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Effectiveness of interventions to reduce workload in refuse collectorsKuijer, Petrus Paulus Franciscus Maria, January 1900 (has links)
Proefschrift Universiteit van Amsterdam. / Met bibliogr., lit. opg. - Met samenvatting in het Nederlands.
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Gevaarlike afval in huishoudelike afval : 'n gevallestudie / Rianca KruisKruis, Rianca January 2010 (has links)
Rapid population growth and urbanisation has resulted in a drastic increase in the
volume of waste produced by the World populace. The resulting pressure on the
country’s somewhat underdeveloped waste management infrastructure emphasizes the
need for waste management solutions which balance environmental protection with
economic sustainability.
Waste is seen as an unwanted or surplus by-product, emission or residue of any
process or activity which has been discarded, accumulated or stored for the purpose of
discarding or future processing. Hazardous waste is waste that may, by circumstance
of use, quantity, concentration or inherent physical, chemical or infectious
characteristics, cause ill-health or an increased mortality rate in humans, fauna and/or
flora. General waste on the other hand, is waste that does not pose an immediate
threat to human health or the environment. Currently household waste is considered
general waste even though it may contain hazardous components such as fluorescent
tubes and/or other household chemicals.
Promulgation of NEM: WA (no 59 of 2008) provides instruments for the implementation
of the steps taken by the Department of Environmental Affairs to improve waste
management in South Africa. Successful implementation and enforcement of the act
will place the country at the forefront of progressive international standards in waste
management. One of South Africa’s largest environmental and waste management
challenges remains the presence of historical, hazardous waste landfill sites.
Characterisation of the dangers that these sites pose to the environment is providing
extremely difficult and expensive, as is the ongoing maintenance and management of
these facilities – placing economic strain on national municipalities.
This study was done in two phases. The first related to the hazardous waste
components of household waste that is being dumped at landfill site and the methods of
classification, handling and dumping of hazardous waste have been investigated. All
the legislation was taken into consideration to see if the landfill sites comply with the
latest legislation. The second phase was a comparison between three landfill sites.
The management, work activities and general appearance of the sites have been
compared internally. Then a comparison have been done between the following landfill sites Kwaggasrand
landfill site in Tshwane, Weltevreden landfill site in Brakpan and an ideal landfill site
developed in accordance with the Minimum Requirements documents published by of
DEAT in 1998. / Thesis (M.Sc. (Geography and Environmental Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Gevaarlike afval in huishoudelike afval : 'n gevallestudie / Rianca KruisKruis, Rianca January 2010 (has links)
Rapid population growth and urbanisation has resulted in a drastic increase in the
volume of waste produced by the World populace. The resulting pressure on the
country’s somewhat underdeveloped waste management infrastructure emphasizes the
need for waste management solutions which balance environmental protection with
economic sustainability.
Waste is seen as an unwanted or surplus by-product, emission or residue of any
process or activity which has been discarded, accumulated or stored for the purpose of
discarding or future processing. Hazardous waste is waste that may, by circumstance
of use, quantity, concentration or inherent physical, chemical or infectious
characteristics, cause ill-health or an increased mortality rate in humans, fauna and/or
flora. General waste on the other hand, is waste that does not pose an immediate
threat to human health or the environment. Currently household waste is considered
general waste even though it may contain hazardous components such as fluorescent
tubes and/or other household chemicals.
Promulgation of NEM: WA (no 59 of 2008) provides instruments for the implementation
of the steps taken by the Department of Environmental Affairs to improve waste
management in South Africa. Successful implementation and enforcement of the act
will place the country at the forefront of progressive international standards in waste
management. One of South Africa’s largest environmental and waste management
challenges remains the presence of historical, hazardous waste landfill sites.
Characterisation of the dangers that these sites pose to the environment is providing
extremely difficult and expensive, as is the ongoing maintenance and management of
these facilities – placing economic strain on national municipalities.
