The concept of a value chain has assumed a dominant position in the strategic analysis of industries. However, the concept of linear value chain has recently become unsuitable as a tool to analyze some industries and to uncover many sources of value. The value grid approach allows firms to identify opportunities and threats in a more explicit way than with the traditional value chain model. Until now, there are still not many researchers working on the concept of value grid. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to exemplify the value grid model in airline industry with a case study of Scandinavian Airlines (SAS) and to illustrate its application, the provision of airline industry and content is explored to identify potential strategic implications for Scandinavian Airlines (SAS).

<p>In recent years, large efforts have been put on enhancing effectiveness in organizations. No resources are dispensable, and a dollar saved is a dollar earned. This is probably something that is rather easy to compute and control within the production sector. However, the service sector is another thing, how do we squeeze everything out of the resources in service organizations? This question caught our interest, and made us want to investigate the subject in the context of the airline business, and especially in its interaction with passengers.</p><p> </p><p>We have asked 100 respondents of their opinions of interaction with the airline when traveling by air – from the booking step to disembarking of the aircraft. The respondents were asked about what different attributes they thought were important in every step, and in relation how their real experience really was. By comparing these two factors, we can present the differences between desired and perceived levels of service quality, regarding the interaction with airlines.</p><p> </p><p>Six hypotheses were stated prior to our work. The results were rather expected, with a few exceptions. Our regression analysis told us that we could statistically verify almost everything we had assumed, but falsify parts of some hypotheses. For instance, friendliness in interaction is extremely appreciated throughout the entire process. How is that observed in reality and to who is that necessary? Read the study to find out.</p>

In recent years, large efforts have been put on enhancing effectiveness in organizations. No resources are dispensable, and a dollar saved is a dollar earned. This is probably something that is rather easy to compute and control within the production sector. However, the service sector is another thing, how do we squeeze everything out of the resources in service organizations? This question caught our interest, and made us want to investigate the subject in the context of the airline business, and especially in its interaction with passengers.   We have asked 100 respondents of their opinions of interaction with the airline when traveling by air – from the booking step to disembarking of the aircraft. The respondents were asked about what different attributes they thought were important in every step, and in relation how their real experience really was. By comparing these two factors, we can present the differences between desired and perceived levels of service quality, regarding the interaction with airlines.   Six hypotheses were stated prior to our work. The results were rather expected, with a few exceptions. Our regression analysis told us that we could statistically verify almost everything we had assumed, but falsify parts of some hypotheses. For instance, friendliness in interaction is extremely appreciated throughout the entire process. How is that observed in reality and to who is that necessary? Read the study to find out.

Background:              The environmental impacts of tourism have recently become a high-profile topic due to the increasing amount of attention devoted to issues such as climate change. The harmful effects of aviation, in particular, have led airline companies to adopt proactive sustainability agendas. In light of this, this study seeks to explore the extent of environmental awareness amongst consumers as well as the effects that corporate sustainability measures have on the decision-making process of air travelers. Purpose:                     The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether or not consumers value environmental responsibility within the airline industry and to determine the factors that influence the consumer decision-making process. Method:                      This thesis utilizes a mixed-method approach, with both quantitative and qualitative methods employed. Quantitative data was collected through a survey distributed online and to travelers at Göteborg Landvetter airport, with a total of 95 respondents. Additionally, an in-depth interview was conducted with Stefan Gössling, a prominent researcher within the field of tourism. Findings:                    The results of this thesis reveal relatively low awareness amongst consumers with regard to the environmental actions of airlines. Although consumers appear to have a general knowledge of the negative impacts of air travel, they are reluctant to alter their own flying behavior. Additionally, the results of the survey reveal that consumers are not yet familiar with the concept of eco-friendly flights or the sustainable options that are available to them when purchasing flight tickets.  Ultimately, when buying from airline companies, consumers place greater emphasis on other factors such as costs, services and the availability of desired routes.

