[pt] Este trabalho apresenta um estudo técnico experimental sobre a utilização de borracha moída de pneu (BMP) como adição, juntamente com cimento Portland à brita graduada simples (BGS), no intuito de avaliar a aplicabilidade desse material em camadas de base de pavimentos rodoviários. Como resultado obtémse uma BGTC - Brita graduada tratada com cimento, com adição de BMP. O principal objetivo da adição de borracha na BGTC é reduzir o fissuramento, que é um problema comum em bases cimentadas. Para melhor comparação dos resultados das misturas com adições de borracha foi realizada uma mistura de BGTC sem adições, a qual foi tratada como mistura padrão neste estudo, com 3 por cento, 4 por cento e 5 por cento de cimento. O agregado granítico selecionado para esta pesquisa é proveniente de jazida situada no município de Cariacica/ES e foi escolhido por ter apresentado bom desempenho nos ensaios de caracterização. A partir da análise granulométrica realizada na borracha, selecionou-se para esse estudo a fração passante na peneira de 2,38mm e retida na peneira de 1,19 mm. Foram estuadas as seguintes porcentagens de adição de BMP: 0,5 por cento, 1,0 por cento, 1,5 por cento, 2,5 por cento, 3,5 por cento e 4,5 por cento. As amostras foram submetidas a ensaios de compactação, compressão simples, compressão diametral, triaxial de cargas repetidas e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os ensaios de compressão simples foram realizados com tempos de cura de 7, 28 e 56 dias. Os ensaios de compressão diametral foram realizados com tempos de cura de 28 e 56 dias. Os ensaios triaxiais de carga repetida foram realizados com tempo de cura de 56 dias. Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios, sendo dependentes do teor de BMP utilizados e do tempo de cura. Dentre as composições de BMP estudadas, a que apresentou o melhor comportamento foi a que possuia adição de 1,5 por cento de borracha e 56 dias de cura. Esta adição apesar de reduzir a RCS e a RTCD em 30 por cento e 28 por cento respectivamente, proporcionou melhoria no comportamento resiliente e menor perda de resistência na região pós pico perante o ensaio de RCS. Tal fato ressalta o emprego positivo de borracha de pneu triturada em camadas de base de pavimentos rodoviários, tanto sob a ótica da engenharia de pavimentos quanto em relação a questões ambientais e econômicas. / [en] This work presents a technical and experimental study on the use of tire rubber as an addition, together with Portland cement, to a simple graded gravel, in order to evaluate the applicability of this material in the base layers of road pavements. As a result, cement-treated graded gravel with the addition of rubber is obtained. The main objective of the addition of rubber is to reduce cracking, which is a common problem in cemented bases. A standard mixture of cement-treated graded gravel was carried out for better comparison between the mixtures with additions of 3 percent, 4 percent and 5 percent of cement. The granitic aggregate selected for this research came from the municipality of Cariacica/ES and was selected because it presented an appropriate performance in the characterization tests. From the granulometric analysis performed on this material, the fraction passing the sieve 2,38 mm and retained in the sieve 1,19 mm, was selected for this study. In this study were selected 0,5 percent, 1,0 percent, 1,5 percent, 2,5 percent, 3,5 percent and 4,5 percent additions of rubber. The blends were subjected to compaction, direct compression, split tensile, cyclic triaxial and scanning electron microscope tests. Direct compression tests were performed with cure times of 7, 28 and 56 days. Split tensile tests were performed with curing time of 28 and 56 days. Cyclic triaxial tests were performed with curing time os 56 days. The results were satisfactory, being dependent on the content of rubber and the curing time. Among the blends that were analyzed, 1,5 percent of addition and 56 days of curing time leaded to the best results. Despite the reduction of 30 percent and 28 percent in the compression and tensile resistances, this amount of rubber addition provided a better resilient behavior and a higher post pick resistance in the compression test. This fact highlights the positive use of tire rubber in pavement base layers, not only from the standpoint of pavement engineering, but promoting gains of sustainability and economy as well.