Os hormônios tireoidianos (HTs) participam de diversos processos biológicos por meio de ações que exercem na expressão de genes que codificam proteínas envolvidas no metabolismo, crescimento e desenvolvimento. O objetivo desse trabalho foi caracterizar ações genômicas e não genômicas dos HT no eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-adrenal. Detectamos nos ratos tireoidectomizados (Tx) uma redução do conteúdo de mRNA da POMC, em paralelo a um aumento de sua cauda poli(A) e de sua taxa de tradução. T3 em dose suprafisiológica por 30 minutos ou 5 dias promoveu aumento na expressão desse mRNA e o conteúdo proteico de POMC/ACTH permaneceu inalterado. A enzima PC1 teve sua expressão aumentada em ratos Tx, fato revertido pelo tratamento com T3. As enzimas esteroidogênicas e a corticosterona sérica não apresentaram diferenças nos grupos estudados in vivo, apesar da redução sérica de ACTH em animais Tx, porém SF1 teve sua expressão aumentada in vitro após tratamento com T3. Na cultura de hipófises, o TSH se mostrou capaz de aumentar AMPc e Ca2+ citosólico promovendo a secreção de ACTH. / Thyroid hormones (TH) participate in many biological processes promoting the expression of genes that encode proteins involved in the metabolism, growth and development. The aim of this study was to characterize genomic and non genomic actions of TH in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. We detected in thyroidectomized (Tx) rats a reduction of POMC mRNA content in parallel to an increase of its poli(A) tail and its translation rate. Supraphysiological doses of T3 for 30 minutes or 5 days injections increased the expression of this mRNA, although POMC/ACTH protein content remained unchanged. PC1 enzyme had its expression increased in Tx rats, which was reversed back to control levels after T3 treatment. Steroidogenic enzymes and serum corticosterone did not show any differences in the groups studied in vivo, despite the reduction of serum ACTH in Tx animals, but SF-1 had its in vitro expression increased after treatment with T3. In pituitary primary culture, TSH promoted increase in cAMP and cytosolic Ca2+ concentration stimulating ACTH secretion.

O preá (Galea spixii),é um roedor da família Caviidae que vive na Caatinga do Nordeste brasileiro e vêm sendo criados em cativeiro, para sua utilização como fonte alternativa de alimento, preservação da espécie e utilização como modelo biológico em pesquisas. Poucos trabalhos são focados no estudo detalhado da morfologia dos diferentes tipos celulares e expressão enzimática em cada uma das zonas do córtex adrenal, sobretudo em espécies de mamíferos silvestres. As glândulas adrenais fetais de 20 dias de gestação apresentaram córtex indiferenciado. O início de formação da zona fasciculada foi observado nos fetos de 25 dias de gestação e a zona reticulada surgiu nos fetos aos 40 dias de gestação. As zonas descritas anteriormente persistiram nos fetos aos 50 dias de gestação, nos animais de 15 e 30 dias pós-natais e nos animais púberes. A expressão das enzimas citocromo P450c17 e da citocromo b5 nas zonas glomerular, fasciculada e reticulada de embriões e fetos de preás não estão somente relacionadas à produção, respectivamente, de mineralocorticoides, glicocorticoides e esteroides sexuais, pois a citocromo b5 é responsável pela diferenciação cortical em diferentes fases de desenvolvimento da adrenal e a imunoexpressão da citocromo P450c17 na fase final da gestação estão relacionadas com o processo de maturação da glândula adrenal e podem estar relacionadas coma síntese de esteroides sexuais devido a proximidade da puberdade. A imunomarcação da enzima citocromo b5 nas células cromafins das medulas das adrenais de 50 dias de gestação e adulta, podem estar relacionadas à síntese de adrenalina e noradrenalina devido a fatores de estresse. O aumento da duração da gestação para 50 dias ou mais, pode estar relacionado com deficiências na síntese de cortisol/corticosterona pelas enzimas esteroidogênicas / The Spixs yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii), is a Caviidae family rodent living in the Brazilian Northeast Caatinga and have been bred in captivity for use as an alternative food source, species preservation and use as animal model research. Few studies are focused on a detailed study of the morphology and ultrastructure of different cell types and expression of enzyme in each of the zones of the adrenal cortex, particularly in wild mammalian species. The fetal adrenal glands 20 days of gestation showed undifferentiated cortex. The early formation of the zona fasciculata was observed in fetuses of 25 days of pregnancy and the reticulated area emerged in fetuses at 40 days of gestation. The areas described above persisted in fetuses at 50 days of gestation, animals at 15 and 30 postnatal days and pubertal animals. The expression of P450c17 enzyme cytochrome b5 and cytochrome in glomerular areas fasciculata and guinea pigs crosslinked embryos and fetuses are not only related to production, respectively, mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, sex steroids, as the cytochrome b5 is responsible for cortical differentiation different stages of development and adrenal cytochrome P450c17 immunoreactivity of the final stage of pregnancy are associated with the adrenal gland maturation process and may be associated with the synthesis of sex steroids due to the proximity of puberty. The immunostaining of the enzyme cytochrome b5 in the chromaffin cells of the adrenal marrow 50 days of gestation and adult, may be related to the synthesis of adrenaline and noradrenaline due to stress factors. The increased length of gestation for 50 days or more, may be related to impaired cortisol synthesis / corticosterone by steroidogenic enzymes

Abstract not available

Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Adelaide, 1952. / "November 1951." Includes bibliographical references.