This study was done in two phases. The first related to the hazardous waste
components of household waste that is being dumped at landfill site and the methods of
classification, handling and dumping of hazardous waste have been investigated. All
the legislation was taken into consideration to see if the landfill sites comply with the
latest legislation. The second phase was a comparison between three landfill sites.
The management, work activities and general appearance of the sites have been
compared internally. Then a comparison have been done between the following landfill sites Kwaggasrand
landfill site in Tshwane, Weltevreden landfill site in Brakpan and an ideal landfill site
developed in accordance with the Minimum Requirements documents published by of
DEAT in 1998. / Thesis (M.Sc. (Geography and Environmental Studies))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.
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Municipal solid waste management in the North West Province : governance strategies to address existing performance gaps and capacity constrains / Reece Cronjé AlbertsAlberts, Reece Cronjé January 2014 (has links)
In order to address the growing waste concerns facing South Africa, the Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA) published the National Waste Management Strategy in 2012. The ultimate aim of the strategy is to effect the realisation of the objectives of the National Environmental Management Waste Act (NEMWA). The NEMWA is a sector environmental law based on the waste management hierarchy and its provisions apply to waste management activities in all three government spheres amongst others. The NWMS provides for eight distinct goals with accompanying targets to be met by 2016. Some of these goals and targets speak directly to the solid waste management mandate of local government. Concerns about the capacity of municipalities to see the execution of this mandate however, raise questions about the likelihood of some NWMS goals and targets being met by 2016. The North West Province serves as a case in point where recent reports by the office of the Auditor General have highlighted significant non-compliance in local government with the provisions of the existing waste law and policy framework of South Africa. It appears form these reports that a number of performance gaps and capacity constraints exist as far as it concerns municipal solid waste management. Against this back ground the study questions the governance strategies necessary within the municipalities of the North West Province to: a) address the existing performance gaps and capacity constraints and b) progressively move towards meeting the NWMS goals and targets as far as it concerns solid waste management. The study will explore the objectives, goals and targets of the NWMS against the background of the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA) and NEMWA, with a specific focus on solid waste management. The study will further review the documented performance gaps and capacity constraints as a far as it concerns solid waste management in municipalities in the North West province, specifically. / M. Environmental Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Municipal solid waste management in the North West Province : governance strategies to address existing performance gaps and capacity constrains / Reece Cronjé AlbertsAlberts, Reece Cronjé January 2014 (has links)
In order to address the growing waste concerns facing South Africa, the Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA) published the National Waste Management Strategy in 2012. The ultimate aim of the strategy is to effect the realisation of the objectives of the National Environmental Management Waste Act (NEMWA). The NEMWA is a sector environmental law based on the waste management hierarchy and its provisions apply to waste management activities in all three government spheres amongst others. The NWMS provides for eight distinct goals with accompanying targets to be met by 2016. Some of these goals and targets speak directly to the solid waste management mandate of local government. Concerns about the capacity of municipalities to see the execution of this mandate however, raise questions about the likelihood of some NWMS goals and targets being met by 2016. The North West Province serves as a case in point where recent reports by the office of the Auditor General have highlighted significant non-compliance in local government with the provisions of the existing waste law and policy framework of South Africa. It appears form these reports that a number of performance gaps and capacity constraints exist as far as it concerns municipal solid waste management. Against this back ground the study questions the governance strategies necessary within the municipalities of the North West Province to: a) address the existing performance gaps and capacity constraints and b) progressively move towards meeting the NWMS goals and targets as far as it concerns solid waste management. The study will explore the objectives, goals and targets of the NWMS against the background of the National Environmental Management Act (NEMA) and NEMWA, with a specific focus on solid waste management. The study will further review the documented performance gaps and capacity constraints as a far as it concerns solid waste management in municipalities in the North West province, specifically. / M. Environmental Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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An analysis of the international and South African legal framework relating to outer space pollution / Dawid DupperDupper, Dawid January 2013 (has links)