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:09:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3971695 bytes, checksum: 7164e4a06c778dc9c0e90c74de8e25d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-09-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The generation of residues by the footwear s industry, especially E.V.A. residues (Ethilene Vinil Acetate), is calling specialist s attention for the elaboration of researches that make possible to recycle these residues for the Civil Construction Industry. It is known that such residues have as characteristics: low specific mass, good acoustic and thermal behavior, stability, inert, not susceptible to fungi, besides having good potential to be used as a of synthetic attaché for elaboration of light composites, being a substitute for part of the natural aggregates. This work presents results of a research about the use of these residues as a light aggregate for the fabrication of masonry blocks designated to the Civil Construction, using an alternative material and a new geometry (EVANG Block). The objective was to develop a new masonry block with increased dimensions, if compared to the traditional sizes, to be used as an alternative masonry reusing industrial residues, preserving the environment, considering its characteristics and the manual process of manufacture with a steel mold specified at the experiments. The results show that the block, with dimensions of 59,0 cm x 26,5 cm x 11,5 cm (determined by a modulated pattern of construction), is highly flexible with an average strength of 0,82 MPa, using 80% of residues on its composition to replace the natural aggregates. Therefore, it may be told that there are important contributions in this research, showing its technical viability: the possibility to recycle an industrial residue, the reduction of the need of natural aggregates and the increase of productivity for the masonry walls at the buildings / A geração de resíduos de E.V.A. (Etileno Acetato de Vinila) pela indústria calçadista tem se constituído num problema para o setor e, ao mesmo tempo, tem despertado a atenção de pesquisadores para a reciclagem desses resíduos pela construção civil. Sabe-se que tais resíduos têm baixa massa específica e características termo-acústicas favoráveis, não são susceptíveis a fungos e têm grande potencial, para serem empregados como agregados artificiais sintéticos, em substituição aos naturais, na elaboração de compósitos cimentícios. Neste trabalho, apresentam-se os resultados de uma ampla investigação sobre a utilização desse resíduo como agregado leve na confecção de vedações na construção civil, utilizando um bloco não convencional com nova geometria (bloco EVANG). O objetivo foi projetar um novo bloco de vedação com novas geometrias, diferentes dos convencionais para se utilizar como elemento de vedação alternativo aproveitando os resíduos industriais, preservando o meio ambiente, considerando as peculiaridades do compósito utilizado e o processo manual de confecção dos mesmos em forma metálica, estabelecido nos experimentos. Os resultados demonstraram que o bloco projetado, que resultou nas dimensões: 59,0 cm x 26,5 cm x 11,5 cm (conforme estudo de modulação), possui uma boa característica de ductilidade com resistênc ia média de 0,82 MPa, utilizando 80% de resíduo de E.V.A. em substituição aos agregados naturais. Portanto pode-se dizer que há contribuições importantes neste estudo, viabilizando tecnicamente a reciclagem de um resíduo, a redução do consumo de agregados naturais e o aumento na produtividade na execução de alvenarias nas construções Alvenarias; Blocos; E.V.A.; Materiais não convencionais; Reciclagem; Resíduos Industriais.

