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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Believing the Ancients: Quantitative and Qualitative Dimensions of Slavery and the Slave Trade in Later Prehistoric Eurasia

Taylor, Timothy F. 06 1900 (has links)
No
2

The resources and economy of Roman Nicomedia

Guney, Hale January 2012 (has links)
The last twenty years have seen an increasing interest in ancient economic studies, and especially criticism of the primitivist approach to the ancient economy. Although the current state of ancient economic studies shows a range of different approaches, and has produced new models to interpret the ancient economy beyond the great debate between the modernists and the primitivists, there is still room for discussion of both old and new approaches to the study of urban economies. This thesis studies the resources and the economy of Roman Nicomedia, a city where systematic excavation has not yet been conducted but where archaeological survey research has being carried out since 2005. The aim of this study is to assess the production, consumption, and distribution patterns of the city within its own dynamics. In terms of methodology, it takes into consideration Louis Robert’s work on the Bithynian cities within the longue durée and accordingly, evaluates accounts from the pre-industrial period of Nicomedia, modern İzmit, under the Ottoman Empire. This study particularly takes into account the travellers’ notes from the 18th to the 19th centuries along with available primary and secondary sources in order to grasp the moments of the transformation and change in the production and consumption patterns in Nicomedia/İzmit over time. Finally, the thesis, which synthesizes textual and material evidence from Nicomedia as well as from the region of Bithynia, ascertains the city’s income and expenses. The thesis challenges the Finleyan idea of self-sufficiency and scrutinizes the limits of the ‘consumer city’ model. By focusing on the case of Roman Nicomedia, rather than falling into generalisation, this study attempts to investigate the effects of production and consumption patterns in the development of the non-agricultural sector in general, and pays particular attention to the underestimated role of trade in the urban economy. The thesis also evaluates the role of the Roman state and army in the economy of the city and asks whether this should be seen as a stimulus or burden affecting consumption and distribution patterns. This study therefore examines the resources, the self-sufficiency, the commercial commodities, trading activities and the level of connectivity of Roman Nicomedia. The case of Nicomedia should encourage other case studies to reveal the dynamics of urban economies under the Roman Empire.
3

Moses Finley e a \"economia antiga\" : a produção social de uma inovação historiográfica / Moses Finley and \"ancient economy\": the social production of an innovation historiographic

Palmeira, Miguel Soares 12 September 2008 (has links)
Nas décadas de 1960 e 1970, os estudos sobre a economia antiga foram transformados pela crítica sistemática do emprego de noções econômicas formais a sociedades que não formularam elas mesmas um conceito de economia. Os debates acadêmicos que então se travaram, nos termos dos próprios debatedores, tiveram em Moses Finley (1912-1986) um protagonista. A partir de uma análise das concepções de história econômica esposadas por Finley, dos mecanismos de validação de tais concepções e da trajetória desse historiador, esta tese procura iluminar algumas das condições sociais e epistemológicas que tornaram possível a reconfiguração das percepções acadêmicas modernas sobre a vida econômica antiga e estabelecer o papel por ele desempenhado nesse processo. / This thesis examines the role played by Moses I. Finley (1912-1986) in the academic controversies about ancient Greek and Roman economic history in the second half of the twentieth century. During the 1960s and 1970s, the studies on the ancient economy were transformed by systematic criticism of the use of formal economic notions in the analysis of societies which had not themselves forged a concept of economy. Among those who got involved in these debates, it is believed that Finley was its protagonist. Based on an analysis of the views on economic history held by Finley, of the mechanisms of validation of these views and of his trajectory, I try to elucidate some aspects of the social and epistemological conditions that made the reconfiguration of modern academic perception of ancient economic life possible.
4

Moses Finley e a \"economia antiga\" : a produção social de uma inovação historiográfica / Moses Finley and \"ancient economy\": the social production of an innovation historiographic

