The criminal law frameworks of countries that have been the subject of international peacekeeping operations and military interventions often reveal an urgent requirement for reform. Destabilised by conflict, existing frameworks may be discriminatory and inconsistent with international human rights and due process standards. New law may be imperative to promote the development of fair and effective justice systems, rule of law and transitions from conflict to peace. While the transplantation of readily-available law can be an appealing solution a fundamental concern for legislators is whether it represents a reasonable and effective mechanism for developing vital post-intervention criminal law reform. This thesis addresses this issue by examining the Interim Criminal Procedure Code 2004 and the Counter Narcotics Law 2005, two laws developed by legal transplantation in Afghanistan, the most recent example of a country where the international community is engaged in post-intervention criminal law reform. It does this by firstly developing a new evaluative test developed from an examination of theoretical perspectives on transplant feasibility. It then applies this test using quantitative data supported by original qualitative research from interviews with senior Afghan and international legal personnel. It finds that neither law has been successful. Their transplanted content and the processes of transplantation have reduced the extent to which they have been accepted and achieved their objectives and have increased their potential to be ‘lethal' transplants capable of promoting injustices, generating destabilising discontent and moderating rule of law promotion. This study questions the assumption that it should always be reasonable to develop post-intervention criminal law by means of legal transplantation. The reasonableness of relying on legal transplantation will depend on the sensitivity with which it is employed, requiring knowledge of legal transplant feasibility, local history and legal traditions and the prior application of the proposed evaluative test to assess potential receptivity.

En analys av Svenska Afghanistankommitténs tidskrift Afghanistan-nytt under åren då Sovjet ockuperade Afghanistan 1980-89. Syftet är då att med Afghanistan-nytt som utgångspunkt söka svar i frågorna om vilken bild kommittén ville förmedla till de svenska läsarna om utvecklingen i Afghanistan och det egna solidaritetsarbetet? Teorin diskuteras utifrån aktörerna bakom Afghanistan-nytt och deras koppling till maoismen. Resultatet av undersökningen påvisar att aktörerna bakom tidskriften gett sitt stöd till motståndsrörelsen i Afghanistan (Mujaheddin) som man benämner som frihetskämpar. Flera av redaktionsmedlemmarna var maoister som varit aktiva i bland annat FNL-rörelsen tidigare. De använde Afghanistan-nytt för att styra egna politiska agendor. De misslyckades dock i att få till samma reaktion bland opinionen som de hade med FNL-rörelsen.

Mémoire IEP : Science politique : Grenoble, IEP : 2007. / Séminaire : "Règlement pacifique des différends, recours à la force et prévention des conflits internationaux" dirigé par Karine Bannelier-Christakis. Titre provenant de la page de titre numérisée. Bibliogr. p. 109-114.

Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009. / Thesis Advisor(s): Simons, Anna. Second Reader: Johnson, Thomas H. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 26, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Afghan National Police (ANP), Counterinsurgency (COIN), Culture, Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (GIRoA), Taliban. Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-88). Also available in print.

Thesis (M.S. in Defense Analysis)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009. / Thesis Advisor(s): Freeman, Michael. Second Reader: Blanken, Leo. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 27, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Afghanistan, Opium, Insurgent, Taliban, Colombia, Plan Colombia, Coca, Drug trade. Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-70). Also available in print.

Not available / text

This study aims at finding out how it is to be a woman in two different realities. I have met adult women who were raised in Afghanistan and came to Sweden as refugees with their families. The aim is to see similarities and differences between being a woman in the two countries. Part of the aim is to see how the role as a female is reconstructed out of the influence from both Afghanistan and Sweden. To help me understand the result I used an intersectional perspective. I investigated into the hierarchy between men and women in the society and how the construction of gender and power can effect each other. The most outstanding result was how women took control over and stood up for themselves when they moved to Sweden.

This report explores the reasons why the Pakistan tribal areas have become a haven and hotbed of radicalism and the steps being taken to reestablish control and to promote peace and stability in the region. It begins with a brief overview of the recent history (1893 to Partition) of the Pakistan-Afghanistan border, followed by the political and cultural ramifications in the area due to the creation of Pakistan. Religion, tribal customs, socio-economic development and the unique political relationship between the FATA and the central government must be considered when forming policy recommendations and planning future engagements. The article concludes with an examination of recent initiatives by the U.S. and Pakistan to pacify the area, to include short term and long term strategies, and describes the ramifications of failure. / text

published_or_final_version / Political Science / Master / Master of Philosophy

No description available.