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Submitted by LEONEL DA FONTOURA MATTOSO NEGREIROS FARIA (leonelfaria@hotmail.com) on 2018-07-15T15:53:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EVIDÊNCIAS DE AJUSTES NO LANCE MÉDIO DE ADVERTISERS EM UMA AD EXCHANGE DADO A PERCEPÇÂO DE FRAUDE.pdf: 927107 bytes, checksum: fbf14b67a7c420c60157bbeed1c4cc49 (MD5) / Rejected by Thais Oliveira (thais.oliveira@fgv.br), reason: Boa tarde, Leonel, Para que possamos aprovar seu trabalho, serão necessárias as seguintes alterações: ´- O nome GETULIO, da capa, não tem acendo; - A Lista de Figuras, Tabelas e Sumário devem estar em páginas separadas; - Adicionar o número na página da Introdução. Por gentileza, alterar e submeter novamente. Para qualquer dúvida, entre em contato. Thais Oliveira - SRA mestradoprofissional@fgv.br - 3799-7764 on 2018-07-18T17:30:17Z (GMT) / Submitted by LEONEL DA FONTOURA MATTOSO NEGREIROS FARIA (leonelfaria@hotmail.com) on 2018-07-18T22:55:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EVIDÊNCIAS DE AJUSTES NO LANCE MÉDIO DE ADVERTISERS EM UMA AD EXCHANGE DADO A PERCEPÇÂO DE FRAUDE.pdf: 932254 bytes, checksum: d4565924757aebfd1ccca3560e3eccea (MD5) / Rejected by Thais Oliveira (thais.oliveira@fgv.br), reason: Boa tarde, Leonel, Conforme conversado, a Data da Aprovação deve estar em branco para que possamos aprovar. Por gentileza, alterar e submeter novamente. Obrigada! on 2018-07-19T16:35:52Z (GMT) / Submitted by LEONEL DA FONTOURA MATTOSO NEGREIROS FARIA (leonelfaria@hotmail.com) on 2018-07-20T00:45:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EVIDÊNCIAS DE AJUSTES NO LANCE MÉDIO DE ADVERTISERS EM UMA AD EXCHANGE DADO A PERCEPÇÂO DE FRAUDE.pdf: 930936 bytes, checksum: d20eac773c3509c258654a88ab69baf5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Thais Oliveira (thais.oliveira@fgv.br) on 2018-07-20T16:47:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EVIDÊNCIAS DE AJUSTES NO LANCE MÉDIO DE ADVERTISERS EM UMA AD EXCHANGE DADO A PERCEPÇÂO DE FRAUDE.pdf: 930936 bytes, checksum: d20eac773c3509c258654a88ab69baf5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzane Guimarães (suzane.guimaraes@fgv.br) on 2018-07-20T17:12:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EVIDÊNCIAS DE AJUSTES NO LANCE MÉDIO DE ADVERTISERS EM UMA AD EXCHANGE DADO A PERCEPÇÂO DE FRAUDE.pdf: 930936 bytes, checksum: d20eac773c3509c258654a88ab69baf5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-20T17:12:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EVIDÊNCIAS DE AJUSTES NO LANCE MÉDIO DE ADVERTISERS EM UMA AD EXCHANGE DADO A PERCEPÇÂO DE FRAUDE.pdf: 930936 bytes, checksum: d20eac773c3509c258654a88ab69baf5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-27 / Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar se lances médios de anunciantes sofrem algum impacto dado a um aumento na popularidade de termos de busca no Google referentes a fraude na indústria ou devido a notícias de casos de fraude. Para isto, são analisados dados mensais de Janeiro de 2014 a Janeiro de 2018 de lances médios de uma Ad Exchange, (construído a partir do valor faturado e volume de instalações do aplicativo fim), popularidade mensal de termos de busca no Google (Ad Fraud, Mobile Ad Fraud e Mobile Advertising) bem como datas de notícias sobre fraudes para encontrar evidências de que um aumento na popularidade do termo 'Ad Fraud' impacta negativamente no lance médio, um aumento no termo 'Mobile Advertising' impacta positivamente no lance médio, e uma notícia de fraude de 2016 também têm efeito negativo sobre o lance médio dos Advertisers. / This work checks for empirical evidence that Advertisers’ bids are impacted by fraud related search terms popularity in Google regarding the mobile advertising industry and by fraud related news. For this to be accomplished, monthly data from January 2014 to January 2018 from an Ad Exchange regarding Advertisers’ monthly bid (calculated based on spend and app installs) is gathered and compared with 'Ad fraud', 'Mobile Ad Fraud' and 'Mobile Advertising' search terms popularity in Google as well as fraud volume related news dates, to find evidence that an increase in 'Ad Fraud' term popularity has a negative impact in the average bid, an increase in 'Mobile Advertising' term popularity has a positive impact in the average bid and a 2016 fraud related news also has a negative impact in Advertisers average bid.

