The paper deals with possibilities of wireless charging and transmission of electric energy using inductive coils. Basic models of air coils are described using CST simulation software. The product consists of a transducer for transmitting coil, two coils with ferromagnetic shield, synchronous rectifier and battery charging circuit. Communication is provided by an 8-bit microcontroller with wireless modules and an ethernet shield for online monitoring. The aim of the thesis is to design a wireless charging station with a power transfer of 40 W with the possibility of online monitoring of the charging state.

By generating a synthetic CT image (sCT) directly from the MRI, the electron density can be calculated, and the CT examination can be excluded from the patient flow minimizing the risk of uncertainties in the registration. Basing the radiation treatment process solely on MR images is called MRI-only and is beneficial for the patient as it can provide more accurate radiation treatment than the standardised treatment with fewer CT examinations and possibly a more cost-effective radiation treatment process.  The conventional coils that are normally used in MRI for dose planning purpose cannot be placed directly on the patient as the outer body contour then can be deformed by these relatively heavy coils. The coils are therefore placed on a special holder which creates distance between the coil and the patient, this degrades the signal to noise ratio (SNR). The department for radiation treatment at Linköping University Hospital has access to a newly developed coil with so-called Air Technology. This type of coil is significantly lighter than the conventional ones and the idea is that this coil can be placed directly on the patient without causing deformation.  The aim of this project is to develop a software tool to validate an MRI-only workflow and to investigate if the radiation dose calculation based on sCT data differs from calculations based on CT data. Furthermore, to examine if the AIR coil has any effect on the body contour and the calculated dose.  For the evaluation of the AIR coil three similarity comparison methods were used, Hausdorff distance, Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and Surface DSC. The result for the Hausdorff distance showed that eight out of eleven comparisons were within 4 mm difference, this corresponded good with Surface DSC where eight out of eleven had a result over 99% at a 3 mm tolerance. DSC measures gave above 98.5% for nine out of eleven of the comparisons.  The investigation on whether the radiation dose calculation differed was done using the dose- volume histogram statistics in Eclipse. A method calculating the gamma index was implemented in MICE. The results showed that nine out of ten gamma indexes had deviations that were within the same range. An explanation for why the results of one patient were not within the same range as the others could not be found and needs further investigations.

O objetivo da presente pesquisa é analisar o desempenho termo-hidráulico do lado do ar de trocadores de calor tubo-aletados. Uma pesquisa da literatura foi executada em duas áreas diferentes: desempenho termo-hidráulico e seleção de superfície, feita por comparações de desempenho, para otimizar o projeto de trocadores de calor. O impulso principal da pesquisa esteve na avaliação experimental de dez serpentinas para investigar o efeito dos seguintes parâmetros sobre o desempenho do lado do ar: número de fileiras de tubos, densidade de aletas, superfície interna dos tubos e superfície da aleta (corrugada ou janelada). Os experimentos foram executados com água quente escoando internamente aos tubos em uma bancada de testes equipada com controladores que permitiram o controle exato e a medição das condições do ar e da água. As comparações com dados disponíveis na literatura para condições semelhantes revelaram que as tendências dos resultados presentes são coerentes e adequadas. Os resultados de transferência de calor e perda de carga da presente investigação não são adequadamente correlacionados por equações da literatura, sendo os desvios atribuíveis a diferenças na geometria das aletas. Finalmente, um procedimento de seleção de superfície para as aletas foi testado baseado em uma relação entre o índice de transferência de calor e a potência de bombeando. A superfície que obteve melhor desempenho entre as testadas foi a aleta janelada numa serpentina de quatro fileiras de tubos / The aim of the present research was to analyze the termo-hidraulic performance of the air side of plate-fin-and-tube heat exchangers. A literature survey has been carried out in two different areas: thermo-hidraulic performance and surface selection, done by performance comparisons, to optimize heat exchangers design. The main thrust of the research has been in the experimental evaluation of ten coils in order to investigate the effect of the following parameters over the air side performance: number of tube rows, fin density, tubes internal surface and surface fins (wavy or louvered). Experiments have been carried out with warm water as the tube fluid in a test bench with control capabilities which allowed the accurate control and measurement of air and water conditions. Comparisons with data available in the literature for similar conditions have revealed that the trends of the present results are consistent and adequate. Heat transfer and pressure drop results of the present investigation are not adequately correlated by equations from literature, deviations being attributable to differences in the geometry of the fins. Finally, a procedure for fin surface selection has been tested based on the ratio between the heat transfer rate and the pumping power. The best performing surface among the ones tested was the louver fin in a four tube row coil