Miguel Soares Palmeira 12 September 2008 (has links)
Nas décadas de 1960 e 1970, os estudos sobre a economia antiga foram transformados pela crítica sistemática do emprego de noções econômicas formais a sociedades que não formularam elas mesmas um conceito de economia. Os debates acadêmicos que então se travaram, nos termos dos próprios debatedores, tiveram em Moses Finley (1912-1986) um protagonista. A partir de uma análise das concepções de história econômica esposadas por Finley, dos mecanismos de validação de tais concepções e da trajetória desse historiador, esta tese procura iluminar algumas das condições sociais e epistemológicas que tornaram possível a reconfiguração das percepções acadêmicas modernas sobre a vida econômica antiga e estabelecer o papel por ele desempenhado nesse processo. / This thesis examines the role played by Moses I. Finley (1912-1986) in the academic controversies about ancient Greek and Roman economic history in the second half of the twentieth century. During the 1960s and 1970s, the studies on the ancient economy were transformed by systematic criticism of the use of formal economic notions in the analysis of societies which had not themselves forged a concept of economy. Among those who got involved in these debates, it is believed that Finley was its protagonist. Based on an analysis of the views on economic history held by Finley, of the mechanisms of validation of these views and of his trajectory, I try to elucidate some aspects of the social and epistemological conditions that made the reconfiguration of modern academic perception of ancient economic life possible.
5

The production, consumption, and function of stone tools in prehispanic Central Mexico: a comparative study of households spanning the formative to postclassic period

Walton, David Patrick 25 October 2017 (has links)
This study evaluates how prehispanic central Mexicans made stone tools—primarily from obsidian—and used them in their homes over a period of 3,000 years. Mesoamerican scholars have often assumed the functional purposes of different lithic tools based on their material or technological attributes. Most limit their studies to single sites and extrapolate broader reconstructions of economic activities. I assess stone tool functions and associated economic activities through technological analyses of more than 43,000 lithic artifacts and, in addition, a feasibility study for high magnification use-wear analysis utilizing 589 of these artifacts from multiple household contexts in the central Mexican villages of Amomoloc (900-650 B.C.), Tetel (750-500 B.C.), and Mesitas (600-500 B.C.); the town of La Laguna (600 B.C.-A.D. 150); the city of Teotihuacan (A.D. 200-550); and the Aztec village of Cihuatecpan (A.D. 1150-1550). I determine that pressure blades—the most common tool form—were multifunctional. They were regularly modified via pressure trimming or notching and recycled through bipolar percussion to suit specific tasks. Blade production error rates decreased consistently, especially after the invention of core platform grinding near the end of the Classic period (A.D. 100-600). Preliminary results of the use-wear feasibility study suggest that certain tools became associated with specific tasks. Scrapers were mainly used to produce goods of maguey, wood, and hide. People came to use hafted atlatl dart points and bifacial knives almost exclusively for hunting and meat butchering tasks, respectively, and smaller bifacial drills mostly for shell craft production. Bipolar tools created through anvil percussion were more common during the Formative period (1500 B.C.-A.D. 100), when they were probably used as expedient kitchen utensils. Obsidian tools in central Mexico were not exclusively staple goods. Ritual bloodletting implements are spatially associated with communal altars and commoner and elite residences, but after the Epiclassic period (A.D. 600-900) bloodletting was restricted primarily to temples. Likewise, although weaponry was common during the Classic through Postclassic periods, and jewelry was relatively common during the Late Postclassic period (A.D. 1325-1521), in prehispanic times their spatial distributions were much more restricted across site contexts compared to obsidian staple goods. I demonstrate that in prehispanic central Mexico stone tools were produced and used primarily in household spaces, contrary to models that have emphasized sponsorship by elites or religious institutions. Residents produced stone tools in their homes primarily to satisfy their own needs during the Formative period. As rising populations contributed to urban densities and the development of marketplace economies, household lithic production increased to satisfy broader consumer demand. Producing households often specialized in blade production or followed a multicrafting strategy, in which the scale of production exceeded their own needs.
6

The Landscape of the Lion: Economies of Religion and Politics in the Nemean Countryside (800 B.C. to A.D. 700)

Cloke, Christian F. 26 May 2016 (has links)
No description available.
7

La Brittle Ware en Syrie: étude d'une production, de l'époque romaine à l'époque omeyyade.