Wireless ad hoc networks have been emerged to support applications, in which it is required/desired to have wireless ommunications among a variety of devices without relying on any infrastructure or central managements. In ad hoc networks, wireless devices, simply called nodes, have limited transmission range. Therefore, each node can directly communicate with only those within its transmission range and requires other nodes to act as routers in order to communicate with out-of-range estinations. One of the fundamental operations in ad hoc networks is broadcasting, where a node sends a message to all other nodes in the network. This can be achieved through flooding, in which every node transmits the first copy of the received message. However, flooding can impose a large number of redundant transmissions, which can result in significant waste of constrained resources such as bandwidth and battery power. One of the contributions of this work is to propose efficient broadcast algorithms which can significantly reduce the number of redundant transmissions. We also consider some of the security issues of ad hoc networks. In particular, we carefully analyze the effect of the wormhole attack, which is one of the most severe threats against ad hoc networks. We also propose a countermeasure, which is an improvement over the existing timing-based solutions against the wormhole attack. Finally, in the last chapter, we propose novel point compression techniques which can be used in Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC). ECC can provide the same level of security as other public key cryptosystems (such as RSA) with substantially smaller key sizes. Smaller keys can result in smaller system parameters, bandwidth savings, faster implementations and lower power consumption. These advantages make ECC interesting for ad hoc networks with restricted devices. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of / Graduate

Skin and nasal bacterial dysbiosis is common in children with atopic dermatitis (AD). However, there is limited data of these bacterial changes in sub-Saharan children with AD. Therefore, this study investigated the bacterial alterations in skin and nasal bacterial communities in AD compared to healthy children in rural and urban South African settings. Staphylococcus aureus was more common in children with AD (cases) than healthy children (controls). S. aureus carriage was also associated with increased disease severity. Using spa typing, we also showed that cases and controls were colonised by distinct spa types. This led us to comprehensively explore genomic differences of S. aureus in cases and controls using whole-genome sequencing. Here, we showed that S. aureus strains from cases and controls had distinct genomic features, with cases harbouring genes associated with antibiotic resistance, DNA damage repair and virulence while controls had genes associated with adhesion. Recent reports indicate the potential role of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) in AD pathology. This study found that CoNS and S. aureus were commonly co-carried on nonlesional skin among cases (regardless of location) and anterior nares among urban cases than the control group. The carriage of S. capitis on nonlesional skin and anterior nares was positively associated with more severe disease in both rural and urban cases. 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing analysis revealed that bacterial diversity was higher on the nonlesional skin and anterior nares of controls. Bacterial community structure differed on lesional skin, nonlesional skin and anterior nares based on AD disease status. The relative abundance of Streptococcus, Granulicatela, Veillonella and Prevotella was high in lesional skin specimens, Anoxybacillus and Cutibacterium on nonlesional skin, and Staphylococcus, Veillonella and Sphingomonas in the anterior nares among cases Overall, the findings presented in this thesis indicate that S. aureus and other CoNS, particularly S. capitis, may predominate among cases and are associated with increased disease severity. However, the increased relative abundance of genera such as Streptococcus, especially among skin samples, indicates that other bacterial genera may be contributing to disease activity on lesional skin in AD than the traditionally reported Staphylococcus.