Submitted by Geyciane Santos (geyciane_thamires@hotmail.com) on 2015-09-30T15:03:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Luciano Moreira de Sousa Neto.pdf: 29845322 bytes, checksum: d7781fb07ffa9fee00b00aa4bd8a416f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-09-30T18:57:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Luciano Moreira de Sousa Neto.pdf: 29845322 bytes, checksum: d7781fb07ffa9fee00b00aa4bd8a416f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-09-30T19:01:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Luciano Moreira de Sousa Neto.pdf: 29845322 bytes, checksum: d7781fb07ffa9fee00b00aa4bd8a416f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-30T19:01:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Luciano Moreira de Sousa Neto.pdf: 29845322 bytes, checksum: d7781fb07ffa9fee00b00aa4bd8a416f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-21 / Não Informada / High performance concrete, in addition to high strength, has lower permeability and higher durability. The self-compacting concrete reduces the need for densification and scattering and facilitates concreting of slender pieces. The combination of these two concrete on one allows the linking of the qualities of both. In the construction industry, concrete production has potential to reuse some kinds of residues. In this work, the residue of industrial glass was used as mineral additive in the combined production of high performance concrete and self-compacting concrete. The residue of industrial glass, after the grinding process, was added to the concrete with the aim to evaluate its properties in fresh and hardened state. It was possible to evaluate and compare the performance of industrial waste glass with silica fume. Following the experimental program, the materials were characterized and Marsh Funnel tests and minicone of Kantro were performed with the superplasticizer MC-PowerFlow 1102. The optimum dosage of superplasticizer was evaluated in fresh concrete tests. Concrete were produced and characterized in fresh and hardened states. For characterization of concrete in the fresh state, the following tests were used: slump flow, T500, L box, funnel method V and segregation column method. For characterization of concrete in the hardened state, the following tests were performed: axial compression tests, traction by diametrical compression, static modulus of elasticity and water absorption by immersion. Concrete with the addition of waste ground glass hit resistance close to 67 MPa at 90 days, while the concrete with addition of silica fume hit resistance close to 88 MPa at the same age. As the concrete produced with addition of industrial waste glass obtained swift technical skills of high performance concrete and selfcompacting concrete, the results of this research were considered satisfactory. / O concreto de alto desempenho, além de alta resistência, tem baixa permeabilidade e maior durabilidade. O concreto autoadensável reduz a necessidade de adensamento e espalhamento e facilita a concretagem de peças esbeltas. A combinação desses dois concretos em um só permite a junção das qualidades de ambos. Na indústria da construção civil, a produção de concreto é um celeiro potencial para reutilizar alguns tipos de resíduos. Neste trabalho, o resíduo de vidro industrial foi usado como aditivo mineral na produção combinada de concreto de alto desempenho e autoadensável. O resíduo de vidro industrial, após o processo de moagem, foi adicionado ao concreto, com o objetivo de avaliar as suas propriedades no estado fresco e endurecido. Foi possível avaliar e comparar o desempenho do resíduo de vidro industrial com a sílica ativa. Seguindo o programa experimental, os materiais foram caracterizados e ensaios de funil de Marsh e minicone de Kantro foram realizados com o superplastificante MC-PowerFlow 1102. A dosagem ótima do superplastificante foi avaliada em ensaios de concreto fresco. Os concretos foram produzidos e caracterizados nos estados fresco e endurecido. Para a caracterização do concreto no estado fresco, foram realizados os seguintes ensaios: slump flow, T500, caixa L, método de funil V e método da coluna de segregação. Para a caracterização do concreto no estado endurecido, foram realizados os seguintes ensaios: ensaio de compressão axial, tração por compressão diametral, determinação do módulo de compressão estático de elasticidade e determinação de absorção de água por imersão. O concreto com a adição de resíduo de vidro moído atingiu resistência próxima de 67 MPa aos 90 dias, enquanto o concreto com a adição de sílica ativa atingiu resistência próxima de 88 MPa na mesma idade. Como o concreto produzido com adição de resíduos de vidro industrial obteve qualidades técnicas de concreto de alto desempenho e de concreto autoadensável, os resultados desta pesquisa foram considerados satisfatórios.

The diploma thesis deals with study of behavior of fibrous organic insulants under greatly reduced pressure (even to vacuum). Development, production and durability of vacuum insulating panels are described in the theoretical part as well as principles of heat transfer. Method for production of core of VIP, created using waste fibers from textile industry and agriculture, is described in the practical part. Verification of behavior during normal and reduced pressure (even to vacuum) was carried out on experimentally made core insulants.

