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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Preventive effect of Oenothera rosea on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea- (NMU) induced gastric cancer in rats

Almora Pinedo, Yuan, Arroyo-Acevedo, Jorge Luis, Herrera-Calderon, Oscar, Chumpitaz Cerrate, Victor Manuel, Hañari Quispe, Renán, Tinco Jayo, Johnny Aldo, Franco Quino, Cesar, Figueroa Salvador, Linder 12 1900 (has links)
Background: Currently, gastric cancer (GC) is considered a public health problem worldwide. Using medicinal plants for the prevention of chronic diseases such as cancer constitutes new alternatives in traditional medicine. Oenothera rosea (OR) could be an option, but it needs to be evaluated. Aim: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of OR extract on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU)-induced GC in rats. Methods: In total, 80 male Holtzman rats were randomized into five groups. Group A received the saline solution (5mL/kg), group B received NMU 500 μg/kg (cancer inductor) by oral administration for 16 weeks, and groups C, D, and E were treated with OR extract (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg, respectively) and NMU in order to evaluate the preventive effect on cancer induced by NMU for 16 weeks. Blood and histological samples of stomachs were collected to determine histopathological, biochemical, and hematological parameters between different experimental groups. Results: Groups C, D, and E presented less histopathological changes such as anaplastic and hyperplastic cells, compared with group B. Hematological and biochemical parameters were recorded, and superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide levels were statistically less than those of NMU group (P<0.05, P<0.01, and P<0.01). Conclusion: Considering the histopathological signs and the antioxidant activity in vivo as well as hematological and biochemical parameters of ethanolic extract of OR, we concluded that its administration in rats has a protective effect on GC, which is induced experimentally. This species could be studied in clinical trials for patients with GC in the future.
2

O estudo dos genes WT1 e WT2 e da apoptose em pacientes com tumor de Wilms / The study of WT1 and WT2 genes and of apoptosis in patients with Wilms' tumor

Arruda, Izabel Barros de, 1965- 26 August 2018 (has links)
Orientadores: Laurecir Gomes, Maria Tereza Cartaxo Muniz / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T03:40:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Arruda_IzabelBarrosde_D.pdf: 1365851 bytes, checksum: 2a1a28a0a33d73a75e48051e8b746627 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: O tumor de Wilms é uma neoplasia embrionária, originada de células do blastema metanéfrico, sendo histologicamente caracterizado como tumor trifásico, pois as células blastematosas, estromais e epiteliais estão presentes em proporções variáveis, com grande diversidade de arranjo celular e graus de diferenciação com ou sem anaplasia. Este tumor está associado a síndromes genéticas e a malformações do trato geniturinário. O objetivo desta tese foi avaliar as alterações nos genes WT1 e WT2 e a relação do índice apoptótico com o estadiamento tumoral. Para investigação das alterações nos genes WT1 e WT2 foi utilizada o método FISH, a imunorreatividade das proteínas WT1, p53 e MMP-2 foi empregada imunoistoquímica e para detectar células em apoptose, utilizou-se o método TUNEL. Os resultados evidenciaram cópias extras dos genes WT1 e WT2, com citogenética molecular nuc ish (WT1x3),(WT2x3) [100%], sugerindo que a evidencia da cópia-extra do gene WT2 pode ser explicada por trissomia ou por isodissomia uniparental, porém a presença da cópia-extra do WT1, até o momento, não foi relatada em qualquer caso clínico na literatura, sendo necessários mais estudos que a justifiquem. Por imunohistoquímica, constatou-se intensa imunomarcação no tumor para WT1 (80%), p53 (96,4%), assim como no estroma e ao redor do tumor, para MMP-2 (97%). Possivelmente essa alta expressão de WT1 pode estar refletindo a perda da regulação desse gene no desenvolvimento normal celular. A detecção da p53 neste estudo pode indicar a mutação do gene TP53, sugerindo que os tumores de Wilms poderiam progredir para anaplasia, após adquirem mutação do TP53, porém não como um evento isolado. Outros eventos seriam necessários para esta progressão, como a perda do alelo normal do TP53. A alta expressão da MMP-2 no estroma e ao redor do tumor não implica em sua atividade proteolítica, já que essa proteína pode estar em sua forma latente como também ativa e a técnica imunohistoquímica utilizada neste trabalho não diferencia essas formas. Não se identificou diferença significativa do índice apoptótico segundo estadio tumoral (p=0,937), mas os tumores em estadio III apresentaram índice seis vezes menor o daqueles em estadio II, em ausência de neoadjuvância, proporção que aumentou para 29 vezes, na presença de quimioterapia neoadjuvante, parecendo indicar que a neoadjuvância pode interferir sobre os mecanismos envolvidos na apoptose / Abstract: Wilms' tumor is an embryonic neoplasm arising from cells of the metanephric blastema, being histologically characterized as three-phase tumor, because blastematosas, stromal and epithelial cells are present in varying proportions, with great diversity of cell arrangement and degree of differentiation with or without anaplasia. This tumor is associated with genetic syndromes and malformations of the genitourinary tract. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate changes in WT1 and WT2 genes and the ratio of apoptotic cells to tumor staging. For investigation of changes in both WT1 and WT2 genes, the FISH method was used for immunoreactivity of the WT1 p53 and MMP-2 protein was employed and immunohistochemistry to detect cells undergoing apoptosis, we used the TUNEL. The results showed extra copies of WT1 and WT2 genes, with molecular cytogenetic nuc ish (WT1x3), (WT2x3) [100%], suggesting that the evidence of extra copy of WT2 gene can be explained by trisomy or uniparental isodisomy, but the presence of extra copy of WT1, so far, has not been reported in any clinical case in the literature, being necessary more studies to justify it. By immunohistochemistry, intense immunostaining was found in the tumor WT1 (80%), p53 (96.4%) as well as in the stroma surrounding the tumor, MMP-2 (97%). Possibly this high expression of WT1 may reflect the loss of regulation of this gene in the normal cell development. The detection of p53 in this study may indicate the mutation of the TP53 gene, suggesting that the Wilms' tumors may progress to anaplasia, after acquiring mutation of TP53, but not as an isolated event. Other events are needed for this progression, as loss of the normal allele of TP53. The high expression of MMP-2 in the stroma and around the tumor does not imply its proteolytic activity, since this protein may be at its latent form as well as active and the immunohistochemical technique used in this study does not differentiate these forms. There was no significant difference in the apoptotic index according to the tumor stage (p = 0.937), but in stage III tumors showed rate six times smaller than those in the stage II, in the absence of neoadjuvant therapy, rising to 29 times in the presence of chemotherapy neoadjuvant, seeming to indicate that neoadjuvant therapy may interfere with the mechanisms involved in apoptosis / Doutorado / Biologia Celular / Doutora em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
3

