Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

As a teacher of American literature in high school, I have become conscious of the importance of teaching students of that age level the lore and poetry of their native state. Poems of nature or local color in their own country will hold their interest when material from more distant points seems dull and uninteresting. Through my teaching I have become interested in the poetry of the Southwest and have enjoyed reading the poetry and knowing the poets through personal interview or correspondence.

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Joseph Cornell (1903-1972) est un artiste américain très connu dans son pays mais peu étudié en Europe. Le catalogue raisonné de son œuvre n'est toujours pas établi à ce jour. <p><p>Tout au long de sa vie, ses sources d'inspiration sont intimement liées à la femme. Cette thèse souhaite aller plus loin que les études existantes: d'une part en envisageant la femme dans tous ses rôles (danseuse, diva, écrivaine, amie, starlette,) et d'autre part, en étudiant la série qui lui est consacrée. Ce regard minutieux sur les variations au sein d'une série est l'un des points forts et totalement inédits de cette thèse. Il permet d’observer le renouvellement de l’obsession et le goût pour la collection, au sens où Baudrillard l’entend.<p><p>En première partie, l'angle d'approche consiste à observer, les stratégies de l'artiste qui tente de s'approprier la femme par la mise en boîte, en bouteille, en dossier, <p><p>En deuxième partie, nous observerons la manière dont il installe une distance qui permet à la muse de rester inaccessible – au sens romantique voire nervalien du terme. La distance peut-être d'ordre surnaturel: la femme prend alors les traits d'une fée ou d'une sylphide ;temporelle (la muse est imaginée enfant) ;spatiale (la muse prend vie sous forme de constellation). Autre stratégie d'évocation: "le portrait sans visage" où le corps de la muse est totalement absent, seul « un objet symbolique) fait référence à la femme désignée. Il peut s’agir d’une chambre ou d’une lampe de mineur pour évoquer Emily Dickinson ou une poupée pour évoquer La Belle au Bois dormant. Vers la fin des années cinquante, Cornell réalise des « boîtes-mémoriaux » en hommage à des jeunes trop tôt disparues. <p><p>La troisième partie tente d’étudier comment Cornell « transcende » l’idée de mort. <p><p>Enfin, en quatrième partie, nous dresserons un bref inventaire des collages des années soixante ayant comme thème central le nu féminin. Cornell quittant un matériel « nostalgique » afin de « charge d’innocence » des images qu’il considère comme érotiques.<p> <p><p>Cette étude s'appuie, entre autres, sur une vingtaine d'œuvres analysées qui n'ont jamais été publiées, une trentaine d'autres qui n'ont jamais été commentées. Plus d'un tiers des œuvres choisies bénéficient d'une recherche de sources totalement inédites, se voyant ainsi placée sous un nouveau regard interprétatif. Et enfin, les œuvres sont mises en rapport avec les sources littéraires qui les ont nourries (Aurélia de Gérard de Nerval, Le Portrait de Jennie, la poésie d’Emily Dickinson, la biographie de Marilyn Monroe ou les écrits de Mary Eddy Baker, …). <p> / Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

This study explores six utopias by female authors written at the turn of the twentieth century: Mary Bradley Lane's Mizora (1881), Alice Ilgenfritz Jones and Ella Merchant's Unveiling Parallel (1893), Eloise O. Richberg's Reinstern (1900), Lena J. Fry's Other Worlds (1905), Charlotte Perkins Gilman's Herland (1915), and Martha Bensley Bruère's Mildred Carver, USA (1919). While the right to vote had become the central, most important point of the movement, women were concerned with many other issues affecting their lives. Positioned within the context of the late nineteenth century women's rights movement, this study examines these "sideline" concerns of the movement such as home and gender-determined spheres, motherhood, work, marriage, independence, and self-sufficiency and relates them to the transforming character of female identity at the time. The study focuses primarily on analyzing the expression of female historical desire through utopian genre and on explicating the contradictory nature of utopian production.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Wharton’s heroines are ordinary women who fight to secure material comfort and create selves that satisfy their emotional and sexual needs. These women often find that the two goals are mutually exclusive, since society strictly dictates appropriate behavior. This code of behavior stems from their relation to men: as objects to be won, as wives, and as mothers. In many instances, women are not even aware of their prescriptive roles and confuse their search for self with a search for security. Material comfort does not nurture Wharton’s heroines’ inner selves and they feel a metaphysical dissatisfaction, often seeking to find contentment through divorce or affairs. What they find in either case is that the cure to their ennui is not material, but mental. Wharton’s women seek a transcendent self—a self that is not dependent upon popular notions of respectability; a spiritual state that is independent from any attachment to social imperatives.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Although many of Lola Ridge's poems champion the causes of minorities and the disenfranchised, it is too easy to state that politics were the sole reason for her neglect. A simple look at well-known female poets who often wrote about social or political issues during Ridge's lifetime, such as Edna St. Vincent Millay and Muriel Rukeyser, weakens such a claim. Furthermore, Ridge's five books of poetry illustrate that many of her poems focused on themes beyond the political or social. The decisions by critics to focus on selections of Ridge's poems that do not display her ability to employ multiple aesthetics in her poetry have caused them to present her work one-dimensionally. Likewise, politically motivated critics often overlook aesthetic experiments that poets like Ridge employ in their poetry. Few poets during Ridge's time made use of such drastically varied styles, and because her work resists easy categorization (as either traditional or avant-garde), her poetry has largely gone unnoticed by modern scholars. Chapter two of my thesis focuses on a selection Ridge's social and political poems and highlights how Ridge's social poetry coupled with the multiple aesthetics she employed has played a part in her critical neglect. My findings will open up the discussion of Ridge's poetry and situate her work both politically and aesthetically, something no critic has yet attempted. Chapter three examines Ridge’s role as editor of Modern School, Others and Broom. Ridge's work for these magazines, particularly Others and Broom, places her at the center of American modernism. My examination of Ridge's social poetry and her role as editor for two leading literary magazines, in conjunction with her use of multiple aesthetics, will build a strong case for why her work deserves to be recovered.