron;anje adolescenata, i da se identifikuju okolnosti i okruženje u kom se povrede najče&scaron;će de&scaron;avaju. Za istraživanje je kori&scaron;ćena retrospektivno-prospektivna kohortna studija na odabranom uzorku adolescenata od 15-19 godina koji pohađaju srednju &scaron;kolu. Putem standardnog internacionalnog upitnika o fizičkoj aktivnosti IPAQ i dobijenog MET skora, izdvojen je deo kohorte adolescenata izložen intenzivnoj fizičkoj aktivnosti. Kontrolnu grupu činili su umereno fizički aktivni i neaktivni adolescenti. U periodu od 12 meseci registrovane su sve vrste povreda adolescenata putem upitnika o povredama. Povrede koje su zahtevale medicinski tretman registrovane su kroz zdravstvenu dokumentaciju &scaron;kolskog dispanzera, sportske ambulante doma zdravlja, hitne medicinske pomoći i urgentnog odeljenja op&scaron;te bolnice. Klasifikacija i analiza podataka o povredama izvr&scaron;ena je prema prirodi povreda (S00-T98) na osnovu Međunarodne klasifikacije bolesti (MKB-10, 1996.). Rizik za povrede bio je sedam puta veći u grupi intenzivno fizički aktivnih adolescenata u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu (RR: 7,041; 95%CI: 6,071; 8,187). Rizik za povrede koje su zahtevale medicinski tretman, prema rezultatima prikupljenim u zdravstvenim ustanovama, bio je 15 puta veći kod adolescenata koji se intenzivno bave fizičkom aktivno&scaron;ću (RR: 14,717; 95%CI: 10,652; 20,592). Fizički aktivni učenici su se najvi&scaron;e povređivali na sportskim terenima, dok su se umereno aktivni i neaktivni najče&scaron;će povređivali u kućnom okruženju. Rizik da zadobiju sportske povrede bio je 11 puta veći kod fizički aktivnih ispitanika (RR: 11,212; 95%CI: 9,013; 14,074), sa značajno vi&scaron;om stopom incidencije kod mu&scaron;karaca (82,9/100). Na treningu i utakmici povrede je zadobilo 85,2% fizički aktivnih adolescenata, dok su kod umereno aktivnih i neaktivnih sportske povrede najče&scaron;će registrovane u &scaron;kolskom okruženju (37,5%). Najvi&scaron;e povreda registrovano je u fudbalu (Inc. 4.44/1000 h), odbojci (Inc. 3.92/1000 h) i boksu/kik boksu (Inc. 3.75/1000 h). Intenzitet fizičke aktivnosti nije imao uticaja na smanjenje rizičnog pona&scaron;anja kod adolescenata, kao &scaron;to je kori&scaron;ćenje alkohola, psihoaktivnih supstanci i nasilno pona&scaron;anje. Nivo protektivnog pona&scaron;anja bio je generalno nizak u obe grupe ispitanika. Kori&scaron;ćenje za&scaron;titne kacige i za&scaron;titne sportske opreme bilo je značajno zastupljenije u grupi intenzivno fizički aktivnih adolelescenata, ali nije utvrđen njihov uticaj na smanjenje rizika od povreda.</p> / <p>Injuries among adolescents represent growing public health issue. Although physical activity provides proven multiple benefits to the health of individuals, it is also associated with a risk of injuries, particularly in countries with less developed strategies for their prevention. The objective of the research was to determine the relation between vigorous physical activity and injuries, whether the level of physical activity affects the risk and protective behaviour among adolescents, and to identify the circumstances and environment in which the injuries most often occur. The research used a retrospective-prospective cohort study on a selected sample of adolescents aged 15-19 years attending secondary school. The part of the cohort of adolescents exposed to vigorous physical activity was separated through the standard international questionnaire on physical activity IPAQ and the resulting MET score. The control group consisted of moderately physically active and inactive adolescents. All types of injuries among adolescents within the 12 months were registered through a questionnaire. Injuries requiring medical treatment were registered through the health records of school and sports ambulances, emergency medical services and Emergency Department of the General Hospital. Classification and analysis of injury data was performed according to the nature of the injuries (S00 - T98) based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD - 10, 1996). The risk of injury was seven times higher in the group of vigorous physically active adolescents than in the control group (RR: 7,041; 95%CI: 6,071; 8,187). The risk of injuries that required medical treatment was 15 times higher among adolescents who are intensively engaged in physical activity (RR: 14,717; 95%CI: 10,652; 20,592). Physically active students are most frequently injured on the sports fields, while moderately active and inactive students are most frequently injured in the home environment. The risk to suffer sports injuries was 11 times higher among physically active participants (RR: 11,212; 95%CI: 9,013; 14,074) with a significantly higher incidence rate among men (82,9/100). On training and during the game 85,2% of physically active adolescents suffered from injuries, while among inactive participants sports injuries were most often registered in the school environment (37,5%). The most injuries were registered in soccer (Inc. 4.44/1000 h), volleyball (Inc. 3.92/1000 h) and boxing/kick boxing (Inc. 3.75/1000 h). The intensity of physical activity had no impact on reducing risk behaviour among adolescents, such as the use of alcohol, psychoactive substances and violent behavior. The level of protective behavior was generally low in both groups. The use of protective helmets and protective sports equipment was significantly more frequently present among vigorous physically active adolescents, but their influence on reducing the risk of injuries was not determined.</p>