Vokaer, Agnès A. L. L. 25 February 2005 (has links)
Cette thèse de doctorat constitue une première étude de synthèse de la céramique de cuisine (Brittle Ware), de l’époque romaine à l’époque omeyyade en Syrie. Cette recherche repose sur une approche méthodologique combinant un classement typologique des formes et un classement par groupes de pâtes. Le corpus étudié provient de plusieurs sites archéologiques de Syrie du nord, dont la céramique de cuisine est encore inédite et pour laquelle on ignore les centres de production (Apamée, Andarin, Alep et Dibsi Faraj). Ce travail a entrepris d’identifier le nombre d’ateliers et leur localisation, leur profil de production et leur aire de diffusion. Les objectifs sont de caractériser la production de Brittle Ware depuis la manufacture jusqu’aux contextes de consommation, L’étude chrono-typologique a permis de définir le répertoire de la Brittle Ware et de situer sa production entre l’époque hellénistique (3e av. J.-C.) et l’époque mamelouke (13e s. apr. J.-C.). Aux époques romaine, byzantine et omeyyade, un même assemblage formel, constituant un service de cuisine se diffuse dans toute la province antique de Syrie. Ce service de cuisine est constitué d’un pot à cuire haut et fermé qui devait servir aux liquides et aux bouillies, d’une casserole ouverte pour les plats mijotés et d’une cruche. L’analyse minéralogique et chimique des pâtes a identifié cinq groupes de pâte, correspondant à cinq zones de production. L’origine des matières premières exploitées a pu être localisée dans le nord-ouest de la Syrie, à proximité de l’Euphrate et dans le sud-ouest de la Syrie. L’étude des pâtes et des formes de Brittle Ware dans leur contexte géographique et chronologique a de surcroît montré que ces cinq sources d’argile correspondent à cinq centres de production. Les profils de ces centres de production ont pu être définis : leur durée d’activité et l’aire géographique de leur diffusion varie pour chacun d’entre eux. Quatre sont des ateliers syriens alors que le dernier semble être localisé plus au sud. Deux centres de production ont une diffusion supra-régionale (couvrant plusieurs zones géographiques). L’un diffuse ses produits de Syrie occidentale jusqu’à l’Euphrate et l’autre, moins attesté à l’est, constitue l’unique fournisseur de la ville d’Apamée. Les trois autres centres ont une distribution régionale. La plupart de ces ateliers partagent le même service de cuisine, témoignant de la transmission d’un savoir-faire technique et formel sur plusieurs générations. Alors qu’à l’époque hellénistique, on note sur quelques sites la présence d’une vaisselle culinaire différente, qui s’apparente aux traditions de l’Âge du Fer et de l’Âge du Bronze syrien, l’étude de la distribution de la Brittle Ware en Syrie révèle que celle-ci représente l’unique céramique de cuisine utilisée aux époques romaines et byzantines. En outre, les formes typiques de la Brittle Ware ne sont pas attestées en dehors des limites de la province antique de Syrie : en Cilicie, en Palestine ou à Chypre. Les céramiques culinaires des régions limitrophes de la Syrie constituent d’autres faciès régionaux qui partagent néanmoins des traditions formelles et techniques avec les productions de Brittle Ware. Ces autres faciès sont caractérisés par leurs répertoires typologiques spécifiques, par ailleurs inconnus en Syrie. Les cartes de distribution de la Brittle Ware et la comparaison avec les productions des régions limitrophes montrent par conséquent que la production de Brittle Ware représente un commerce à échelle supra-régionale, tourné essentiellement vers l’intérieur de la Syrie. Le fait que ce commerce ne dépasse pas les limites de la province, loin d’être un facteur négatif, indique que la production de Brittle Ware est suffisamment prospère pour défier la concurrence. L’étude des contextes de production de la Brittle Ware montre que cette catégorie de vaisselle, bien qu’utilitaire était l’objet d’une production de masse, diffusée à l’échelle d’une province et provenant sans doute de grands centres de production spécialisés. Cette recherche couvrant trois périodes historiques contribue à notre connaissance de l’économie syrienne, car elle illustre la pérennité des centres de production et de certains réseaux d’échange, depuis l’époque romaine jusqu’à la fin de l’époque omeyyade.
8