No description available.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-11-23T13:21:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Francisco de Assis Ver?osa Amorim.pdf: 5628732 bytes, checksum: d364ebc6a63abdbee270f31843fb3d0a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-23T13:21:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Francisco de Assis Ver?osa Amorim.pdf: 5628732 bytes, checksum: d364ebc6a63abdbee270f31843fb3d0a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-21 / Within this study, we aimed the participation of students on thirth year of Agriculture Course in order to awaken, them and through them, the interest of the community surrounding Federal Agrotechnical School of Satuba/AL for the use of alternative materials, available at this micro-region, for construction of rural breeding of family subsistence, through alternative techniques of rustic construction, using " knowledge development " and "design methodology". Faced with this challenge, the work was organized in four stages. At first stage, there was the involvement of students through a questionnaire about the possibility of using alternative materials for rural construction, such as fibers, palm leaves, polypropylene fiber raffia bags, old tires, PET, clay, etc., followed by the presentation of examples of rustic buildings and facilities for housing animals, reported in the literature, on the Internet and orally among the inhabitants of Satuba micro-region. In the second stage, we seek "knowledge development? based on the construction of diverse animal facilities for family subsistence production, using alternative materials found in Satuba micro-region, together with the community. In the third period, we reviewed, cataloged, organized and worked out an institutional document, as an embryonic proposed model of rustic facilities for breeding, using techniques and alternative materials, developed at the collective research, in order to boost an entire productive circle, from the collection of these materials until the construction of rural facilities for animal production, thus occupying families in an alternative activity, environmentally adequated, without requiring large investments. On fourth stage, we sought to evaluate the change that the experience of rural buildings construction with alternative materials had on the students. It was concluded that the proposal is viable and can be incorporated into the community, with students help, as a process of knowledge elaboration. / No presente trabalho, buscou-se a participa??o de alunos dos terceiros anos do Curso de Agropecu?ria com o intuito de despertar, neles e por meio deles, o interesse da comunidade circunvizinha ? Escola Agrot?cnica Federal de Satuba/AL, para a utiliza??o dos materiais alternativos dispon?veis na sua microrregi?o, para constru??o de instala??es rurais de cria??es de animais de subsist?ncia familiar. Para isso se usou as t?cnicas alternativas r?sticas de constru??o civil, as quais foram ?desconstru?das? e ?reconstru?das? atrav?s da ?elabora??o do conhecimento? e da ?metodologia de projetos? com o intuito de adapt?-las as constru??es de instala??es de cria??es animais. Diante desse desafio, o trabalho foi organizado em quatro momentos. No primeiro momento, ocorreu o envolvimento dos alunos, por meio de um question?rio sobre a possibilidade de uso de materiais alternativos na constru??o rural, com fibras, folhas de palmeiras, sacos de fibra de r?fia e polipropileno, pneus velhos, embalagem PET, argila, etc. E, por conseguinte se apresentou exemplos de constru??es r?sticas para moradias humanas e instala??es zoot?cnicas, existentes na literatura, internet e tamb?m as difundido popularmente entre os moradores da microrregi?o de Satuba. No segundo momento, se buscou atrav?s da ?elabora??o do conhecimento? construir as instala??es animais mais utilizadas na circunvizinhan?a na produ??o familiar de subsist?ncia, utilizandose dos materiais alternativos dispon?veis na microrregi?o de Satuba, e do saber popular. No terceiro momento, levantou-se, organizou-se e elaborou-se um documento para utiliza??o institucional, com t?cnicas de instala??es r?sticas tradicionalmente consolidadas, para assim, com a ?constru??o do conhecimento? despertasse nos alunos, poss?veis desenvolvimentos de novas id?ias para as constru??es de instala??es r?sticas para cria??o de animais. Bem assim motivar todo um c?rculo produtivo, desde a coleta desses materiais at? a constru??o de instala??es rurais para produ??o animal, ocupando as fam?lias em uma atividade alternativa, ecologicamente correta, sem exigir grandes investimentos. No quarto momento, buscou-se avaliar com a apresenta??o do mesmo question?rio apresentado no primeiro momento a modifica??o que a viv?ncia com a constru??o por materiais alternativos exerceu sobre os alunos. Concluiu-se que a proposta ? vi?vel e pode ser incorporada pela comunidade, com o aux?lio dos alunos, num processo de elabora??o do conhecimento com aplicabilidade das t?cnicas de constru??o com materiais alternativos, nas instala??es de cria??es animais.