In the human control of motor vehicles, there are situations regularly encountered wherein the vehicle operator becomes drowsy and fatigued due to the influence of long work days, long driving hours, or low amounts of sleep. Although various methods are currently proposed to detect drowsiness in the operator, they are either obtrusive, expensive, or otherwise impractical. The method of drowsy driving detection through the collection of Steering Wheel Movement (SWM) signals has become an important measure as it lends itself to accurate, effective, and cost-effective drowsiness detection. In this dissertation, novel technologies for drowsiness detection using Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) are investigated and described. IMUs are an umbrella group of kinetic sensors (including accelerometers and gyroscopes) which transduce physical motions into data. Driving performances were recorded using IMUs as the primary sensors, and the resulting data were used by artificial intelligence algorithms, specifically Support Vector Machines (SVMs) to determine whether or not the individual was still fit to operate a motor vehicle. Results demonstrated high accuracy of the method in classifying drowsiness. It was also shown that the use of a smartphone-based approach to IMU monitoring of drowsiness will result in the initiation of feedback mechanisms upon a positive detection of drowsiness. These feedback mechanisms are intended to notify the driver of their drowsy state, and to dissuade further driving which could lead to crashes and/or fatalities. The novel methods not only demonstrated the ability to qualitatively determine a drivers drowsy state, but they were also low-cost, easy to implement, and unobtrusive to drivers. The efficacy, ease of use, and ease of access to these methods could potentially eliminate many barriers to the implementation of the technologies. Ultimately, it is hoped that these findings will help enhance traveler safety and prevent deaths and injuries to users.

Post-stroke fatigue is a common problem that may limit participation in everyday activities. Emerging evidence suggests that group-based training in fatigue management may be an efficient means of reducing the effects of post-stroke fatigue. This mixed methods, quasi-experimental study proposed to determine whether a group-based educational program could be successful in relieving post-stroke fatigue and improving participation in daily activities. A convenience sample of stroke survivors (n=20) from retirement communities in southeastern PA were invited to participate in the research. Participants were screened for depression, motor and cognitive recovery, and sleep quality. Fatigue was measured using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and activity participation was measured using the Physical Self-Maintenance Scale- Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (PSMS-IADL). The measures were administered in a double pre-test, double post-test format over three seven-week phases; a non-intervention period; a group-based intervention period, and a post-intervention period. Qualitative information was gathered using a self-made Intervention Satisfaction Survey. Data analysis involved measures of central tendency for the demographic information. Tabulations of the survey responses were completed to judge the effectiveness of the group-based program or its’ components from the participants’ perspectives. Results indicated a statistically significant reduction in reported fatigue post-intervention (p= .022), which continued for seven-weeks (p= .240). There was a strong effect size for the post-intervention reduction of fatigue (r= .69). There was a trend toward improved participation in daily activities. Distribution across groups for presence of social support, age, sex, and level of care was found to be equivalent after one-way chi square analysis. There was no significant influence of these variables on fatigue or participation when used as grouping variables in RM-ANOVA. Participants reported feeling most confident scheduling activity to include rest periods and least confident managing sleep problems. Limitations include small sample size, demographics not being representative of the general stroke population, use of self-report measures with possible ceiling effect of PSMS-IADL, instrumentation effect given multiple administrations, and history effects as groups occurred at different time of the year. Overall, the results indicate that participation in a group-based educational program was effective in reducing post-stroke fatigue in chronic stroke.

This paper is intended to compliment and describe the body of work that has been produced within the time I have been enrolled as a graduate student at Virginia Commonwealth University's Photography and Film department. The paper will include information on both my MFA candidacy presentation as well as a description of the evolution of my artistic endeavors. The main focus of this document is to discuss my formal examination of performance based video works pertaining to the absurd as described by Camus, and later expressed by Samuel Beckett, also the role of the masculine body's physicality within ritualized actions.