This dissertation investigates the effect of market concentration on nonlinear pricing strategies in the airline industry. The study develops a theoretical nonlinear pricing model with both discrete product and consumer types to derive testable implications about the impact of market concentration on the structure of relative prices within a menu of prices. The analysis then uses a unique, airline ticket level data set to test the model predictions. The data set consists of a representative sample of airline tickets purchased between June and December 2004 from one major Computer Reservation System (CRS), for travel in the fourth quarter of the same year. The study restricts attention to 246 domestic routes in the United States, resulting in 878,169 tickets. This unique data set allows us to examine the effect of market structure conditions on relative prices within a menu of fare types with restrictive ticket characteristics. The analysis also contributes to the understanding of how the level of competition in a market affects the dispersion of airline prices. The results indicate that market concentration differentially impacts high versus low priced fares, as predicted by the theoretical model. More specifically, there is a decrease in the ratio of high- to low-quality fares as markets become more concentrated, after controlling for numerous factors that may affect prices through costs and market characteristics. The ratio of medium- to low-quality fares, however, increases with less competition. From a welfare perspective, it is interesting to observe that not all travelers are affected in the same way by a decrease in the level of competition. Business travelers, who purchase high priced fares, end up paying relatively lower prices in more concentrated markets while leisure travelers pay more.

The effect of liberalization and the great improvement of the internet using caused a huge impact in global airline industry which has brought more opportunities to airline¡¦s company but fallow with keen competition. Using China Airlines as research object by using a detailed case study method to analyze its changing of resources to achieve competitive advantage since the rapid changing of the environment and understand how China Airlines changes its worse resource become a superior resource to gain competitive advantage. Airlines firm resources can be conveniently classified into four categories: physical asset, intangible asset, human capital resources and orginazation capabilities. After the analyzing, this study found that firstly, after China Airlines no more a monopoly, its core resources turned into a weak resources comparing with competitor. Second, airlines industry¡¦s resources indeed changed or adjusted due to the changing of the environment. Third, the resources of airlines industry can be imitable and substitutabile easily. Therefore, human resource can be the most potential resource which establishes sustainable competitive advantage and make differentiation. Forth, all the resources of the airline¡¦s company are core resources however one resource itself is impossible to achieve sustainable competitive advantage, only the fit and the connection of the resources can become sustainable competitive advantage. Finally, unique history conditions help airline industry to gain more resources and become more advantage than competitor. Key words: Resource, Competitive advantage, Sustainable competitive advantage, Airline industry

The thesis introduces the airline industry and its interconnection with marketing on social medias. At the beginning, in the theoretical part, particularities of the industry explaining the necessity of any kind of marketing are stated. Definitions and categorization of social medias follow together with a detailed description of four of them which will be part of the later analysis. Characteristics of users are mentionned as well since they are highly important for the right segmentation and targeting. The practical part contains the analysis of usage of the chosen medias in marketing of the selected european airlines. It presents popularity of each airline and then it focuses on the most favourite ones with a purpose to reveal reasons of this favour. One chapter is dedicated to successful viral campaigns with recommendations for their formation. At the end, the thesis is summarized and the results of the analysis and suggestions for the future topic extension are added.

The writer purposes in this study to make a survey of the airline industry in the United States from 1940 through 1946. Various phases of the development and present status of air commerce are to be dealt with, including historical growth of the airline industry, the present significance of air transportation in the nation, the federal regulation of airplanes, problems and services involved in commercial air transportation, the operation of airlines, and the future of air transportation.

