In this work, I have studied whether if one can detect AD / HD in preschool. I have read some literature and searched on the Internet. I have also tried to get to interview people who are familiar with this topic, which has not been easy. I have questioned 13 persons if they would participate in an interview, but most have refused because they do not have time. I succeeded anyhow to get three persons, two special educators and a nurse on the BVC. Special Student teachers are working to put the various educational activities in the preschool / school when children are in need of assistance. Children nurse is working with children to look up at the controls as they come in and where they can see if there is something not as it should. The answer I came up with through the literature and interviews is that AD / HD is a neuro-psychiatric disability and is logically divided into three groups that they have to Impulsivity problems, over activity and attention problems. Special Student teachers tell of the symptoms / signs of AD / HD as the first notice are that the children with AD / HD have problems in concentrating in a task. What distinguishes boys from girls is that boys are more hyperactive and ports in more trouble than girls do. Girls are more reclusive and shy and have been easier to become depressed and anxious. It is difficult to detect AD / HD in preschool unless the kids have severe problems with attention, impulsivity and over activity  I also got answer to that one can detect AD / HD if you're looking for it, but it’s not the essential, the important is to support children with AD / HD in the learning and development. Special Student teachers talked a lot of work how to help children in preschool with various educational activities such as solid framework, transparency and daily schedules. They can also work in small groups but that is not always suitable for all children. Then we can bring the children who have problems at the front near the teacher in order to give praise and jacking.

This essay presents a case study regarding how some preschool teachers describe the diagnosis of AD/HD, and how they express their perception of children who show the symptoms associated with that diagnosis. We also wanted to study how the preschool teachers described their work with these children, and how the teachers responded to the children’s specific needs. The study draws on a qualitative study based on interviews with six preschool teachers in two municipalities in the Southern Stockholm region. All of the teachers had experience of children with an AD/HD diagnosis. Interviews were recorded and transcribed before analysis. The theoretical framework chosen for this essay is discourse analysis. We applied different parts of Fairclough’s and Foucault's methods of discourse analysis to clarify how language was used to describe children with AD/HD. The framework also allowed us to analyse how language may contribute to construct and maintain discourses about children with that diagnosis.  We could discern from the interviews with the preschool teachers that children with AD/HD were mainly described as problematic. Another conclusion is that although the teachers showed an awareness of gender issues when speaking of children generally, their choice of words when talking about children with AD/HD implied old stereotypical gender-based expectations. Finally, the preschool teachers described both advantages and disadvantages of diagnosing children, however, most of them emphasised a need for a diagnostic categorization to facilitate their work with these children.

Den här rapporten handlar om Azure AD Connect och Single/Simplified Sign On. Användare och kunder idag ställer större krav för enklare inloggning och en mer sömlös upplevelse för åtkomst till alla IT-tjänster. Microsoft har nyligen släppt verktyget Azure AD Connect för synkronisering av lösenord mellan Active Directory och molntjänsterna Office365, Azure och 1000-tal SaaS ”Software as a service” applikationer. TeamNorr IT-partner är ett IT företag som riktar in sig på att leverera Microsofts produkter till sina kunder och vill därför veta mer kring Azure AD Connect, vad som krävs och hur det konfigureras. Single Sign On har betydelsen att bara behöver logga in en gång för att sen slippa skriva in användare och lösenord för att komma åt de applikationer som har stöd för Single Sign On. Federerad domän är det som ger bäst och säkrast upplevelse med Single Sign On. Simplified Sign On gör att samma användarnamn och lösenord används för inloggning, ingen automatisk inloggning sker. Azure AD Connect är verktyget som installerar de roller som behövs för att köra Single Sign On eller Simplified Sign On. Som standard installeras en synkroniseringsmotor som ska hålla koll på att informationen om användarna/grupperna och lösenorden stämmer mellan det lokala Active Directory och Azure Active Directory eller den federerade domänen. Det synkroniseringsmotorn tar med när den synkroniserar bestäms av de regler som satts upp. Används lösningen med Password Sync så tillkommer inga extra roller. Väljs istället en Federerad domän så installeras 2 extra roller som heter Federation(AD FS) och Web Application Proxy(WAP). Rollerna sköter autentisering av användarna istället för Microsofts autentisering. På servrarna som hostar rollerna krävs en viss grundprestanda beroende på storlek av Active Directory och antal användare anslutna för att det ska fungera tillfredsställande. / This report covers Azure AD Connect and Single/Simplified Sign On. Users and customers today places greater demand for easier login method and seamless experience for reaching all services. Microsoft has recently released Azure AD Connect tool to help synchronize passwords between Active Directory and the cloud services Office 365/Azure and 1000s of Software as a service applications. Team Norr IT-partner is an IT company that focuses on delivering Microsoft products to thier customers and therefore wanted to know more about Azure AD Connect. How to configure the solution and what the set requirements are. Single Sign On means that you only need to sign in with password and login once and automatically get access the applications that support the technology without any more credentials.  By using a Federated domain users get the best and safest experience with Single Sign On. Simplified Sign On lets users use the same username and password to login with to all applications with support, but no automatic login. Azure AD Connect tool installs the roles that are needed to run a Single Sign On or Simplified Sign On. By default the synchronization engine will keep track of information about the users and groups. Passwords are also synchronized between on-premises Active Directory and Azure Active Directory or federation server. What the Synchronization engine takes is determined by the rules defined. Password Sync does not install any extra server roles. With the Federation path there will be extra roles installed called Federation (AD FS) and Web Application Proxy (WAP). They handle the authentication of users instead of the normal Microsoft authentication. There is some set requirement for the servers that host the roles depending on the size of Active Directory and numbers of users. The servers need a certain base performance for it to work properly.