Cerebro-vascular accident often affects parts of brain responsible for spatial orientation. Optimal integration of afference from visual, somatosensory and vestibular system is necessary for maintaining balance and often in the end for the functional indepencence of the patient. Examination of subjective vertical is a sensitive signifier for spatial orientation and the ability to discern graviception. By using clinical examination of subjective visual vertical it is possible to objectify and quantify graviception disorder excluding visual context. Current level of understanding in this field is briefly summarized in theoretical part of this study. In practical part subjective visual vertical examination by bucket-method was for statistically comparison of 29 patients after a cerebro- vascular accident with 34 healthy seniors. Hypotheses about the influence of a side of a lesion and a time elapsed since the lesions were also tested. The study concludes that the perception of verticality in patients after cerebro- vascular accident can be severely affected. Additionally, the study highlights the reliability of examination of patients after cerebro-vascular accident using clinically practical bucket-method.

Title: Accident rate at floorball players with previous experience with ice hockey. Objectives: To determine whether there is an increased rate of injuries of ankle joint at floorball players with previous experience with ice hockey than at floorball players without this experience. To evaluate the impact of the operation of ice hockey, the sport with permanently fixed foot in the skate, at followed up playing of floorball at the top level. Methology: For the purposes of this thesis was compiled multiple-standard questionnaire - questionnaire form. The research sample consisted of 100 probands - the first group of 25 probands top floorball players who have played at least 5 years of ice hockey at the highest level, the second group 25 floorball extra-league players, third group of 25 professional ice hockey players. Last fourth group consisted of 25 probands athletes meeting the conditions of at least 3 times a week training and 1 championship match - non focus on ice hockey and floorball. The resulting data were first analyzed and clearly captured in tables in Microsoft Office Word 2003. Then were analyzed only data relating to the ankle joint injuries in floorball players using statistical methods to confirm the hypothesis - method of association - association coefficient, Chi-square test....

Title: Incidents and injuries during outdoor courses Aims: The aim is to ascertain the extent of injuries that occurred during outdoor activity courses, conducted within the framework of teaching at the Department of Outdoor Sports FTVS UK. Methods: Qualitative and quantitative analysis of data from the book of injuries, regulations, and final reports of the classes issued by individual departments of the Department of Outdoor Sports FTVS UK which was collected during the school calender of 2009/10 to 2014/15, and their subsequent statistical processing. Using of NACA scoring system for assessing the severity of injuries. The research group consists of students and teachers of FTVS UK. Results: The result of this work is a clear summary of the frequency and severity of injuries incurred in various outdoor activity courses conducted within the framework of teaching at the Department of Outdoor Sports FTVS UK. Keywords: Outdoor sports, skiing, canoeing, accident, FTVS UK courses.

Histoire et suivi d'une cohorte multicentrique de 100 nouveau-nés à terme ayant eu un infarctus cérébral artériel (cohorte AVCnn). L’homogénéité de la population, le nombre d’inclus, la somme des données collectées et leur comparaison à des groupes témoins puis désormais la durée du suivi font de la cohorte AVCnn un outil de travail unique dans la littérature. Les premiers résultats ont permis de définir un profil obstétrico-néonatal clinique et biologique à risque (objectif principal de l'étude). Inversement d'autres facteurs de risque suspectés (comme les dysgravidies ou les mutations des facteurs II et V de la coagulation) n'ont pu être confirmés, probablement du fait de la sélectivité des critères d'inclusion; les études antérieures ayant en effet inclus des enfants avec divers types d'AVC périnatals. La cause de l'accident n'a été établie (objectif secondaire) que pour une minorité d'enfants. Il semble exister plusieurs mécanismes pathologiques, dont le poids de naissance et le sexe seraient des biomarqueurs. Des facteurs pronostiques (objectif secondaire) de l'évolution motrice, accessibles dès les premiers jours de vie à l'lRM, ont également été déterminés alors que les symptômes n'apparaîtront que plusieurs mois après. Ceci permet d'envisager qu'une prise en charge précoce et ciblée sur ces nouveau-nés serait d'autant plus efficace que l'enfant n'a pas encore de symptômes. L'évaluation de la qualité de vie et de l'autonomie à l'âge de 3,5 ans est terminée. L'évaluation développementale (profil moteur, neuropsychologique, langagier, comportemental, épileptique et réussite scolaire) et de la réorganisation fonctionnelle cérébrale par IRM à 7 ans viennent de débuter / The AVCnn study is a French multicentre cohort of 100 term newborns with symptomatic arterial ischemic stroke. The homogeneity of the population, the number of patients included, the amount of collected data and their comparison with control groups and duration of follow-up allow to make the cohort AVCnn unique in the literature. Initial data confirm that many obstetrical and perinatal factors are risk determinants (principal objective of the study). Conversely, other suspected risk factors (such as dysgravidia or mutations of coagulation factors II and V) were not confirmed, probably due to the selectivity of the inclusion criteria: previous studies have in fact included children with various types of perinatal stroke. The cause of the accident has been formally established (secondary objective) in only two cases. Nevertheless, birth weight and gender may be biomarkers of two populations of neonates with different pathological mechanisms. Prediction of motor outcomes (secondary objective) can be obtained from early imaging data (<28 days of live), while the symptoms will only appear several months later. This is of paramount importance to families and clinicians, because early intervention may help alleviate the resulting disabilities. The evaluation of quality of life and Functional Independence Measure at age 3.5 years is now complete. The developmental assessment (neuropsychological, language, and behavioural profiles, epilepsy and academic achievement) and the functional reorganization of brain MRI at 7 years have just begun

