Thesis (M.Env.St.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Geographical and Environmental Studies, 2001. / Bibliography: leaves 126-131.

The diploma thesis is focused on Industry 4.0, where all essential elements of Industry 4.0 are gradually being discussed. This thesis presents the collaborative robots and their specifications are described and then the market for these robots is depicted. Subsequently, the robot cell is designed with collaborative robots ABB Yumi to serve the educational purposes. This created robotic cell is displayed exemplary role. In the last part of the thesis a risk analysis is created for this robotized workplace. This entire Risk Analysis Protocol is attached.

Local public transport companies provide important mobility services to the general public. Although these services are usually subsidised, companies rely on revenues generated by ticket sales. Therefore, fare evasion (i.e., people using a transport service without paying for it) and ticket forgery (the production of an illegal ticket facsimile) have considerable influence on the companies' economic sustainability. As existing research regarding the economic perspective is limited, this paper presents a Delphi study that investigates the phenomena with a survey of experts in public transport companies and transport associations in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. The findings of the survey provide insights into the overall perception and discuss relevant aspects of both fare evasion and ticket forgery, thereby not only highlighting practical implications, but also helping policy makers shape adequate policies for public transport in societies.

With theoretical foundations in welfare theory, the cost benefit analysis (CBA) technique is a powerful tool for assessing benefits particularly where markets do not exist or would fail (for example due to the existence of public goods) or have become potentially politically excluded (such as the health sector). Unlike other economic evaluation techniques, costs and benefits are measured in monetary terms allowing for comparisons within and between different sectors of the economy for resource allocation decisions. Using contingent valuation (CV) techniques, people's preferences for goods are determined by finding out what they would be willing to pay (WTP) for specified benefits or improvements; or accept (WTA), as compensation for withdrawal or loss of benefit. While the use of WTP methods has grown in other sectors, the uptake in health has been limited. A long-standing criticism is that stated WTP estimates may be poor indicators of actual WTP, calling into question their validity and the use of such estimates for welfare valuation. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the criterion validity of CV-WTP studies. A four-pronged approach including critical appraisals of the available literature and evidence on criterion validity and empirical analyses was adopted. The thesis established the scarcity in criterion validity assessments, particularly in the health sector and that evidence on the criterion validity of CV-WTP is more varied than authors are presenting. The variety in the methods used to assess and report criterion validity assessments is demonstrated. Further, the impact of the analysis of hypothetical WTP on criterion validity assessments and conclusions thereof is demonstrated. The empirical analyses further demonstrate the differences in predictions and predictors of WTP analyses, discussing the effect of these on criterion validity assessments and conclusions. Finally, the thesis offers suggestions for the reporting of criterion validity assessments, in efforts to improve the method.

