This thesis is a study of zandaqa, or heresy, in the early medieval period of al-Andalus. The goal of this work is to uncover subtexts between caliphal power and legal authority through an analysis of the historiography of the Andalusian Muhammad ibn `Abd Allah Ibn Masarra al-Jabali (d. 319/931). This is accomplished by applying the Foucauldian theories of limit and transgression on the scholarly reconstructions of his life. The formation of the madhahib in al-Andalus, the construction of Orthodoxy and Heresy in Islam, and the historical-legal development of zandaqa colours how scholars have approached the subject, and leads to questions concerning the relationship that marginal or subversive intellectual developments had with authoritative bodies. The resulting play of divergent and authoritative discourses that emerge from a Post-Modernist analysis of the Masarrian context have the capacity to illustrate intellectual developments within early Andalusian society and provide an alternate explanatory narrative for historical reconstruction.

No description available.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silvia Elena Alegre.pdf: 2519422 bytes, checksum: fbaf1b104e2009f4f6e391bbc421ef2c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research deals with the Andalusian immigrants, attracted by the offer of tickets financed by the São Paulo government, aimed at working in the coffee plantations in the countryside of the São Paulo state. Immigration performed by free tickets was highly dependent on the recruitment activity, which was prohibited by the Spanish law. When, in 1910, the Spanish government banned subsidized emigration to Brazil, the boarding of workers continued to be carried out from the English port of Gibraltar, outside its jurisdiction. This paper seeks to show how the São Paulo coffee growers, committed to keeping active flow of labor to the plantations in sufficient quantity to provide a surplus that would allow a favorable negotiation to their interests, were directly involved with the agencies responsible for the attraction and overseas transportation of immigrants even when this activity involved breaking the law. The participation of the coffee growers elite and their representatives in the São Paulo state government in the trafficking of immigrants to the farms reveals the relationship of the Brazilian ruling classes with the law, a relationship marked by arbitrariness and wide maneuvering margin. The analysis of the case here presented, researched from crossing the Spanish and Brazilian documentation, is an attempt to understand the paradoxical aspects of the modernization of Brazil ingrained with remains from the colonial past / Esta pesquisa trata dos imigrantes andaluzes, atraídos pelo oferecimento de passagens custeadas pelo governo de São Paulo, destinados ao trabalho nas fazendas de café do interior paulista. A imigração realizada por meio de passagens gratuitas foi altamente dependente da atividade de recrutamento, que era proibida pela legislação espanhola. Quando, em 1910, a emigração subsidiada para o Brasil foi proibida pelo governo espanhol, o embarque dos trabalhadores continuou a ser realizado a partir do porto inglês de Gibraltar, fora de sua jurisdição. Este trabalho procura mostrar como os cafeicultores paulistas, empenhados em manter ativo o fluxo de braços para a lavoura em quantidade suficiente para garantir um excedente que permitisse uma negociação favorável aos seus interesses, estiveram diretamente envolvidos com as agências encarregadas da atração e transporte oceânico de imigrantes mesmo quando a realização desta atividade implicou na transgressão das leis que a proibiam. A participação das elites cafeicultoras, e de seus representantes no governo do Estado de São Paulo, no tráfico de imigrantes para as fazendas, é reveladora da relação das classes dominantes brasileiras com a lei, relação marcada pela arbitrariedade e pela grande margem de manobra. A análise do caso que apresentamos, pesquisado a partir do cruzamento da documentação espanhola e brasileira, constitui uma tentativa de entender aspectos da paradoxal modernização do Brasil impregnada de permanências do passado colonial