The development of technologies for preventing drowsiness at the wheel is a major challenge in the field of accident avoidance systems. Preventing drowsiness during driving requires a method for accurately detecting a decline in driver alertness and a method for alerting and refreshing the driver. As a detection method, the authors have developed a system that uses image processing technology to analyse images of the road lane with a video camera integrated with steering wheel angle data collection from a car simulation system. The main contribution of this study is a novel algorithm for drowsiness detection and tracking, which is based on the incorporation of information from a road vision system and vehicle performance parameters. Refinement of the algorithm is more precisely detected the level of drowsiness by the implementation of a support vector machine classification for robust and accurate drowsiness warning system. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification technique diminished drowsiness level by using non intrusive systems, using standard equipment sensors, aim to reduce these road accidents caused by drowsiness drivers. This detection system provides a non-contact technique for judging various levels of driver alertness and facilitates early detection of a decline in alertness during driving. The presented results are based on a selection of drowsiness database, which covers almost 60 hours of driving data collection measurements. All the parameters extracted from vehicle parameter data are collected in a driving simulator. With all the features from a real vehicle, a SVM drowsiness detection model is constructed. After several improvements, the classification results showed a very good indication of drowsiness by using those systems.

Innerhalb des Vorhabens wurde ein ATHLET-CD-Eingabedatensatz für einen generischen deutschen DWR vom Typ KONVOI entwickelt. Das ATHLET-CD-Modell wurde für die Simulation schwerer Störfälle aus den Störfallkategorien Station Blackout (SBO) und Kühlmittelverluststörfällen mit kleinen Lecks (SBLOCA) eingesetzt. Dabei ist die vollständige Störfalltransiente für den Zeitbereich zwischen dem einleitenden Ereignis bis zum Versagen des Reaktordruckbehälters (RDB) abgedeckt und alle wesentli-chen Phänomene schwerer Störfällen werden abgebildet: Beginn der Kernaufheizung, Spaltproduktfrei-setzung, Aufschmelzen von Brennstoff- und Absorbermaterialien, Oxidationsprozesse mit Freisetzung von Wasserstoff, Verlagerung von geschmolzenem Material, Verlagerung in das untere Plenum, Schä-digung und Versagen des RDB. Das Modell wurde für die Analyse möglicher präventiver und mitigativer Notfallmaßnahmen für SBO und SBLOCA angewandt. Dafür wurden die Notfallmaßnahmen primärseitige Druckentlastung (PDE), primärseitiges Einspeisen mit mobilen Pumpensystemen sowie für SBLOCA das verzögerte Einspeisen der kaltseitigen Druckspeicher untersucht und die Eigenschaften und Einleitekriterien der Maßnahmen variiert. Es wurden die Zeitverläufe der Unfallszenarien analysiert und die verbleibenden Zeitspannen für die Einleitung zusätzlicher Maßnahmen ermittelt. Für ein SBO-Szenario mit PDE wurde für die Frühphase der Transiente (bis zum Beginn der Kernschmelze) eine Unsicherheits- und Sensititvitätsanalyse durchgeführt. Zusätzlich wurde für ein SBLOCA-Szenario ein Code-zu-Code-Vergleich zwischen ATHLET-CD und dem Störfallcode MELCOR erarbeitet.