In the Australian wine industry, cold stabilisation is a widely used industrial process to prevent tartrate instability in bottled wines. This process involves cooling the wine close to its freezing point for extended periods, thereby inducing tartrate precipitation. However, it has several important disadvantages. Consequently, alternative methods to cold stabilisation have been developed. This includes electrodialysis, nanofiltration and contact processes. In this study, current knowledge regarding performance and cost of cold stabilisation and alternative technologies for tartrate stabilisation is reviewed. Whilst there have been occasional cost comparisons between cold stabilisation and alternative technologies, existing data is not suitable for properly evaluating the relative economics of the different process options. Therefore, alternative technologies to cold stabilisation, including the Westfalia process, nanofiltration and electrodialysis were compared for both technical and economic performance. Berri Estates Winery was used as the basis for engineering calculations and conceptual cost estimates. This is the first time that such a comprehensive evaluation has been undertaken of a broad range of alternative technologies for tartrate stabilisation during wine production. Product loss was a key cost driver in differentiating tartrate stabilisation processes. Cold stabilisation was found to be the most economic treatment process irrespective of scale or winery size. The Westfalia process and nanofiltration were the next most cost effective options. Data for economic evaluation and environmental assessment were summarised in a survey form that was circulated to technical experts from Hardy Wine Company, the Australian Wine Research Institute (AWRI) and the University of Adelaide. The purpose of the survey was to obtain the experts’ opinions on the merits of the alternative technologies. The results of this survey were used for comparison between current cold stabilisation and alternative technologies, by performing multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). This represents an original application of MCDA techniques to decision making in the wine industry. The MCDA analysis identified a strong preference by experts for nanofiltration combined with centrifugation as an alternative to cold stabilisation. As a consequence, laboratory investigations and field testing of nanofiltration were conducted to obtain new and practical information which was not presently available and relevant to understanding and implementing this process for tartrate stabilisation of wine. The laboratory experiments were performed with a range of membranes and tartrate unstable wines (i.e. Semillon, Colombard and Shiraz) using a purpose-designed laboratory-scale continuously-stirred batch-test membrane cell. The results showed that a range of commercial nanofiltration membranes with a nominal molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) between 200 and 500 Daltons (Da) were able to achieve tartrate stabilisation of all wines tested. This was achieved at moderate pressures less than 20 bar with a recovery of at least 50 %. It was also observed that seeding of wine following nanofiltration might reduce the holding time required to achieve stability and also enable reductions in the recovery rate to values of less than 50 %. The field testing was performed at Berri Estates Winery in the Riverland region of South Australia. The testing was performed using an existing commercial membrane system. This membrane system was already used for juice/wine concentration. The nanofiltration membranes had a nominal MWCO of 300 Da. The testing was conducted on Colombard and Shiraz wines. The field tests confirmed that nanofiltration could successfully tartrate stabilise Colombard and Shiraz wines at recoveries of 50 %; without seeding; within relatively short holding periods of less than four hours; and at flux rates between 5 and 10 L/m²/h. Crystallisation kinetics were also studied. At low recovery, the crystallisation was initially controlled by diffusion step, then surface integration. However, at high recovery, the crystallisation was controlled solely by surface integration. Sensory testing (by duo-trio difference tests) produced adverse sensory outcomes when compared with treatment of the same wines by cold stabilisation. Unfortunately, it could not be established whether this problem was inherent to the process or arose from unrelated factors. Setting aside the adverse sensory result, this is the first time that technical feasibility of nanofiltration for tartrate stabilisation has been successfully demonstrated. Further field testing and sensory evaluation of nano-filtered wines should be carried out to verify the effect of nanofiltration on wines. If the process is successful and favourable, the process design for implementation of a production scale nanofiltration for tartrate stabilisation should then be optimised. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1292872 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Chemical Engineering, 2007.

