Chan, Sze Ling. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 145-156). / Abstracts in English and Chinese; some appendixes in Chinese. / Declaration of Originality --- p.i / Acknowledgements --- p.ii / Abstract --- p.iv / 摘要(Abstract in Traditional Chinese) --- p.vii / Table of Contents --- p.ix / Abbreviations --- p.xvi / List of Figures --- p.xviii / List of Tables --- p.xix / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Literature Review --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- What is neurogenic dysphagia? --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2 --- Prevalence of neurogenic dysphagia --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- The prevalence of dysphagia in stroke --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- The prevalence of dysphagia in dementias --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- The prevalence of dysphagia in PD --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- The prevalence of dysphagia in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.5 --- The prevalence of dysphagia in age-related changes --- p.5 / Chapter 1.3 --- Characteristics of neurogenic dysphagia --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Characteristics of dysphagia in stroke --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Characteristics of dysphagia in PD --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Characteristics of dysphagia in dementias --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Characteristics of dysphagia in age-related changes --- p.9 / Chapter 1. 4 --- Complications and prognosis of neurogenic dysphagia --- p.10 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Complications --- p.10 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Prognosis --- p.11 / Chapter 1.5 --- Managements of dysphagia --- p.13 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Treating the underlying diseases --- p.13 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Non-oral feeding --- p.13 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Swallowing therapies --- p.14 / Chapter 1.5.3.1. --- Compensatory strategies --- p.14 / Chapter 1.5.3.2 --- Direct strategies --- p.16 / Chapter 1.5.3.3 --- Indirect strategies --- p.17 / Chapter 1.5.4 --- Medications --- p.19 / Chapter 1.5.5 --- Surgical interventions --- p.19 / Chapter 1.6 --- Management of dysphagia in Chinese medicine --- p.20 / Chapter 1.6.1 --- "Diagnosis, mechanisms and locations of dysphagia in Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)" --- p.20 / Chapter 1.6.2 --- Use of acupoints in treating dysphagia in ancient Chinese medicine liteatures --- p.21 / Chapter 1.6.3 --- Use of acupuncture in treating dysphagia in recent Chinese medicine liteatures --- p.22 / Chapter 1.6.4 --- Reviews on the use of acupuncture in treating dysphagia --- p.25 / Chapter 1.7 --- Conslusion --- p.30 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Methodology --- p.31 / Chapter 2.1 --- Study design --- p.32 / Chapter 2.2 --- Hypotheses of this study --- p.32 / Chapter 2.3 --- Objectives of this study --- p.32 / Chapter 2.4 --- Ethics approval --- p.32 / Chapter 2.5 --- Qualification & experience of the acupuncturists --- p.33 / Chapter 2.6 --- Subjects --- p.33 / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Setting --- p.33 / Chapter 2.6.2 --- Inclusion criteria --- p.33 / Chapter 2.6.3 --- Exclusion criteria --- p.34 / Chapter 2.7 --- Method of randomization and blinding --- p.35 / Chapter 2.7.1 --- Experimental group and control group1 --- p.35 / Chapter 2.7.2 --- Control group2 --- p.36 / Chapter 2.8 --- Sample size --- p.36 / Chapter 2.9 --- Procedures --- p.37 / Chapter 2.9.1 --- Screening and recruitment of subjects --- p.37 / Chapter 2.9.2 --- Baseline --- p.37 / Chapter 2.9.2.1 --- Chinese medicine diagnoses --- p.37 / Chapter 2.9.2.2 --- Western medicine diagnoses --- p.40 / Chapter 2.9.2.3 --- Clinical bedside assessment --- p.40 / Chapter 2.9.2.4 --- Procedure of fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing --- p.41 / Chapter 2.9.3 --- Interventions --- p.43 / Chapter 2.9.3.1 --- Experimental group --- p.44 / Chapter 2.9.3.2 --- Control group1 --- p.53 / Chapter 2.9.3.3 --- Control group2 --- p.53 / Chapter 2.9.4 --- On completion of acupuncture treatments --- p.54 / Chapter 2.9.5 --- Follow-up assessment --- p.54 / Chapter 2.10 --- Adverse effects --- p.55 / Chapter 2.11 --- Outcome measures --- p.56 / Chapter 2.11.1 --- Primary outcome --- p.56 / Chapter 2.11.2 --- Secondary outcome --- p.58 / Chapter 2.11.3 --- Data collection --- p.59 / Chapter 2.12 --- Treatment compliance --- p.60 / Chapter 2.13 --- Statistical analysis --- p.60 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Results --- p.62 / Chapter 3.1 --- Baseline data --- p.63 / Chapter 3.2 --- Diagnoses --- p.67 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Western medicine diagnoses --- p.67 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Chinese medicine diagnoses --- p.71 / Chapter 3.3 --- Data of acupuncture treatments --- p.72 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Days of onset to the day of acupuncture treatment --- p.72 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Sessions