O objetivo da presente pesquisa é analisar o desempenho termo-hidráulico do lado do ar de trocadores de calor tubo-aletados. Uma pesquisa da literatura foi executada em duas áreas diferentes: desempenho termo-hidráulico e seleção de superfície, feita por comparações de desempenho, para otimizar o projeto de trocadores de calor. O impulso principal da pesquisa esteve na avaliação experimental de dez serpentinas para investigar o efeito dos seguintes parâmetros sobre o desempenho do lado do ar: número de fileiras de tubos, densidade de aletas, superfície interna dos tubos e superfície da aleta (corrugada ou janelada). Os experimentos foram executados com água quente escoando internamente aos tubos em uma bancada de testes equipada com controladores que permitiram o controle exato e a medição das condições do ar e da água. As comparações com dados disponíveis na literatura para condições semelhantes revelaram que as tendências dos resultados presentes são coerentes e adequadas. Os resultados de transferência de calor e perda de carga da presente investigação não são adequadamente correlacionados por equações da literatura, sendo os desvios atribuíveis a diferenças na geometria das aletas. Finalmente, um procedimento de seleção de superfície para as aletas foi testado baseado em uma relação entre o índice de transferência de calor e a potência de bombeando. A superfície que obteve melhor desempenho entre as testadas foi a aleta janelada numa serpentina de quatro fileiras de tubos / The aim of the present research was to analyze the termo-hidraulic performance of the air side of plate-fin-and-tube heat exchangers. A literature survey has been carried out in two different areas: thermo-hidraulic performance and surface selection, done by performance comparisons, to optimize heat exchangers design. The main thrust of the research has been in the experimental evaluation of ten coils in order to investigate the effect of the following parameters over the air side performance: number of tube rows, fin density, tubes internal surface and surface fins (wavy or louvered). Experiments have been carried out with warm water as the tube fluid in a test bench with control capabilities which allowed the accurate control and measurement of air and water conditions. Comparisons with data available in the literature for similar conditions have revealed that the trends of the present results are consistent and adequate. Heat transfer and pressure drop results of the present investigation are not adequately correlated by equations from literature, deviations being attributable to differences in the geometry of the fins. Finally, a procedure for fin surface selection has been tested based on the ratio between the heat transfer rate and the pumping power. The best performing surface among the ones tested was the louver fin in a four tube row coil

The aim was to study the possibilities of wireless transmission from the stomach of ruminants and to design and implement wireless ruminal probe. The first part deals with the internal wireless probe. The next section describes and evaluates available ruminal probe. There is given its own equipment design in the other chapters. The probe was designed for power management and for working with harvestable ambient power. The frequency of 125 kHz with bipolar coding was chosen for wireless data transmission. Two air coils are used on both sides as antennas. The proposed probe was designed and wireless data transmission was tested.

The article describes how to produce energy necessary for sensor supply. These generators are used as a local source operating on vibratory principle. Mechanical vibrations that occur in moving machines, in nature etc. are used in order to gain required energy. So are kinesis principles and analysis employed in some of the avaible generators. It also contains patent and literary background research. Work is oriented to solving mechatronic perimeter, in the concrete micro - generator. Mechatronic perimeter piles from seat power control parts and mechanical parts, where common solving equation system leads to correct solving. Mentioned analyses be of consequence for usage optimization methods artificial intelligence. Optimization method are used on optimum solving proposal micro - generator. To inquest dynamism system was used program Simulink (part of MATLAB), generator is buckthorn for f = 17 [Hz] acceleration yam = 0,5g [ms-2]. As a algorithm is used SOMA – All to one.