Die Bedeutung der praepositio für den Handelsverkehr im antiken Rom

Schlösser, Brigitte 11 July 2008 (has links)
Die praepositio als einseitiger Rechtsakt, mit dem ein Unternehmer eine Person zum selbständigen Abschluss von Verträgen und zur Durchführung von Rechtsgeschäften einsetzte, den Geschäftskreis des Angestellten absteckte und sich verpflichtete, in diesem Rahmen für dessen Verpflichtungen wie für eigene einzustehen, war ein wichtiger Bestandteil im Wirtschaftslebens des antiken Rom. Sie überbrückte die Lücke, die sich aus der wirtschaftlichen Notwendigkeit ergeben hatte, bei zunehmend arbeitsteiliger Wirtschaft denjenigen direkt verpflichten zu können, dessen Geschäfte geführt wurden, und der noch fehlenden direkten Stellvertretung. Sie bot dem jeweiligen Handelspartner die für Geschäftsabschlüsse notwendige Sicherheit, berechtigte Forderungen auch durchsetzen zu können, dem Unternehmer die Möglichkeit, durch Beschreibung des Geschäftskreises seines Angestellten Unternehmensziele zu definieren aber auch die eigene Haftung zu begrenzen, und dem Angestellten die Gewissheit, dass der Unternehmer für Verpflichtungen aus den von ihm im Rahmen seiner Befugnisse abgeschlossenen Rechtsgeschäften mit einstehen würde. Die praepositio hat damit wesentlich zur Fortbildung des Rechts beigetragen, indem sie die stark obligationenrechtliche Bindung der Vertragsparteien langsam aufgelöst und damit den Weg zur direkten Stellvertretung geebnet hat. / Praepositio was the unilateral act by a businessman granting authority to an employee. This act gave authority to the latter to conclude and execute contracts with third parties. It described the area of accountability of the employee’s activity and engaged the businessman to answer for the obligations concluded by his employee. Praepositio thus bridged the gap between the necessity to act on behalf of another person and the rules of agency which did not yet exist in the modern understanding. Thus, it played an important role in the economic life of Ancient Rome. Praepositio provided a third party the assurance that, in the end, his contractual claims will be honoured. At the same time, the businessman was enabled to define the goals of his enterprise and to limit his own responsibility. Finally, the employee had the necessary assurance that the businessman will honour the obligations which were concluded within the limits described by the praepositio. Hence, the praepositio was an important step towards the suspension of the strict person-to-person relationship of the Roman law and towards agency in the modern understanding.
9

Pouvoir et prestige des élites locales en Égypte à la Première Période intermédiaire : études sur l’administration et la société égyptiennes de la fin du IIIe millénaire / Power and Prestige of Local Elites in First Intermediate Period Egypt : Studies on Egyptian Administration and Society at the End of the 3rd Millennium

Pillon, Andrea 08 March 2018 (has links)
La Première Période intermédiaire égyptienne est souvent perçue comme une époque de crise de l’autorité royale, de morcellement politique du pays et de perte des valeurs éthiques traditionnels. Cette recherche a l’ambition de vérifier l’état de ce changement dans l’organisation sociale à travers le prisme de l’histoire institutionnelle. Les sources primaires analysées sont principalement les textes commémoratifs des notables des villes et des membres de leur maisonnée : il s’agit de titres, d’épithètes et de récits autobiographiques qui révèlent comment les rangs supérieurs de la société définissaient leur autorité, c’est-à-dire leur pouvoir et leur prestige. L’étude de leurs fonctions et de leur comportement dans quatre secteurs administratifs (l’administration centrale, territoriale, l’administration des palais et des temples) et dans le domaine privé permet de conclure que la Première Période intermédiaire ne représente pas une césure nette avec le passé. En revanche, l’augmentation des centres ayant leurs propres ateliers qui produisent des monuments inscrits offre une photographie inédite sur les sociétés urbaines et sur les liens que les élites de province entretenaient avec la capitale à la fin du IIIe millénaire. Des aspects caractéristiques de la Première Période intermédiaire, comme l’importance des activités militaires, sont aussi envisagés. / Egypt's First Intermediate Period is often portrayed as a time of crisis of the royal authority, political fragmentation, and loss of traditional ethical values. The aim of this research is to assess the features of this transformation in the social organization, through the lens of institutional history. The primary sources analysed are chiefly the commemorative texts of the towns' dignitaries and the members of their households; they includes titles, epithets, and autobiographical records that reveal how the higher ranks of society defined their authority, i.e. their power and prestige. The study of the roles and behaviour of these individuals within four administrative areas (i.e. central, territorial, palace, and temple administration) and in the private domain makes it possible to conclude that the First Intermediate Period does not constitute a clear break with the past. On the other hand, the increase in the number of centres that were provided with their own workshops for the production of inscribed monuments offers a new view of the contemporary urban societies, and of the link that the provincial elites maintain with the capital at the end of the 3rd millennium. Some features distinctive of the First Intermediate Period (for instance, the importance of military activities) are also considered.
10