of acupuncture completed by experimental group and control group1 --- p.73 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Follow-up compliance --- p.75 / Chapter 3.4 --- Primary outcome measures --- p.75 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- The Royal Brisbane Hospital Outcome Measure for Swallowing (RBHOMS) --- p.75 / Chapter 3.4.1.1 --- Correlations of diagnoses and RBHOMS --- p.80 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- The Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) --- p.81 / Chapter 3.5 --- Secondary outcome measures --- p.83 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- The food and fluid consistencies --- p.83 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- The body mass index (BMI) --- p.90 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Aspiration pneumonia --- p.92 / Chapter 3.5.4 --- Mortality rate --- p.93 / Chapter 3.6 --- Other outcomes --- p.94 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- Nasogastric tube feeding --- p.94 / Chapter 3.7 --- Adverse effects --- p.95 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Discussion --- p.99 / Chapter 4.1 --- The therapeutic effect and appropriate course of treatment of acupuncture on neurogenic dysphagia --- p.101 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- The therapeutic effect and long-term efficacy of acupuncture on neurogenic dysphagia --- p.101 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- The suggested course of acupuncture treatment --- p.117 / Chapter 4.2 --- The implications of the study --- p.119 / Chapter 4.3 --- The limitations of the study --- p.123 / Chapter 4.4 --- Conclusion and prospective for further study --- p.127 / Appendices --- p.128 / References --- p.145

Diss. (sammanfattning) Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

No description available.

Includes bibliographical references.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Fibromialgia é caracterizada por dor crônica músculo-esquelética difusa, distúrbio do sono, fadiga e humor depressivo ou ansiedade. Cinqüenta e oito mulheres com fibromialgia foram alocadas aleatoriamente e divididas em dois grupos: o primeiro (n=34), tratadas duas vezes por semana com acupuntura perfazendo total de 20 sessões, medicadas com antidepressivos tricíclico e utilizando caminhada, exercícios e relaxamento 2 vezes por semana. O segundo grupo (n=24) recebeu o mesmo tratamento exceto a acupuntura. A avaliação da dor foi realizada através da escala visual analógica (EVA), número de pontos dolorosos (NPD), do índice miálgico (IM) e um questionário SF36 para a qualidade de vida. As avaliações foram feitas antes, após, seis meses, um ano e dois anos depois da primeira avaliação. Foram realizadas por profissionais que desconheciam o grupo ao qual a paciente pertencia. No final das vinte sessões, as pacientes que receberam a acupuntura apresentaram melhora significante nas medidas de dor (EVA, NPD e IM) e em cinco sub-escalas do SF36 em relação ao grupo controle. Após seis meses o grupo de acupuntura apresentou resultado melhor do que o controle em relação ao NPD e ao IM e em uma sub-escala do SF36. Após um ano o grupo de acupuntura mostrou melhora sobre o grupo controle somente em uma sub-escala do SF36. Depois de dois anos do início do tratamento com acupuntura não houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos em todas as medidas pesquisadas. A associação da acupuntura ao tratamento usual para fibromialgia mostrou-se benéfica para dor e qualidade de vida, mas somente por três meses após o tratamento. / Fibromyalgia is characterized by chronic widespread pain, disturbed sleep, fatigue and psychological distress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acupuncture as a treatment for this condition. Fifty-eight women diagnosed with fibromyalgia were randomly allocated to two groups. One group received acupuncture (n=34) twice a week for 20 sessions in addition to tricyclic antidepressants and exercises. The control group (n=24) received only tricyclic antidepressants and exercises. Patients rated their pain intensity using a visual analogue scale (VAS). A blinded assessor evaluated the number of fibromyalgia tender points (TePsN) and the pressure pain threshold over the 18 fibromyalgia tender points (PPT18). The same assessor also evaluated quality of life (QoL) using SF-36. These evaluations were done prior to treatments, at the end of the 20 sessions, and again at six months, one year and two years after the first evaluation. At the end of the 20 sessions, patients who had received acupuncture were significantly better than those who had not in all measures of pain (VAS, TePsN, PPT18) and in five subscales of SF-36. After six months, the acupuncture group was significantly better than the control group in some measures of pain (TePsN and PPT18) and in one subscale of SF-36. After one year, the acupuncture group showed significant advantage in only one subscale of SF-36; at two years there were no significant differences between the two groups on all outcome measures. The addition of acupuncture to usual treatment for fibromyalgia is beneficial for pain and quality of life, but only in the first six months.