Mobile collaborative work is a developing sub-area of Computer Supported Collaborative Work (CSCW). The future of this field will be marked by a significant increase in mobile device usage as a tool for co-workers to cooperate, collaborate and work on a shared workspace in real-time to produce artefacts such as diagrams, text and graphics regardless of their geographical locations. A real-time collaboration editor can utilise a centralised or a replicated architecture. In a centralised architecture, a central server holds the shared document as well as manages the various aspects of the collaboration, such as the document consistency, ordering of updates, resolving conflicts and the session membership. Every user's action needs to be propagated to the central server, and the server will apply it to the document to ensure it results in the intended document state. Alternatively, a decentralised or replicated architecture can be used where there is no central server to store the shared document. Every participating site contains a copy of the shared document (replica) to work on separately. Using this architecture, every user's action needs to be broadcast to all participating sites so each site can update their replicas accordingly. The replicated architecture is attractive for such applications, especially in wireless and ad-hoc networks, since it does not rely on a central server and a user can continue to work on his or her own local document replica even during disconnection period. However, in the absence of a dedicated server, the collaboration is managed by individual devices. This presents challenges to implement collaborative editors in a replicated architecture, especially in a mobile network which is characterised by limited resource reliability and availability. This thesis addresses challenges and requirements to implement group editors in wireless ad-hoc network environments where resources are scarce and the network is significantly less stable and less robust than wired fixed networks. The major contribution of this thesis is a proposed framework that comprises the proposed algorithms and techniques to allow each device to manage the important aspects of collaboration such as document consistency, conflict handling and resolution, session membership and document partitioning. Firstly, the proposed document consistency algorithm ensures the document replicas held by each device are kept consistent despite the concurrent updates by the collaboration participants while taking into account the limited resource of mobile devices and mobile networks. Secondly, the proposed conflict management technique provides users with conflict status and information so that users can handle and resolve conflicts appropriately. Thirdly, the proposed membership management algorithm ensures all participants receive all necessary updates and allows users to join a currently active collaboration session. Fourthly, the proposed document partitioning algorithm provides flexibility for users to work on selected parts of the document and reduces the resource consumption. Finally, a basic implementation of the framework is presented to show how it can support a real time collaboration scenario.