The thesis deals with sustainable tourism in the largest region of Spain - Andalusia. The subjects of the investigation are two selected types of tourism -- recreational tourism and golf tourism. Tourism is a key and strategic element of Andalusian economy, which, however, due to exhaustion of the traditional model started from the 80th years to stagnate and highlighted the need to protect the environment. The extensive nature of tourism has caused the depletion of scarce resources in destinations, problems with urbanization in tourist destinations, seasonal fluctuations and negative impacts on the environment. The thesis is thus concerned with how to implement tools for sustainable tourism in the region. It includes analysis of documents from this area, specifically Plan for protection of the environment of Andalusia until 2017, Agenda 21 for Andalusia and the General plan for sustainable tourism in Andalusia 2008 - 2011. In the part of thesis with the suggestions are reviewed documents for the sustainability of beaches that are a condition for the development of recreational tourism and also the golf courses that quality plays an important role in the development of golf tourism in the region. Andalusian coast is a key area for the application of the principles of sustainable development and one solution is to diversify the tourist offer in the rural, sport, cultural and congress tourism. The seasonal nature of recreational tourism can be mitigated through the development and promotion of golf tourism. The analysis showed that for recreational tourism, there is a need for amendments in legislation on national and regional level, the local authorities must develop activities in order to make the beaches accessible for all segments of tourism, because their actual aspect and equipment does not respond the aspect outlined in the strategies and action plans. Golf tourism is a priority area for development and a segment of tourism with a strategic and high potential. On the other hand construction of golf course brings change of the landscape, damage of natural and cultural heritage, biodiversity loss and constant pressure on resources - particularly water and soil pollution by excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides. But most of these negative effects can be minimized or completely eliminated with good planning, locating, constructing and managing a golf course. The important tools for sustainability are, as for recreational tourism just like for golf tourism, certificates of quality.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 176-194). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

In the context of globalization, the idea of place is reputed to be losing its footing. This thesis explores the implications of these developments with respect to the way that place is constructed in law by focusing on tensions between the concept of jurisdiction and the ways that the contexts of law overspill it, threatening to engulf comparative analysis. Central to the idea that jurisdiction is losing its familiar moorings is the implication that other forms of thinking about legal normativity are emerging as more commonsensical alternatives to the state-based idea of jurisdiction that emerged in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The thesis explores this hypothesis by bringing elements of the discipline of comparative law (conventionally state based) into play with elements of the discipline of legal anthropology (conventionally culture based). The focus for this theoretical intrigue is an Gitano population in the South of Spain that served as the fieldwork locale for seven months of ethnographic fieldwork carried out in 1995. Investigations are centered on the theme of family law. Familiar notions of state and culture, and the legal sensibilities associated with each, are examined through exploring the interplay between local expressions of Gitanitude in Jerez de la Frontera and regional, national, international, and global forces that structure legal sensibilities in the area. The first chapter explores the interplay by focusing on the context surrounding Spain's reforms to family law in the 1980s. The familiar frontiers of the state are prodded through this analysis. The second chapter then explores the frontiers of culture through an examination of a variety of expressions of Gitanitude in Spain. The third chapter brings modified versions of state and culture together in a reconceptualisation of family law. As a whole, the thesis suggests a new way of approaching the problematic relationship between context and the disciplines of comparative law an

The aim of the thesis Tourism in Spain in Time of Economic and Debt Crisis is to evaluate the development of tourism in Spain and to define the role of this sector in the context of economic crisis by which the country has been strongly affected in recent years. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the economic profile of the country, the second part deals with the characteristics of tourism in Spain and the third part is a case study of Andalusia, which is an autonomous region of Spain most affected by the crisis. This part involves the introduction of Andalusia as an important tourist destination, evaluation of tourism as a major pillar of Andalusian economy and SWOT analysis of Andalusia which is based on all the findings. In conclusion, the author presents her suggestions regarding the development of tourism in Spain and the use of its unfulfilled potential.

This thesis examines how social distance in terms of different relationships affects the usage of linguistic resources, with a focus on the Spanish region Andalusia. The aim is to investigate how relationships between different interlocutors affect language, and particularly what different strategies of politeness are being used, and how these differ regarding each interlocutor presented. For the investigation, there are two main types of speech acts used: invitation and request. 30 native and residential Andalusians have participated in the investigation and answered a survey concerning several social situations. The results show that indirect types of politeness strategies are in general more produced when the social distance is extensive. Furthermore, the results of the investigation indicate that politeness strategies can also differ between interlocutors that do not reflect an exceeding social distance. The results presented in this thesis contribute to the research field of sociolinguistics with focus on how social distance affect the usage of politeness in the Andalusian region, which will be useful for making comparisons between different regions in the Spanish speaking world.

No description available.