Fibromialgia é caracterizada por dor crônica músculo-esquelética difusa, distúrbio do sono, fadiga e humor depressivo ou ansiedade. Cinqüenta e oito mulheres com fibromialgia foram alocadas aleatoriamente e divididas em dois grupos: o primeiro (n=34), tratadas duas vezes por semana com acupuntura perfazendo total de 20 sessões, medicadas com antidepressivos tricíclico e utilizando caminhada, exercícios e relaxamento 2 vezes por semana. O segundo grupo (n=24) recebeu o mesmo tratamento exceto a acupuntura. A avaliação da dor foi realizada através da escala visual analógica (EVA), número de pontos dolorosos (NPD), do índice miálgico (IM) e um questionário SF36 para a qualidade de vida. As avaliações foram feitas antes, após, seis meses, um ano e dois anos depois da primeira avaliação. Foram realizadas por profissionais que desconheciam o grupo ao qual a paciente pertencia. No final das vinte sessões, as pacientes que receberam a acupuntura apresentaram melhora significante nas medidas de dor (EVA, NPD e IM) e em cinco sub-escalas do SF36 em relação ao grupo controle. Após seis meses o grupo de acupuntura apresentou resultado melhor do que o controle em relação ao NPD e ao IM e em uma sub-escala do SF36. Após um ano o grupo de acupuntura mostrou melhora sobre o grupo controle somente em uma sub-escala do SF36. Depois de dois anos do início do tratamento com acupuntura não houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos em todas as medidas pesquisadas. A associação da acupuntura ao tratamento usual para fibromialgia mostrou-se benéfica para dor e qualidade de vida, mas somente por três meses após o tratamento. / Fibromyalgia is characterized by chronic widespread pain, disturbed sleep, fatigue and psychological distress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of acupuncture as a treatment for this condition. Fifty-eight women diagnosed with fibromyalgia were randomly allocated to two groups. One group received acupuncture (n=34) twice a week for 20 sessions in addition to tricyclic antidepressants and exercises. The control group (n=24) received only tricyclic antidepressants and exercises. Patients rated their pain intensity using a visual analogue scale (VAS). A blinded assessor evaluated the number of fibromyalgia tender points (TePsN) and the pressure pain threshold over the 18 fibromyalgia tender points (PPT18). The same assessor also evaluated quality of life (QoL) using SF-36. These evaluations were done prior to treatments, at the end of the 20 sessions, and again at six months, one year and two years after the first evaluation. At the end of the 20 sessions, patients who had received acupuncture were significantly better than those who had not in all measures of pain (VAS, TePsN, PPT18) and in five subscales of SF-36. After six months, the acupuncture group was significantly better than the control group in some measures of pain (TePsN and PPT18) and in one subscale of SF-36. After one year, the acupuncture group showed significant advantage in only one subscale of SF-36; at two years there were no significant differences between the two groups on all outcome measures. The addition of acupuncture to usual treatment for fibromyalgia is beneficial for pain and quality of life, but only in the first six months.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2004. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Orientadores: Maria da Luz Rosario de Sousa, Fausto Bérzin / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T02:26:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Grillo_CassiaMaria_D.pdf: 1777209 bytes, checksum: 8cd71f39f86b30ba615d729c30b01c08 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: A dor orofacial crônica mais comum é a Disfunção Tempororomandibular (DTM), onde a limitação dos movimentos mandibulares dificulta atividades como comer, falar, bocejar e rir, com comprometimento no aspecto físico e psicológico dos indivíduos. Acupuntura tem como objetivo tratar o indivíduo como um todo, restabelecendo o equilíbrio físico e emocional, desta forma, pode ser uma opção de tratamento das DTMs. O splint é o tratamento conservador mais indicado para as DTM. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da acupuntura comparada ao splint em pacientes com DTM. A amostra foi de 40 mulheres, com DTM (Grupo I (Ia e Ib), de acordo com o RDC/TMD (Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders) e com o desequilíbrio energético predominância da Ascensão do Yang do Fígado, identificado pelo pulso carotídeo-radial (Renying e Cunkou), com idade entre 18 a 45 anos. Foram divididas aleatoriamente em 2 grupos: acupuntura (tratadas com acupuntura manual), e splint (tratadas com splint estabilizador). Avaliou-se o efeito dos tratamentos sobre a atividade elétrica nos músculos masseter superficial e temporal anterior, após o período de 4 semanas, através da atividade eletromiográfica (Root Mean Square ¿ RMS), do limiar de dor a pressão (LDP). Avaliou-se também o comprometimento psicossocial (dor crônica, depressão e somatização ¿ sintomas físicos não específicos incluindo e excluindo itens de dor), através do Eixo II do RDC/TMD. A intensidade de dor foi mensurada pela escala visual analógica (EVA) e a medida de abertura bucal foi avaliada através da medida interincisivos centrais com auxílio de uma régua milimetrada.. Todas as avaliações foram realizadas pré e pós-tratamento. Foi utilizado teste t para amostras pareadas (comparações intragrupos) e teste t para amostras independentes (comparações entre os grupos), com nível de 5% de significância. Acupuntura reduziu a intensidade de dor igual ao splint (p<0,0001), promoveu aumento na medida de abertura bucal (p<0,05), e aumento na média do LDP do masseter esquerdo (p<0,05). O RMS na posição de repouso do temporal anterior direito diminuiu no grupo splint (p<0,05). Observou-se melhora no grau de dor crônica em 53,3% das pacientes da acupuntura e em 60% do splint. Para depressão grau severo a melhora foi em 11,1% das pacientes da acupuntura e 50% do splint. As pacientes com somatização grau severo apresentaram melhora de 16,7% na acupuntura e 44,4% no splint. A Acupuntura reduziu a intensidade de dor igual ao splint e auxiliou na limitação da abertura bucal. Em ambos os grupos (acupuntura e splint) houve melhora dos aspectos psicossomáticos após curto período de tratamentos. Assim, acupuntura pode ser considerada uma estratégia de controle para a dor crônica relacionada à DTM / Abstract: Tempororomandibular Disorder (TMD) is the most common chronic orofacial pain, in which limitation of mandibular movements hinders activities such as eating, talking, yawning and laughing, impairing both physical and psychological aspects of individuals. Acupuncture aims to treat the individual as a whole by restoring physical and emotional balance, therefore, may be a treatment option for TMD. The splint is the most appropriate conservative treatment for TMD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of acupuncture compared with the splint in patients with TMD. The sample consisted of 40 women aged 18-45 years, with TMD (Group I (Ia and Ib), according to the RDC / TMD (Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders) and unbalanced energy predominance of Liver Yang Ascension, identified by carotid-radial pulse (Renying and Cunkou). Subjects were randomly divided into two groups:. acupuncture (treated with manual acupuncture), and splint (treated with stabilizing splint). After 4 weeks, the effects of treatments on electrical activity in the anterior temporal and superficial masseter muscles were evaluated by means of electromyographic activity (Root Mean Square - RMS). Pressure pain threshold (PPT) and psychosocial impairment (chronic pain, depression and somatization -. nonspecific physical symptoms including and excluding items of pain) were assessed by Axis II of the RDC / TMD; pain intensity was measured by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The extent of mouth opening was assessed by taking interincisor plane measurements with a millimetric ruler. All evaluations were performed pre- and post treatment. T-test was used for paired samples (intragroup comparisons) and t-test for independent samples (comparison between groups), with 5% level of significance. Acupuncture and the splint reduced pain intensity equally (p<0.0001), increased the extent of mouth opening (p<0,05), and the mean LDP of the left masseter (p<0.05). RMS in the rest position of the right anterior temporal decreased in the splint group (p<0.05). There was improvement in the degree of chronic pain in 53.3% of patients in the acupuncture and in 60% of splint group. Severe depression improved in 11.1% of acupuncture and 50% of splint patients. Severe somatization showed an improvement in16.7% of acupuncture and 44.4% of splint patients. Acupuncture reduced pain intensity to an extent equal to that of the splint, and helped limitation of mouth opening. Both acupuncture and splint groups showed improved psychosomatic aspects after short treatments. Thus, acupuncture can be considered a control strategy for chronic TMD-related pain / Doutorado / Saude Coletiva / Doutora em Odontologia