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:58:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoaoBSC_DISSERT_1-40.pdf: 4020421 bytes, checksum: 0d899aaf278ef09b1ceedc1d8064ebc4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-27 / In this work a solar drying system for food dehydration was developed. It is a direct exposition drying apparatus that uses solar energy to heat the circulating air. First, the construction and assembly of this apparatus was described, in which was used scrap wraps of used tires for thermal insulation, allowing the reuse of solid waste, being an ecologically correct recycling option. After, the results obtained in experiments for cashew drying showed the thermal and economical feasibility of the proposed solar drying system, focusing on the process of flour production and in its chemical characterization. It was also demonstrated the social importance of this production for socially excluded people, since the value added to this fruit, in relation to its in nature form, may represent an option for job and income generation. The main features of the proposed dryer are its low cost and its easy fabrication and assembly process. After cashew drying, the obtained product was processed into flour by using a knife mill and it was added crushed rapadura to reduce the rancid taste caused by tannin / Apresenta-se um sistema de secagem solar para a desidrata??o de alimentos utilizando um secador de exposi??o direta que trabalha em regime de circula??o natural. Abordam-se os processos de constru??o e montagem desse secador que utiliza isolante t?rmico de raspa de pneu, permitindo a reutiliza??o de materiais, constituindo-se numa op??o ambientalmente correta de reciclagem. O trabalho apresenta resultados de testes realizados para a secagem do caju que atestam as viabilidades t?rmicas e econ?micas do sistema de secagem solar proposto enfocando o processo de produ??o da farinha e an?lises qu?micas para caracteriz?-la. Ser? tamb?m demonstrada a import?ncia social que essa produ??o representa para a popula??o mais exclu?da uma vez que o valor agregado a essa fruta, em rela??o ao in natura, pode representar uma op??o de gera??o de emprego e renda. As principais caracter?sticas do secador proposto s?o seu baixo custo e simples processo de fabrica??o e montagem. Ap?s seco o caju foi transformado em farinha por meio de um moinho de faca, e posteriormente, foi adicionada rapadura triturada para amenizar o sabor ran?oso provocado pelo tanino

The use of temporary, prefabricated buildings in Britain during the twentieth century arose from wartime need to provide better, and perhaps more importantly, portable shelter for troops and equipment. This thesis provides the first comprehensive list of hut designs for the First and Second World Wars. The full lists and descriptions of each hut are given in the appendices. These lists, 20 types for the First World War and 52 from the Second World War, show the huge range and scope of the huts used and is the major contribution of this thesis. The concentration here is on generic types. Some huts were designed as one-offs and there is no possible way to catalogue these. This thesis has focused instead on those designs or industrially-produced types, which were meant to be produced en-masse as generic solutions to the problem: the sort of hut that might justifiably be given a name (such as a ‘Tarran’, a ‘Seco’, etc.). This thesis provides essential information enabling historians to be able to identify these types. It uses primary and secondary sources to trace the development of these huts and the effect that wartime shortages had on their design. Beginning with the earliest examples of temporary military building, it then focuses on the huts of the First and Second World Wars followed by a study of huts grouped in chapters by material. This research shows that the wartime period pushed industry to make giant leaps forward with construction methods and materials in just a few short years, where otherwise it may have taken decades. This thesis aims to provide the first overview of this process and to enable future researchers to identify and understand the development of these important wartime structures, many of which survive to this day.

This diploma thesis deals with the design of a small family house, which construction uses alternative building materials. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the world, European and Czech legislation related to sustainable development. The concept of ecological construction, which focuses on the possibilities of reducing the negative impacts of construction production on the environment at various stages of construction and on energy, material, water and waste management, is also presented. The thesis also describes advantages and disadvantages of particular solutions. In the second part of the thesis, which based on theoretical knowledge, is the design of a family house from alternative materials worked out. The design of the study in the scale of 1:100 consists of measured floor plan drawings of all storeys, characteristic measured section drawings, layout plans with displayed furniture and equipment, elevation drawings of particular facades, roof drawings and situation design. The drawing part is accompanied by a text part. The processed design is compared to the reference building and then evaluated from the point of view of functional, economic, environmental and social requirements.