In the Australian wine industry, cold stabilisation is a widely used industrial process to prevent tartrate instability in bottled wines. This process involves cooling the wine close to its freezing point for extended periods, thereby inducing tartrate precipitation. However, it has several important disadvantages. Consequently, alternative methods to cold stabilisation have been developed. This includes electrodialysis, nanofiltration and contact processes. In this study, current knowledge regarding performance and cost of cold stabilisation and alternative technologies for tartrate stabilisation is reviewed. Whilst there have been occasional cost comparisons between cold stabilisation and alternative technologies, existing data is not suitable for properly evaluating the relative economics of the different process options. Therefore, alternative technologies to cold stabilisation, including the Westfalia process, nanofiltration and electrodialysis were compared for both technical and economic performance. Berri Estates Winery was used as the basis for engineering calculations and conceptual cost estimates. This is the first time that such a comprehensive evaluation has been undertaken of a broad range of alternative technologies for tartrate stabilisation during wine production. Product loss was a key cost driver in differentiating tartrate stabilisation processes. Cold stabilisation was found to be the most economic treatment process irrespective of scale or winery size. The Westfalia process and nanofiltration were the next most cost effective options. Data for economic evaluation and environmental assessment were summarised in a survey form that was circulated to technical experts from Hardy Wine Company, the Australian Wine Research Institute (AWRI) and the University of Adelaide. The purpose of the survey was to obtain the experts’ opinions on the merits of the alternative technologies. The results of this survey were used for comparison between current cold stabilisation and alternative technologies, by performing multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). This represents an original application of MCDA techniques to decision making in the wine industry. The MCDA analysis identified a strong preference by experts for nanofiltration combined with centrifugation as an alternative to cold stabilisation. As a consequence, laboratory investigations and field testing of nanofiltration were conducted to obtain new and practical information which was not presently available and relevant to understanding and implementing this process for tartrate stabilisation of wine. The laboratory experiments were performed with a range of membranes and tartrate unstable wines (i.e. Semillon, Colombard and Shiraz) using a purpose-designed laboratory-scale continuously-stirred batch-test membrane cell. The results showed that a range of commercial nanofiltration membranes with a nominal molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) between 200 and 500 Daltons (Da) were able to achieve tartrate stabilisation of all wines tested. This was achieved at moderate pressures less than 20 bar with a recovery of at least 50 %. It was also observed that seeding of wine following nanofiltration might reduce the holding time required to achieve stability and also enable reductions in the recovery rate to values of less than 50 %. The field testing was performed at Berri Estates Winery in the Riverland region of South Australia. The testing was performed using an existing commercial membrane system. This membrane system was already used for juice/wine concentration. The nanofiltration membranes had a nominal MWCO of 300 Da. The testing was conducted on Colombard and Shiraz wines. The field tests confirmed that nanofiltration could successfully tartrate stabilise Colombard and Shiraz wines at recoveries of 50 %; without seeding; within relatively short holding periods of less than four hours; and at flux rates between 5 and 10 L/m²/h. Crystallisation kinetics were also studied. At low recovery, the crystallisation was initially controlled by diffusion step, then surface integration. However, at high recovery, the crystallisation was controlled solely by surface integration. Sensory testing (by duo-trio difference tests) produced adverse sensory outcomes when compared with treatment of the same wines by cold stabilisation. Unfortunately, it could not be established whether this problem was inherent to the process or arose from unrelated factors. Setting aside the adverse sensory result, this is the first time that technical feasibility of nanofiltration for tartrate stabilisation has been successfully demonstrated. Further field testing and sensory evaluation of nano-filtered wines should be carried out to verify the effect of nanofiltration on wines. If the process is successful and favourable, the process design for implementation of a production scale nanofiltration for tartrate stabilisation should then be optimised. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1292872 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Chemical Engineering, 2007.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Carleton University, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 149-154). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2006. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed September 20, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-132).

RIBEIRO, Juliana Constantino. Utilização do farelo de coco em dietas para leitões na creche. 2009. 84 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Zootecnia, Fortaleza-CE, 2009 / Submitted by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-08-01T15:50:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_dis_jcribeiro.pdf: 231535 bytes, checksum: e00cb39aed2df85d184d256818bd21f8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-08-01T15:51:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_dis_jcribeiro.pdf: 231535 bytes, checksum: e00cb39aed2df85d184d256818bd21f8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-01T15:51:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_dis_jcribeiro.pdf: 231535 bytes, checksum: e00cb39aed2df85d184d256818bd21f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / It was used 32 piglets, castrated male and female, of commercial lineage, weaned at 21 days of age and with average live weight of 6.2 kg, with the objective to evaluating the effect of the inclusion of different levels (0,0; 7,0; 14,0 ; 21,0%) of coconut meal (CM) and feeding forms on the performance of piglets in the initial phase I (21 to 42 days of age), initial phase II (43 to 63 days of age), and total period (21 to 63 days of age), how so your economic viability. The experimental design used was a randomized blocks with scheme factorial 4x2 (four levels of inclusion of CM and two feed forms - dry and wet diets) with four replicates by treatment and one animal for part. The criterion used for block formation was the initial weight of piglets. The results showed that for the initial phase I and total period, the daily mean weight gain (DMWG), daily mean feed intake (DMFI) and the feed conversion (FC) did not differ significantly (P> 0.05) by inclusion of different levels of CM and feeding forms. For the initial phase II, the DNWG and DMFI did not differ significantly (P>0,05), but the CA was significant (P<0,05). It was concluded that the supply of coconut meal is viable technically up to 21,0% in the diets of piglets in the period nursery, independent of the feeding forms, and that the best economic response was obtained with the level of inclusion of 21,0% of CM / Utilizou-se 32 leitões machos castrados e fêmeas, de linhagem comercial, desmamados aos 21 dias de idade e com média de peso vivo de 6,2 kg, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de diferentes níveis (0,0; 7,0; 14,0; 21,0%) de inclusão de farelo de coco (FC) e formas de arraçoamento sobre o desempenho zootécnico de leitões na fase inicial I (21 aos 42 dias de idade) e fase inicial II (43 aos 63 dias de idade) e o período total (21 aos 63 dias de idade), bem como sua viabilidade econômica. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos ao acaso com esquema fatorial 4x2 (quatro níveis de inclusão de FC e duas formas de arraçoamento - dietas secas e úmidas) com quatro repetições por tratamento e um animal por parcela. O critério para formação dos blocos foi o peso inicial dos leitões. Os resultados mostraram que para a fase inicial I e período total, o ganho de peso médio diário (GPMD), consumo de ração médio diário (CRMD) e conversão alimentar (CA) não diferiram significativamente (P>0,05) para os diferentes níveis de inclusão de FC e formas de arraçoamento. Para a fase inicial II, o GPMD e CRMD não diferiram significativamente (P>0,05), porém a CA foi significativa (P<0,05). Concluiu-se que o fornecimento de farelo de coco é tecnicamente viável até o nível de 21,0% nas dietas de leitões no período de creche, independente da forma de arraçoamento, e que a melhor resposta econômica foi com o nível de 21,0% de FC