L’artisanat dans les cités antiques de l’Algérie / Urban crafts in ancient Algeria

Amraoui, Touatia 14 December 2013 (has links)
Cette étude analyse la place de l’artisanat et des artisans dans les villes antiques de l’Algérie en faisant le point sur la documentation disponible – archives, rapports de fouilles, plans, photos et publications. S’appuyant sur un travail de terrain, les données mises à jour ont apporté des précisions ou des éléments nouveaux sur les ateliers urbains découverts entre le XIXe s. et la seconde moitié du XXe s. : les vestiges de chaque installation sont localisés, décrits et documentés ; une datation est proposée quand cela est possible. Ce travail conduit à nuancer ou à réfuter plusieurs interprétations de nos prédécesseurs puisqu’après examen, des vestiges signalés comme des ateliers s’avèrent finalement avoir eu une autre fonction. En revanche, les installations artisanales identifiées avec certitude permettent d’étudier plus en détail les caractéristiques typologiques et techniques propres à chaque spécialité attestée : les artisanats alimentaires, la production et le traitement des textiles, la production de céramique, d’objets en verre et en métal, et les métiers de la construction. La comparaison entre les spécificités techniques des ateliers antiques algériens et celles des ateliers d’époque romaine découverts ailleurs en Méditerranée permettent de reconnaître des similitudes très fortes mais également quelques différences locales, africaines. Dans un second temps, l’étude de la répartition et de la localisation des ateliers dans le tissu urbain conduit à préciser les raisons de l’implantation des lieux de métier dans un lieu donné notamment selon leur spécialité. Il apparaît que les choix de l’implantation étaient davantage guidés par les besoins d’approvisionnement en matières premières que par les nuisances que ces activités pouvaient éventuellement occasionner : les ateliers étaient localisés aussi bien dans les quartiers périphériques que dans les quartiers résidentiels. D’autre part, l’analyse des inscriptions permet de faire le point sur les informations qu’elles transmettent au sujet des artisans et de leur statut social. / This study analyzes the place of crafts and the craftsmen in the antique cities of Algeria by reviewing the available documentation - archival, reports of excavations, plans, photos and publications. Leaning on a field work, the updated data brought precision or new elements on the urban workshops discovered between 19th and second half of 20th centuries: the remains of each installation are located, described and documented; a dating is proposed when it is possible. This work of analysis leads to qualify or to refute several interpretations of our predecessors because after consideration, vestiges indicated as workshops finally appear to have not been correctly identified. On the other hand, the craft installations identified with certainty allow studying more in detail the typological and technical characteristics of every attested speciality: the food crafts, the production and the processing of textile industries, the production of ceramic, glass and metal objects, and the crafts of building. The comparison between the technical specificities of the antique algerian workshops and those roman workshops discovered somewhere else in the Empire bring us to recognize very strong similarities but also some local, african differences. Secondly, the study of the distribution and the location of workshops in the city leads to specify the reasons of the presence of the officinae in a specific place according to their speciality. It seems that the choices of establishment were more guided by the needs for supply of raw materials and not by the nuisances which these activities could possibly cause: workshops were located as well in the suburbs as in the residential districts. To finish, the analysis of the inscriptions brings some information about craftsmen and about their social status.

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