O preá (Galea spixii),é um roedor da família Caviidae que vive na Caatinga do Nordeste brasileiro e vêm sendo criados em cativeiro, para sua utilização como fonte alternativa de alimento, preservação da espécie e utilização como modelo biológico em pesquisas. Poucos trabalhos são focados no estudo detalhado da morfologia dos diferentes tipos celulares e expressão enzimática em cada uma das zonas do córtex adrenal, sobretudo em espécies de mamíferos silvestres. As glândulas adrenais fetais de 20 dias de gestação apresentaram córtex indiferenciado. O início de formação da zona fasciculada foi observado nos fetos de 25 dias de gestação e a zona reticulada surgiu nos fetos aos 40 dias de gestação. As zonas descritas anteriormente persistiram nos fetos aos 50 dias de gestação, nos animais de 15 e 30 dias pós-natais e nos animais púberes. A expressão das enzimas citocromo P450c17 e da citocromo b5 nas zonas glomerular, fasciculada e reticulada de embriões e fetos de preás não estão somente relacionadas à produção, respectivamente, de mineralocorticoides, glicocorticoides e esteroides sexuais, pois a citocromo b5 é responsável pela diferenciação cortical em diferentes fases de desenvolvimento da adrenal e a imunoexpressão da citocromo P450c17 na fase final da gestação estão relacionadas com o processo de maturação da glândula adrenal e podem estar relacionadas coma síntese de esteroides sexuais devido a proximidade da puberdade. A imunomarcação da enzima citocromo b5 nas células cromafins das medulas das adrenais de 50 dias de gestação e adulta, podem estar relacionadas à síntese de adrenalina e noradrenalina devido a fatores de estresse. O aumento da duração da gestação para 50 dias ou mais, pode estar relacionado com deficiências na síntese de cortisol/corticosterona pelas enzimas esteroidogênicas / The Spixs yellow-toothed cavy (Galea spixii), is a Caviidae family rodent living in the Brazilian Northeast Caatinga and have been bred in captivity for use as an alternative food source, species preservation and use as animal model research. Few studies are focused on a detailed study of the morphology and ultrastructure of different cell types and expression of enzyme in each of the zones of the adrenal cortex, particularly in wild mammalian species. The fetal adrenal glands 20 days of gestation showed undifferentiated cortex. The early formation of the zona fasciculata was observed in fetuses of 25 days of pregnancy and the reticulated area emerged in fetuses at 40 days of gestation. The areas described above persisted in fetuses at 50 days of gestation, animals at 15 and 30 postnatal days and pubertal animals. The expression of P450c17 enzyme cytochrome b5 and cytochrome in glomerular areas fasciculata and guinea pigs crosslinked embryos and fetuses are not only related to production, respectively, mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, sex steroids, as the cytochrome b5 is responsible for cortical differentiation different stages of development and adrenal cytochrome P450c17 immunoreactivity of the final stage of pregnancy are associated with the adrenal gland maturation process and may be associated with the synthesis of sex steroids due to the proximity of puberty. The immunostaining of the enzyme cytochrome b5 in the chromaffin cells of the adrenal marrow 50 days of gestation and adult, may be related to the synthesis of adrenaline and noradrenaline due to stress factors. The increased length of gestation for 50 days or more, may be related to impaired cortisol synthesis / corticosterone by steroidogenic enzymes

The morphologic effects of estrogen withdrawal from an estrogen-dependent tumor were investigated using light and electron microscopy. Twenty-five male hooded rats received interscapular implants of an estrogen-induced, estrogen-dependent adrenocortical tumor as well as subcutaneous estrone pellets. The tumors were examined when they had reached one and two centimeters in size. The pellets were removed from a second group and the tumors examined when they had decreased to a minimum size. A third group received a second pellet after the tumor had regressed to a minimum size following removal of the first pellet. The primary tumors were characterized by plump, active-looking cells growing usually in a sheet-like pattern. The ultrastructural features of these tumors included large, bizarre mitochondria with tubular cristae, prominent polyribosomal aggregates and Golgi zones as well as fairly frequent centrioles. The regressing tumors consisted of smaller cells growing in a trabecular pattern and heavily infiltrated with eosinophils. The fine structure of the tumor cells consisted of small mitochondria with a dense matrix and a few irregular cristae. Myelin figures and residual bodies were present in significant numbers only in the regressing tumors while (primary)lysosomes were more frequent in the growing tumors. The tumors examined after reimplantation of estrone showed features of the primary growth tumors plus residual foci of regression. It thus appears that estrogen acts as a trophic factor for this experimental tumor much as it does for the uterus. Tumor cells can survive in its absence, but require it for growth. The ultrastructural expression of estrogen administration seen in this study is the proliferation of mitochondria as an energy source and polyribosomes for the production of proteins for endogenous consumption. The removal of estrogen results in a generalized reduction in cellular activity and an accumulation of the products of autophagy. Further work is required to tie in these results with the studies being done on the basic mechanisms of estrogen action at the level of molecular biology. / Medicine, Faculty of / Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of / Graduate

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第22352号 / 医博第4593号 / 新制||医||1042(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 稲垣 暢也, 教授 森田 智視, 教授 柳田 素子 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

Massive bilateral adrenal hemorrhage occurring in the postoperative period is an unusual but potentially life-threatening complication of any abdominal operation. The diagnosis is often difficult due to the nonspecific nature of the clinical presentation, which is easily attributable to other more common postoperative conditions. We report a case of bilateral adrenal hemorrhage resulting in acute primary adrenal insufficiency following an otherwise-uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which has not previously been described. An awareness of the possibility of this uncommon condition complicating laparoscopic cholecystectomy may lead to a higher index of suspicion, which is important in timely diagnosis and prompt treatment.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第19176号 / 医博第4018号 / 新制||医||1010(附属図書館) / 32168 / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 小川 修, 教授 柳田 素子, 教授 三森 経世 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

No description available.