Since the start of the space race in the 1950‟s the outer space environment has significantly changed due to human expansion and the subsequent by-products known as outer space pollution/debris. As outer space rapidly evolved from a military high-ground into a commercialised asset exploited by private and state owned enterprises, the treaties negotiated in the 1960‟s and 1970‟s quickly became out-dated. As a result outer space, especially the orbits around the Earth are occupied by countless masses of non-functional manmade objects, some expected to remain for millions of years. This dissertation argues that the current national and international legal framework will be inadequate to address the problem of outer space pollution and that legal and political action will be necessary on a global scale. With the planned developments as set out in the National Space Policy, South Africa is set on becoming a leading provider of outer space services on the African continent and will, as a consequence, have a progressively bigger impact on the outer space environment. With a growing dependence on outer space technologies, developed and developing economies around the world cannot ignore the immense negative consequences that outer space debris could pose to their development. This study will thus, by examining the international and national legal framework regarding outer space pollution, provide legal recommendations pertaining to the principles and obligations that the South African legal framework will have to make provision for, in order to minimise the negative effect on the outer space environment. / LLM (Environmental Law and Governance), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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An analysis of the international and South African legal framework relating to outer space pollution / Dawid DupperDupper, Dawid January 2013 (has links)
Since the start of the space race in the 1950‟s the outer space environment has significantly changed due to human expansion and the subsequent by-products known as outer space pollution/debris. As outer space rapidly evolved from a military high-ground into a commercialised asset exploited by private and state owned enterprises, the treaties negotiated in the 1960‟s and 1970‟s quickly became out-dated. As a result outer space, especially the orbits around the Earth are occupied by countless masses of non-functional manmade objects, some expected to remain for millions of years. This dissertation argues that the current national and international legal framework will be inadequate to address the problem of outer space pollution and that legal and political action will be necessary on a global scale. With the planned developments as set out in the National Space Policy, South Africa is set on becoming a leading provider of outer space services on the African continent and will, as a consequence, have a progressively bigger impact on the outer space environment. With a growing dependence on outer space technologies, developed and developing economies around the world cannot ignore the immense negative consequences that outer space debris could pose to their development. This study will thus, by examining the international and national legal framework regarding outer space pollution, provide legal recommendations pertaining to the principles and obligations that the South African legal framework will have to make provision for, in order to minimise the negative effect on the outer space environment. / LLM (Environmental Law and Governance), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014
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Herwinning as 'n kunsvorm : 'n ekofeministiese perspektiefBlok, Maria Magdalena 30 November 2002 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / This research deals with the artist's contribution towards the current
process of ecological purification through which mankind's attention
are brought to the destructive maintenance of the planet. The
alchemical artist uses purification as a means to make social
comments on the lifestyle of the contemporary person, through the
aestheticism of objects.
The different manifestations of ceo-feministic thought within
environmental activism are explored to make the reader aware of the
diversity of ceo-feministic thought. Eco-feminism in general, tries to
promote the importance of the earth as a life supporting system by
respecting her needs, cycles, energies and eco-systems. As a result of
this process, the public are invited to take part in recycle-art through
which a change in attitude towards purification and the survival of the
planet, are being accomplished / Art History, Visual Arts & Musicology / M.A. (Visual Arts)
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Herwinning as 'n kunsvorm : 'n ekofeministiese perspektiefBlok, Maria Magdalena 30 November 2002 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / This research deals with the artist's contribution towards the current
process of ecological purification through which mankind's attention
are brought to the destructive maintenance of the planet. The
alchemical artist uses purification as a means to make social
comments on the lifestyle of the contemporary person, through the
aestheticism of objects.
The different manifestations of ceo-feministic thought within
environmental activism are explored to make the reader aware of the
diversity of ceo-feministic thought. Eco-feminism in general, tries to
promote the importance of the earth as a life supporting system by
respecting her needs, cycles, energies and eco-systems. As a result of
this process, the public are invited to take part in recycle-art through
which a change in attitude towards purification and the survival of the
planet, are being accomplished / Art History, Visual Arts and Musicology / M.A. (Visual Arts)
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