The United States of American has often been called “a nation of immigrants” due to its long immigration history. In fact, it absorbed large numbers of immigrants during the different epochs from all over the world. The economics issues of immigration are play a very important role which becoming increasingly considering. Therefore, the aim of this paper is analyze the trends of immigration to America and the determinants behind the migration decision in the United States. An analysis of the data shows that the migrants flow into America has increased substantially, and the trend of American immigration is upwards after the mid 1960s. From the literature review it appears that the impact of immigration on natives’ earnings and employment, is weak. However factors like wage differential between the origin and host countries, educational attainment and investment in human capital, language proficiency are important determinants of the extent of immigrants integration and assimilation in the new country.

<p>The United States of American has often been called “a nation of immigrants” due to its long immigration history. In fact, it absorbed large numbers of immigrants during the different epochs from all over the world. The economics issues of immigration are play a very important role which becoming increasingly considering. Therefore, the aim of this paper is analyze the trends of immigration to America and the determinants behind the migration decision in the United States. An analysis of the data shows that the migrants flow into America has increased substantially, and the trend of American immigration is upwards after the mid 1960s. From the literature review it appears that the impact of immigration on natives’ earnings and employment, is weak. However factors like wage differential between the origin and host countries, educational attainment and investment in human capital, language proficiency are important determinants of the extent of immigrants integration and assimilation in the new country.</p>

Orientador: Jose Ricardo Barbosa Gonçalves / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T23:15:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_CelioAntonioAlcantara_D.pdf: 3350545 bytes, checksum: 20332bc2210a4bdd706f701c25e20987 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: O presente trabalho teve como meta a compreensão do movimento que levou milhares de sulistas a deixarem o sul dos EUA após a Guerra Civil Americana em direção ao Brasil, em resposta principalmente ao fim da escravidão, bem como ao alijamento de seus direitos políticos. O Brasil foi escolhido por possuir os fatores de produção caros à plantation escravista sulista: terras e escravos. Realizamos uma análise dos discursos e as ações políticas de muitos imigrantes e de seus familiares no período anterior à guerra, que tendiam a um tom fortemente conservador, pró-escravidão. Finda a guerra, estabeleceram-se colônias, cujos destinos estiveram associados às dificuldades dos imigrantes restabelecerem a ligação que possuíam com o circuito mercantil-escravista, agora no hemisfério meridional. Os imigrantes que o conseguiram, por certo período, foram aqueles localizados em Santa Bárbara, na região de Campinas. Nas colônias de Santarém e Linhares, a ausência de um circuito mercantil-escravista suficientemente pujante ocasionou uma maior dispersão dos imigrantes, bem como a existência de casamentos exogâmicos. A despeito de tais dificuldades, a presença da escravidão foi notada nas colônias de ambas as localidades. De acordo com as fontes primárias, o discurso de que a imigração trouxe a modernização dos meios de produção não se sustenta. O que se verifica é uma adequação às técnicas tradicionais da agricultura brasileira, bem como a vinculação a relações de produção resistentes à introdução de inovações / Abstract: The objective of this study is to understand the reasons for which thousands of southerners emigrated from USA to Brazil at the end of the American Civil War, as an answer to the suppression of their political rights and the end of slavery. We argue that the main factor for the choice of Brazil as their destiny included the existence of slavery, and the abundant land. We analyzed their political actions and speeches before the war, which had a tendency of a conservative and pro-slavery tone. After the war, they established colonies, which destinies were associated to the difficulties of the immigrants to plug themselves again to a slave-market circuit, now at the southern hemisphere. The immigrants that were successful, for a certain period, were those living in Santa Bárbara, near Campinas. In Santarém and Linhares colonies, the inexistence of a strong slave-market circuit lead to the dispersion of the immigrants, as well as exogamic marriages. Despite the difficulties, both colonies had the presence of slavery. According to primary sources, the idea that the confederate immigration brought the means of production modernization does not sustain itself. What is verified is an adaptation to Brazilian agriculture traditional techniques and their involvement with relations of production resistant to innovation introduction / Doutorado / Historia Economica / Doutor em Desenvolvimento Economico