The number of electronic devices, equipped with a wireless interface has exploded over the last decades. Unfortunately, their usage is often restricted to the connection to a wired infrastructure, even for local communications. That is quite surprising as the research area of infrastructureless, or ad hoc, networks has flourished for years. The literature on ad hoc networks is very rich, but their usage almost inexistent. Potential users have plenty of solutions at hand, but do not exploit them. Even if ad hoc networks allow us to get rid of the infrastructure, they still require an implicit agreement on the solution to use. Nevertheless, it is very dicult to pick in the rich panel of protocols the best one, that would fit any ad hoc user in any ad hoc network. As an example, it has been demonstrated, for the routing, that each protocol has definite advantages and disadvantages, in every different scenario, and is well suited for certain situations. Yet, a salient feature of ad hoc networks is precisely that the panel of situations is very large. The ad hoc network conditions are influenced by the number of ad hoc users, their relative positions, their capabilities, their mobility pattern, the applications they use, the traffic load and type, and so forth. Moreover, the users may themselves be heterogeneous, with different hardware and software capabilities, mobile behaviour and communication needs. Hence, there is a particular need in ad hoc networking for flexible techniques. We contribute to this problem by studying the feasibility of overlay routing and giving some hints in that direction. We explain how the overlay members can avoid the expensive process of building an overlay topology, before using their customised routing application. The rationale exploits the broadcast nature of ad hoc networks, and is qualified as a Reactive Overlay Approach. We also detail an elementary reactive overlay routing application and test it, by simulations, in a variety of conditions, including the network and overlay densities. This performance study shows the feasibility and the efficiency of overlay routing applications developed according to the Reactive Overlay Approach. It also evidences the impact of using an appropriate value for the neighbourhood range, defined as the maximum number of hops between two overlay neighbours. Hence, we detail the critical neighbourhood range (CNR) problem, which, in short, consists in determining the minimum neighbourhood range value that generates a connected overlay. We solve it in the asymptotic case, i.e. when the number of nodes in the underlay or the size of the field tends to infinity. The mathematical results are interesting in the sense that they can be useful for a better understanding of the interaction between various typical characteristics of a connected overlay topology on an ad hoc network. However, the theoretical, asymptotic, CNR is not adequate in practice. We thus also explore heuristics for estimating the CNR. We present a simple protocol which estimates an appropriate neighbourhood range for overlay routing applications. For the purpose of its evaluation, we define general performance criteria based on overlay flooding. Namely, these are the delivery percentage, bandwidth consumption and time duration of flooding on the overlay. The main drawback of the Reactive Overlay Approach is the amount of bandwidth consumed during the flooding of overlay route requests. Hence, we also consider the Proactive Overlay Approach, which consists in building the overlay topology before the emission of any overlay broadcast message, and maintaining it. We compare the quality of various overlay topologies in the static case. We finally describe and evaluate the Overlay Topology Control (OTC) protocol, that maintains, in a mobile context, the overlay topology as close as possible to the overlay topology evaluated as the best. The main objection that would arise against overlay routing on ad hoc networks is that the ad hoc nodes do generally own poor resources and that overlay routing consumes them even more than native routing. The feasibility study we conducted with the reactive approach and the evaluation of OTC, designed in the context of the proactive overlay approach, confirm that the consumption of resources must be handled carefully. Nevertheless, they show that this problem is not insurmountable.

The purpose of the study is to examine different situations and behaviors for students diagnosed with AD / HD and see if there are times where their diagnosis will be extra visible. This will ultimately see how and where these children may need support in their daily lives, and about the support they receive is relevant to their needs. Questions I intend to examine: Are there situations for students throughout the school day in which ADHD diagnosis becomes extra visible? If so, what situations? How is the diagnosis in these situations? It is estimated that about 3-6 percent of school children have AD/HD. It causes difficulties with concentration as well as impulse and activity control. It's not a given that these students get the right support. This is a qualitative study using observations of two children to investigate whether there are situations where students' AD/HD will be extra visible. The results show that there are times when these behaviors clearly manifests during the school day, but also that there are some occasions when some behavior is not particularly noticeable. Some behaviors became evident during the free time during the day, while others became more visible during the controlled period. The result also shows that the times when behaviors are apparent, differs between the two observed the students. This emphasizes the importance to look to the specific needs of support for each individual.

Gemeinsamer Workshop von Universitaetsrechenzentrum und Professur Rechnernetze und verteilte Systeme der Fakultaet fuer Informatik der TU Chemnitz. Der Vortrag bietet eine kurze Einführung in die Welt der Ad-Hoc-Netzwerke.