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-08-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:42:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 jasper_sp_dr_botfca.pdf: 1562694 bytes, checksum: b55b7f0ee3c9a7b679ce4dfecf3f17df (MD5) / O biodiesel é uma realidade no Brasil, devido ao Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso do Biodiesel (PNPB), que tornou obrigatório em 2008, adição de 2% de biodiesel em todo diesel comercializado, numa mistura denominada B2. O setor agroindustrial respondeu ao programa federal, enfrentando várias dificuldades para produção do biodiesel, em que se destaca a matéria-prima. Os problemas relacionados com a produção de biodiesel foram, principalmente, a escassez do óleo do vegetal, por causa das demandas dos mercados interno e externo, e as altas dos preços das matérias-primas disponíveis para a produção, tornando a fabricação deste biocombustível inviável até mesmo no Brasil, onde os custos de produção agrícolas estão entre os mais competitivos do mundo. O crambe é uma espécie vegetal que tem despertado interesse dos produtores brasileiros, devido ao teor de óleo, rusticidade, cultivo mecanizado e, principalmente, por ser uma cultura de inverno, torna-se uma opção a mais para o agricultor neste período. Além disso, pode compor sistemas de rotação de culturas, bem como ser utilizada como cobertura vegetal do solo no período de inverno. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de produção do crambe, avaliando os custos de produção e a análise energética da sua produção, em sistema de plantio direto, bem como as características físico-químicas do óleo e do biodiesel obtidas desses grãos. O ensaio foi conduzido no ano agrícola 2008, na Fazenda Experimental Lageado, pertencente à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas – UNESP, localizada no município de Botucatu - SP. A produtividade obtida foi de 1.507,05 kg ha-1, resultando numa produção de 561,94 litros... / Biodiesel is a reality in Brazil, due to the National Program for Production and Use of Biodiesel (PNPB), which became mandatory in 2008, addition of 2% biodiesel in all diesel sold in a blend known as B2. The agribusiness sector, said the federal program faced several difficulties in production of biodiesel, which stresses the material. The problems related to raw materials were mainly the shortage of vegetable oil, because of the demands of domestic and foreign markets, and the high prices of raw materials available for production, the production of biofuel made impossible by even in Brazil, where the costs of agricultural production are among the most competitive in the world. The Crambe is a species that has attracted interest of Brazilian producers due to oil content, rusticity, and mechanized cultivation, mainly as a crop of winter it becomes an option for most farmers in this period. Additionally, you can make crop rotation systems, and be used as a cover crop soil during the winter. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production potential of Crambe, evaluating production costs and energy balance of its production of Crambe no tillage and the physicochemical characteristics of oil and biodiesel obtained from these grains. The test was conducted in the agricultural year 2008 in Lageado Experimental Farm, belonging to the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences - UNESP, located in Botucatu - SP. The yield obtained was 1507.05 kg ha-1, resulting in production of 561,94 liters of oil per hectare. The fuel consumption was 17,68 L ha-1 and the energy demand of mechanized operations found an energy consumption of 41,82 kWh ha-1. The cost of deployment and conduct of Crambe... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)