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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Bisensitive interpenetrierende Polymernetzwerke für die Mikrofluidik

Krause, Andreas Torsten 22 August 2017 (has links)
Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Synthese und Charakterisierung bisensitiver Hydrogelsysteme für die Realisierung hoch leistungsfähiger chemischer Transistoren in der Mikrofluidik. Dabei wurden unterschiedliche (semi)interpenetrierende Polymernetzwerke auf Basis von N Isopropylacrylamid und Acrylsäure hergestellt und ihre Quelleigenschaften und mechanischen Stabilität bei unterschiedlichen Stimuli untersucht. Hierfür wurde die TANAKA-Kinetik modifiziert, um sie auf Proben unterschiedlicher Aspektverhältnisse anpassen zu können. Es zeigte sich der wechselseitige Einfluss der Teilnetzwerke auf die Quellgeschwindigkeit und Stabilität der (semi)interpenetrierende Polymernetzwerke. Durch eine Optimierung der Synthese konnten die Volumenänderungen der sensitiven Hydrogele gesteigert werden.
2

Implementing Impedance - Based Health Monitoring

Raju, Vinod 11 December 1997 (has links)
This work is an experimental study of applying an impedance-based health monitoring technique to complex structures. The work is presented in three parts. In the first part we consider effects of the following three factors on damage detection abilities: actuator excitation level, test wire length and ambient conditions (temperature, structural loading and vibration). It was concluded that increasing the applied voltage improves the signal to noise ratio and damage detection abilities. Test wire lengths under 30m do not affect damage detection abilities. The technique is able to distinguish and detect damage even with variations in temperature, structural loading and vibration. In the second part we apply our health monitoring technique to a complex truss structure and a massive steel steam header. We discovered that with multiplexing (acquiring a single signal from distributed actuators) the actuators on the truss structure we could detect damage but with less location information. Damage detection on the steel pipe ended in inconclusive results. The use of this technique on massive structures needs further investigation. Finally, we conducted a detailed experimental study of monitoring the integrity of composite-reinforced masonry structures. We developed a software package which enables even a casual user to determine if significant damage has occurred in these structures. The technique was successfully applied to detect damage (particularly due to delamination) in these composite-concrete structures. Most significantly, the technique was also able to detect damage well in advance of actual failure. This work relies mainly on frequency response plots and damage metric charts to present the data and to arrive at any conclusions. While frequency response plots give a qualitative approach to the analysis, damage metric charts attempt to quantify the data. / Master of Science
3

Nouveaux développements de matériaux électroactifs à base de polymères conducteurs électroniques : Vers une intégration dans des systèmes biomédicaux / New Developments in electroactive materials based on electronic conductive polymers : Towards integration into biomedical systems

Woehling, Vincent 04 May 2016 (has links)
Ces travaux de thèse s’intéressent à la conception et à la mise en forme d’actionneurs à base de polymères conducteurs électroniques dans l’optique d’une utilisation biomédicale. Actuellement, et alors que certaines problématiques récurrentes de légèreté, de flexibilité et de robustesse peuvent être résolues par ces actionneurs, des limitations restreignent encore leurs utilisations dans des dispositifs biomédicaux contrôlables.En premier lieu, nos matériaux composés de réseaux interpénétrés de polymères (RIP) poly (oxyde d’éthylène) (PEO), caoutchouc nitrile (NBR) et de polymère conducteur électronique (PCE) (poly (3,4-éthylènedioxythiophène)) (PEDOT), ont été étudiés en tant que capteur de déformation. Cette propriété est essentielle pour assurer un retour d’informations de nos systèmes dans des utilisations biomédicales exigeantes.Un troisième réseau de polymère à haut module, le polystyrène (PS), a été interpénétré au RIP PEO-NBR dans le but d’améliorer les forces générées par l’actionnement. Un matériau combinant des propriétés de conduction ionique (PEO), viscoélastiques (NBR) et vitreuses (PS) a alors été obtenu. La caractérisation approfondie de ce tri-RIP, l’incorporation du PCE ainsi que l’étude des performances en actionnement ont alors été réalisée.Dans la continuité et dans le cadre d’une collaboration avec le Pr J. Madden (Vancouver, Canada), le matériau ainsi synthétisé a été utilisé dans une mise en forme particulière de cathéter. Ainsi, un tube électroactif PEO-NBR-PS-PEDOT creux, souple, étirable, d’épaisseur homogène et contenant un gradient de rigidité a été réalisé afin de répondre aux différentes problématiques liées à cette géométrie.Enfin, la dernière partie a été dédiée à une mise en forme plus complexe et originale de notre matériau PEO-NBR. En collaboration avec le PERC (Auckland, N-Z), des tapis de microfibres élastomères électroactifs ont été élaborés par électrofilage. Ces matériaux poreux, étirables et robustes ont montré des changements de taille de pores réversibles dans différents électrolytes, y compris biologiquement compatibles. Des applications biomédicales de type filtre à porosité contrôlable ou la stimulation de cellules souches pourraient alors être envisagées. / This PhD work deal with the conception and shaping of actuators based electronic conductive polymers in the context of biomedical use. Currently, while some recurrent problems of lightness, flexibility and robustness can be resolved by these actuators, limitations still restrict their use in biomedical controllable devices.First, our materials composed of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and electronically conductive polymer (ECP) (poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) (PEDOT) have been studied as a strain sensor. This property is essential to ensure a feedback of our systems in demanding biomedical uses.A third high modulus polymer network, polystyrene (PS), was interpenetrated IPN PEO-NBR in order to improve the forces generated by the actuator. A material combining ionic conductive (PEO), viscoelastic (NBR) and vitreous (PS) properties has been obtained. The detailed characterization of this tri-IPN, the incorporation of the PCE and the study of air-operating performances were then carried out.In continuity and with the collaboration of Pr. J. Madden (Vancouver, Canada), the synthesized material has been used in a particular shaping of catheter. Thus, an electroactive, hollow, flexible, stretchable NBR-PEO-PS-PEDOT tube, with uniform thickness and containing a rigidity gradient has been created in order to solve the various problems associated with this geometry.The last part was dedicated to a more complex and original shaping of our PEO-NBR material. In collaboration with the PERC (Auckland, NZ), electroactive elastomer microfiber mats were prepared by electrospinning. These porous, stretchable and robust materials showed reversible pore size variations in various electrolytes, including biologically compatible. Biomedical applications as filters with controllable porosity or stem cells stimulation could be considered.
4

Reciprocity of linear systems with smart materials utilized for precise measurement techniques

Marschner, Uwe, Pfeifer, Günther, Starke, Eric 09 October 2019 (has links)
In electromechanical measurement techniques, passive transducers and passive electrical networks often interact. In some applications, continua are considered as part of the system, where fields are formed and waves are propagated. In this article, networks, continua, and electromechanical transducers feature sufficient amplitude linear behavior in their environment (e.g. for operation around a bias) and are reciprocal. In addition, all elements of the system have constant parameters during the measurement. Then, the skillful application of the inherent reciprocity of these systems can lead to surprisingly useful benefits. This is shown by actual examples from metrology. The examples include the precise determination of transduction coefficients. It is also shown how the linearity of a system is checked by utilizing reciprocityrelations. Although the facts of the matter are well known, its potential is often overlooked or disregarded in measurement techniques.

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