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Background: Online marketing tactics designed to have a minimized impact on consumer experience have emerged recently whereas native advertising is one concept. Native advertising is an approach designed to decrease interruptions in consumers’ online experience by matching the form and functions of the platform in which the advertisement appears. It occurs online, with the one characteristic in common that it should not disrupt or negatively affect consumer experience. The desire to minimize consumer disruption has led to that native advertising in its most effective nature can be difficult for the reader to identify, which leads to the discussion of whether the tactic is deceptive. It is found that ad disclosures are frequently the only thing that separates native ads from commercial content. Unexplored areas in the literature exist, which include if native ad disclosures can be made more efficient with the use of brand disclosures.  Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to investigate if brand disclosure in native advertisements affects consumers’ native ad recognition ability.  Method: Data was collected through an eye-tracking experiment, exploring if brand disclosures affect the native ad recognition ability. The experiment was created in Tobii Pro Lab which tracked participants’ real-time physiological reactions. Results were complemented with a questionnaire and data was analyzed in SPSS. The sample consisted of 60 students at Jönköping University.  Findings: The analysis illustrates that the experimental test group which received brand disclosures of high prominence showed an increased ability to recognize and identify native advertisements as promotional content compared to the control group. By implementing Mann-Whitney U tests and a Chi-Square test in order to test the hypotheses, results were found significant. The hypotheses were supported and could not be rejected, which resulted in the conclusion that brand disclosures increase the native ad recognition ability.

Thesis (MScEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / Please refer to full text for abstract.

An ad hoc network is a collection of wireless mobile nodes dynamically forming a temporary network without the use of any fixed network infrastructure or centralized administration. Due to the limitations in the wireless environment, it may be necessary for one mobile host to enlist the aid of other hosts in forwarding a packet to its destination. In order to enable communication within the network, a routing protocol is needed to discover routes between nodes. The primary goal of ad hoc network routing protocols is to establish routes between node pairs so that messages may be delivered reliably and in a timely manner. The basic access method in IEEE 802.11 ad hoc networks is the Distributed Coordination Function (DCF), which provides a fair medium access. Enhanced Distributed Coordination Function (EDCF) has been developed to provide service differentiation among different traffic flows. In this thesis, we investigate the performance of the EDCF with routing protocols / Direct Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) by simulations.

As roadside and in-vehicle sensors are deployed under the Connected Vehicle Research program (formerly known as Vehicle Infrastructure Integration initiative and Intellidrive), an increasing variety of traffic data is becoming available in real time. This real time traffic data is shared among vehicles and between vehicles and traffic management centers through wireless communication. This course of events creates an opportunity for mobile computing and online traffic simulations. However, online traffic simulations require faster than real time running speed with high simulation resolution, since the purpose of the simulations is to provide immediate future traffic forecast based on real time traffic data. However, simulating at high resolution is often too computationally intensive to process a large scale network on a single processor in real time. To mitigate this limitation an online ad hoc distributed simulation with optimistic execution is proposed in this study. The objective of this study is to develop an online traffic simulation system based on an ad hoc distributed simulation with optimistic execution. In this system, data collection, processing, and simulations are performed in a distributed fashion. Each individual simulator models the current traffic conditions of its local vicinity focusing only on its area of interest, without modeling other less relevant areas. Collectively, a central server coordinates the overall simulations with an optimistic execution technique and provides a predictive model of traffic conditions in large areas by combining simulations geographically spread over large areas. This distributed approach increases computing capacity of the entire system and speed of execution. The proposed model manages the distributed network, synchronizes the predictions among simulators, and resolves simulation output conflicts. Proper feedback allows each simulator to have accurate input data and eventually produce predictions close to reality. Such a system could provide both more up-to-date and robust predictions than that offered by centralized simulations within a single transportation management center. As these systems evolve, the online traffic predictions can be used in surface transportation management and travelers will benefit from more accurate and reliable traffic forecast.