L’histoire d’Ellis Island, de l’ouverture de la station d’immigration en 1892 jusqu’à la restauration du site dans les années 1980 après une période d’abandon et d’oubli, reflète les interactions entre les discours sur l’immigration et la construction de l’identité politique et culturelle de la nation américaine. Le musée de l’immigration qui a ouvert sur l’île en 1990, dans le bâtiment même où sont passés douze millions d’immigrants entre 1892 et le milieu des années 1920, est devenu le lieu de mémoire de l’immigration américaine. En partant du postulat que les sociétés construisent leur représentation du passé et leur mémoire collective pour répondre à leurs besoins dans le présent, cette thèse entend montrer comment et à quelles fins la nation américaine a choisi de mettre en avant, à un moment donné, certains éléments de son histoire pour s’affirmer « nation of immigrants ». La création du musée d’Ellis Island, qui a consacré l’immigration et l’ethnicité comme composantes essentielles de l’identité américaine, était en effet aussi un choix de mémoire de l’Etat fédéral, témoignant d’une manière d’interpréter et de représenter l’Histoire. / The story of Ellis Island, from the opening of the immigration station in 1892 to the restoration of the site in the 1980s after a period of neglect and oblivion, reflects the interactions between discourses on immigration and the building of the political and cultural identity of the American nation. The immigration museum that opened on the island in 1990, in the building where twelve million immigrants were processed between 1892 and the mid-1920s, has become the site of memory of American immigration. Starting from the postulate that societies build their representation of the past and their collective memory to meet their demands in the present, this thesis aims at showing how and for what purposes the American nation chose to put forward, at a certain time, selected pieces of its history to assert itself “ nation of immigrants”. The setting-up of the Ellis Island museum, which affirmed immigration and ethnicity as essential components of the American identity, was indeed also a choice of memory by the Federal government, testifying to a way of interpreting and representing History.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-18T18:44:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Ailton Goncalves Dias Filho_Parte1.pdf: 2376593 bytes, checksum: 847b916704878117fa6d48b9c0257901 (MD5) Ailton Goncalves Dias Filho_Parte2.pdf: 1943730 bytes, checksum: fcbc49fdfb2f15cec5f1f4d2ee5a65f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-29 / Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie / The only moviment of North-American immigration happened between the years 1866 and 1890 to Brazil. After the civil war, a great number of families from the north of the US headed to Brazil looking for a new home. Some regions took those immigrants, creating the immigrant colonies. The colony that has succeeded and has developed the most was the once which has established itself in the region of Campinas, in the cities of Americana and Santa Bárbara d&#8223;Oeste in the state of São Paulo. Those immigrants were mostly protestants. Their arrival has contributed to the development of the region in several aspects. Nobody can deny the fact that the presence of the American colony in the region has contributed abundantly with the introduction of machines and agricultural equipments to the racional and productive development of the existent crops. This presence has also contributed to the implantation and expansion of the Protestantism in the region. / O único movimento de imigração de norte-americanos aconteceu entre os anos de 1866 a 1890 para o Brasil. Após o fim da guerra da secessão, inúmeras famílias do sul dos Estados Unidos rumaram para o Brasil procurando um novo lar. Algumas regiões acolheram esses imigrantes, formando colônias de imigrantes. Contudo, a que logrou êxito e se desenvolveu foi a que se estabeleceu na região de Campinas, mas precisamente nas cidades de Americana e Santa Bárbara d&#8223;Oeste, no interior do Estado de São Paulo. Estes imigrantes eram quase todos de origem protestante. Sua chegada na região contribuiu para o desenvolvimento da região em vários aspectos. É fato incontestável que a presença da colônia americana na região contribuiu em muito com a introdução de máquinas e equipamentos agrícolas no desenvolvimento racional e produtivo das lavouras existentes. Esta presença contribuiu também com a implantação e expansão do protestantismo na região. Assim, a educação, a agricultura, o comércio, a indústria e a religião, vão receber a influência desta presença norte-americana.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.