Στη διπλωματική εργασία μελετάμε τη δυνατότητα συν-λειτουργίας των HAPs και των ad-hoc δικτύων. Μέσα από τη θεωρητική μελέτη και τις προσομοιώσεις προσπαθούμε να μελετήσουμε τις επιδόσεις ενός τέτοιου υβριδικού συστήματος, όσον αφορά τη δρομολόγηση και την αξιοπιστία στη μετάδοση της πληροφορίας. Αρχικά, προχωράμε σε μια θεωρητική μελέτη των στρατοσφαιρικών πλατφόρμων (HAPs) και των ad-hoc δικτύων. Αναφέρουμε δυνατότητες, τεχνολογίες και εφαρμογές των δύο αυτών τηλεπικοινωνιακών τύπων τεχνολογίας. Στη συνέχεια, παρουσιάζουμε το τηλεπικοινωνιακό σενάριο πάνω στο οποίο στηρίχθηκε η προσομοίωση και, τέλος, παρουσιάζουμε αναλυτικά τα αποτελέσματα που προέκυψαν από την πειραματική διαδικασία με μορφή πινάκων και διαγραμμάτων καθώς και τα συμπεράσματα στα οποία καταλήγουμε βάσει των μετρήσεών μας. / --

Submitted by Maria Creuza Silva (mariakreuza@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-10-02T18:47:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS MP PATRICIA LINS SILVA 2012.pdf: 705447 bytes, checksum: 11f9714ccf17802c577ac787e73526d1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Creuza Silva (mariakreuza@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-10-02T19:00:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS MP PATRICIA LINS SILVA 2012.pdf: 705447 bytes, checksum: 11f9714ccf17802c577ac787e73526d1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-02T19:00:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS MP PATRICIA LINS SILVA 2012.pdf: 705447 bytes, checksum: 11f9714ccf17802c577ac787e73526d1 (MD5) / O presente artigo tem por objetivo caracterizar a acessibilidade para mulheres usuárias de substâncias psicoativas em um CAPS ad a partir da percepção destas e de trabalhadores do serviço. Parte-se da hipótese de que as mulheres que fazem uso abusivo de drogas apresentam especificidades que nem sempre são atendidas pelos serviços de saúde, devido à existência de possíveis barreiras para acessá-los e obter os cuidados necessários. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, utilizando-se como procedimentos de pesquisa análise documental em prontuários e entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Recorreu-se à análise de conteúdo, com o agrupamento das informações nas seguintes categorias: barreiras socioeconômicas, geográficas, organizacionais e culturais. Os resultados encontrados evidenciaram a ocorrência de todos esses tipos de barreiras, dificultando a obtenção de cuidados de saúde no serviço no qual o estudo foi realizado e sugerindo, dessa forma, fragilidades na acessibilidade ao mesmo. Recomenda-se a realização de outros estudos, considerando-se a incorporação da perspectiva de gênero nos mesmos assim como nas práticas de atenção a usuários de álcool e outras drogas, com o objetivo de repensar e reavaliar estratégias que minimizem as barreiras existentes.

There is an urgent need for the development of new therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase-1A (Dyrk1a) is a protein kinase that phosphorylates the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and tau and thus represents a link between two key proteins involved in AD pathogenesis. Furthermore, Dyrk1a is upregulated in postmortem human brains, and high levels of Dyrk1a are associated with mental retardation. Here, we sought to determine the effects of Dyrk1 inhibition on AD-like pathology developed by 3xTg-AD mice, a widely used animal model of AD. We dosed 10-month-old 3xTg-AD and nontransgenic (NonTg) mice with a Dyrk1 inhibitor (Dyrk1-inh) or vehicle for eight weeks. During the last three weeks of treatment, we tested the mice in a battery of behavioral tests. The brains were then analyzed for the pathological markers of AD. We found that chronic Dyrk1 inhibition reversed cognitive deficits in 3xTg-AD mice. These effects were associated with a reduction in amyloid-beta (Ab) and tau pathology. Mechanistically, Dyrk1 inhibition reduced APP and insoluble tau phosphorylation. The reduction in APP phosphorylation increased its turnover and decreased Ab levels. These results suggest that targeting Dyrk1 could represent a new viable therapeutic approach for AD.