In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Möglichkeiten zur Maximierung der Effizienz von stromregelnden DC/DC-Wandlern für den Betrieb von Hochleistungs-LEDs in PKW-und Motorrad-Beleuchtungseinrichtungen untersucht, mit dem Ziel, das Gewicht und den Energieverbrauch der Steuergeräte zu reduzieren und so zu dem stetigen Bestreben der Minimierung der Gesamtfahrzeugemissionen beizutragen. Dafür werden verschiedene, teils sequenziell aufbauende Maßnahmen in Topologie, Bauelementen, Dimensionierung und Betriebsart betrachtet. Eine grundlegende Herausforderung für die Auslegung der Schaltung stellt dabei deren universelle Verwendbarkeit als Gleichteil in einem großen Bereich an Ausgangsstrom und -spannung in den individuellen Scheinwerfersystemen der verschiedenen Fahrzeugderivate dar. Die Grundlage für die Verringerung der Verlustleistung bildet die Vereinfachung der Schaltreglertopologie hinsichtlich des Bauteilaufwands. Dies wird durch die Versorgung der Schaltung aus dem 48 V-Energiebordnetz und die Verwendung der Topologie des Tiefsetzstellers erreicht. Elementarer Anteil dieser Arbeit ist die Untersuchung der Wirksamkeit des Einsatzes neuartiger Galliumnitrid-Leistungsschalter (GaN-HEMTs) anstelle der konventionellen Silizium-MOSFETs, was zunächst an Hand von Berechnungen und schaltungstechnischen, parasitärbehafteten und zeitvarianten Simulationen durchgeführt wird. Bereits bei herkömmlichen Schaltfrequenzen und hartgeschaltetem Betrieb können signifikante Verbesserungen des Wirkungsgrades erreicht werden. Weitergehend wird der Nutzen der durch die GaN-Transistoren ermöglichten höheren Schaltfrequenzen eruiert. Die um bis zu Faktor 20 erhöhte Schaltfrequenz macht den Einsatz einer resonanten Betriebsart (Zero-Voltage-Switching) und einer Luftspule als Hauptinduktivität notwendig. Auf Steuergeräteebene kann somit die Verlustleistung auf unter ein Drittel reduziert werden, was zudem ein deutlich einfacheres und kompakteres Gehäuse ermöglicht, wodurch das Gesamtgewicht etwa halbiert werden kann. Abschließend wird die Schaltung in einem Prototypen praktisch umgesetzt und die Funktionsfähigkeit im ZVS-Betrieb bei Schaltfrequenzen von bis zu 10 MHz verifiziert. / This thesis deals with the research of possibilities for maximising efficiency of current-regulating DC/DC-Converters for driving high-power-LEDs in passenger-car- and motorcycle-lighting-devices. The ambition is to reduce weight and energy-consumption of the electronic-control-units, to contribute to reach the continuously decreasing target-values for vehicle-emissions. Therefor different approaches in topology, components, design and operating mode are considered. A key-challenge for the circuit-design is the common-part-strategy for usage in many individual vehicle-headlamp-systems with a wide range of output-current and LED-string-voltages. Basis for the reduction of power-losses is the simplification of the converters topology in terms of quantity of components. This is achieved by using the 48 V -vehicle-electrical-system as voltage-supply and a step-down-topology. Mainpart of this research is about the potential benefits of applying novel Galliumnitride High-electron-mobility-transistors (GaN-HEMTs) instead of silicon MOS-FETs. Initially this is done by calculations and parasitic-afflicted, timevariant circuit-simulations. Already in hardswitching operation under conventional switching-frequencies significant improvements in converter-efficiency can be achieved. Furthermore the advantages of higher switching-frequencies, offered by the GaN-transistors, are investigated. Up to 20 times higher switching-frequencies necessitate a resonant operating mode of the circuit (Zero-voltage-switching) and the use of an aircoil as main-inductor. On ECU-level power-losses can be reduced down to less than one third, which enables a more simplified and compact housing-concept, so that the overall weight can drop to about the half. Finally the designed circuit is build up in a prototype and the functional capability is verified in ZVS-mode with up to 10 MHz switching-frequency.