This research was conducted to analyse the crisis communication strategy used by Helios Airways after its Flight CY522 crash on 14 August 2005. The objective of the study was: • to examine the communication strategies Helios Airways chose and implemented in order to satisfy the enquiries of stakeholders who had different interests during the crisis. The pre-crisis background of Helios Airways; events related to the crash of Flight CY522, Boeing 737; and events after the crash were discussed. Owing to this, the single case study research approach was followed in conducting this study. Seven main issues emerge from the analysis of the data obtained. • the issue of the safety culture of the airline as discussed by the investigators of the crash; • the issue of compensation and handling of victims’ families; • the issue of the pressurisation defect of the aircraft identified the day before its flight which was not fixed; • the issue of the failure of the Boeing aircraft manufacturer to separate the signal which indicates take-off problems from that of pressurisation problems; • the issue of the government of Cyprus suspending flights after the crash; • the issue of the government of Cyprus Civil Aviation Authority granting a name change for Helios Airways to Ajet; and • the issue of the European Aviation Safety Agency in banning flights of Helios Airways. Denying responsibility, hedging responsibility, making amends, ingratiation and eliciting sympathy strategies were discussed inline with the crash of Helios Airways Flight CY522. Due to the pressurisation defect of the aircraft identified the day before its flight on the 14 August 2005, which was not fixed, the safety culture of the Airline had been perceived by the Cypriot public as low. This together with the delay of the compensation of the victims’ families and the confusing communication strategies, resulted in a negative public image of the Airline. The public insisted on the government of Cyprus banning the flight routes of Helios Airways. Due to those issues, Helios Airways was obliged to change its name to Ajet. However, even after the name change, the public did not accept Helios Airways as an airline of choice. Instead, they continued defaming Ajet in different media. Finally, Ajet ceased all operations and filed for bankruptcy. The major finding of this study is that Helios Airways did not have a crisis communication plan prepared in advance, and as a result, Helios Airways failed to communicate with its stakeholders, mainly the victims’ families and the media, by implementing a mix of inaccurate strategies without knowing exactly those stakeholders’ impact and degrees of involvement. There was no accurate correlation between the investigation progress and results, and the strategies. This can be substantiated from the niche width theory, which explains specialist airlines, as in Helios Airways, tend not to have crisis communication plans prepared in advance and as a result, lack consistency in messages. The general public, the civil aviation authority, and the government perceived the crash to have resulted from the failure of the Airways to fix the pressurisation problems that was identified the day before the crash. This clearly indicates the weakness of the communication strategies and the communication department of the Airways in identifying the perception of the public, and the media and their involvement, and then to align its strategies with the actual circumstances. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Communication Management / MCom / Unrestricted

nÃo hà / This work aims to answer questions regarding the Brazilian aviation market, and how it behaves in terms of oligopolistic competition. That is, there are some firms in this sector competing for the same market, thereby analyzing issues among these firms, you may indicate issues of efficiency in this sector. Using data on market share of each company, and the elasticity of the aviation industry for the year 2009, it was mixed reviews on possible mergers in the airline market in Brazil, giving in each profile that elasticity which would potentially bring a greater distortion for the sector. The methodology for this was the model PCAIDS (Proportionality-Calibrated Almost Ideal Demand System), proposed by Epstein and Rubinfeld (2002) that simulates the merger of two companies in an oligopolistic market, and has an advantage of requiring fewer parameters to your pet than other methodologies. The findings suggest that the merger of GOL TAM will bring a higher price increases than other combinations that were made to give some scenarios that were tested. / Este trabalho visa responder questÃes referentes ao mercado de aviaÃÃo brasileiro e verificar como este se comporta em termos de concorrÃncia oligopolista. Ou seja, existem algumas firmas, neste setor, disputando o mesmo mercado, com isso, analisando questÃes entre essas firmas, à possÃvel indicar questÃes de eficiÃncia neste setor. Utilizando dados sobre a parcela de mercado de cada empresa, e as elasticidades do setor de aviaÃÃo para o ano de 2009, foram feitas vÃrias anÃlises sobre possÃveis fusÃes no mercado aÃreo brasileiro, indicando em cada perfil de elasticidade qual seria a que potencialmente traria uma maior distorÃÃo para o setor. A metodologia para tal processo foi o modelo PCAIDS (Proportionality-Calibrated Almost Ideal Demand System), proposto por Epstein e Rubinfeld (2002), que simula a fusÃo de duas empresas em um mercado oligopolizado, e possui uma vantagem de exigir menos parÃmetros para a sua estimaÃÃo do que as outras metodologias. As conclusÃes apontam que a fusÃo da empresa GOL com a TAM trarà uma maior elevaÃÃo de preÃos do que se outras combinaÃÃes fossem feitas para alguns cenÃrios de elasticidade que foram testados.