Análises macro e microscópica de enxertos cutâneos por semeadura após laserterapia de baixa intensidade

Silva, Elisângela Barboza da [UNESP] 07 October 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-10-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:41:28Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_eb_dr_jabo.pdf: 1627466 bytes, checksum: cc2cda21ab112a325eeefe8a173b0d55 (MD5) / Os enxertos de pele são uma alternativa para o fechamento de lesões extensas onde a reaproximação dos bordos da ferida não é possível. A incorporação do enxerto no leito receptor depende de conexões arteriais e venosas dessas duas partes. Baseando-se em trabalhos em que a laserterapia de baixa intensidade acelera o processo de cicatrização e favorece angiogênese e, com intenção de se obter melhor resultado em enxertos cutâneos por semeadura, optou-se pela aplicação do laser HeNe. Dessa forma 20 ratos foram submetidos a esta técnica de enxertia e separados em dois grupos iguais, um tratado com laser e outro não (controle). Os resultados mostraram maior velocidade de cicatrização, menor tempo de reação inflamatória, maior número de vasos sanguíneos, epitelização e queratinização precoces nos animais tratados com laser em relação aos não tratados, sugerindo então que a laserterapia de baixa intensidade é efetiva para o uso em enxertos por semeadura / Skin grafts are the alternative to close big lesions, when the borders approach are difficult or impossible. The graft incorporation on receptor site depends of blood vessels conection. Based on literature that low-level laser therapy acceletares the cicatricial process and favors the angiogenesis, HeNe laser was applied to accelerate the cicatricial process on island skin grafts. For this, 20 rats were submitted to this graft technique and divided in two groups with the same number of animals, one called laser and other called control. The results show faster cicatrization, short inflammatory period, larger number of blood vessels and precocious epitelization and queratinization on he laser group. These facts suggest that low-level laser therapy is effective and helps island skin grafts cicatrization
4

Retrospective Evaluation of Diffusion Weighted MRI Imaging of Head and Neck Cancers and the Correlation with Histopathology

Briody, Ashleigh January 2017 (has links)
No description available.

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