Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Despite the archaeological potential present in Sergipe region, being the representative the site Justino located in the area of Xingó the valley of São Francisco, there are few studies regarding the pre-history of the state. Therewith new projects are in progress and one of them it is the archaeological survey of the basin the River Vaza Barris, where from it there was identification of the site Colonia Miranda, located in the city of Sao Cristovao, Sergipe state. Therewith this dissertation will work with the archeology of the gestures that searches through a structural analysis, based on of the anthropology of techniques possible technological aspects of the groups the past that occupied the region. Based on concepts like operating chain, total man, motor behaviors and habitus, this work will infer the relationship about the gesture and the influence of cultural tradition for the incorporation of techniques in the production stage and functioning. / Apesar da potencialidade arqueológica presente na região de Sergipe, tendo como principal representante o sítio Justino, localizado na área da UHE de Xingó no vale do São Francisco, ainda há poucos estudos referente a pré-história do estado. Com isso novos projetos estão em andamento e um deles trata-se do levantamento arqueológico da Bacia do Rio Vaza Barris, onde a partir dele houve a identificação do sítio Colônia Miranda, localizado no município de São Cristovão, estado de Sergipe. A partir daí a presente dissertação irá trabalhar com a arqueologia dos gestos, que busca através de uma análise estrutural, baseada na antropologia das técnicas, possíveis aspectos tecnológicos dos grupos pretéritos que ocuparam a região. Tendo por base conceitos como cadeia operatória, homem total, condutas motoras e habitus, o presente trabalho irá inferir sobre a relação do gesto e a influência da tradição cultural para a incorporação das técnicas na etapa de produção e funcionamento dos instrumentos.

L'intenzione che sottende il mio progetto di tesi è analizzare alcuni tratti dell'antropologia pedagogica, in particolar modo novecentesca, alla luce di un vettore d'analisi rilevante quale può essere l'agire umano. La ricerca è strutturata in quattro parti. La prima intende porre in risalto alcune connotazioni pedagogiche che emergono dalle proposte attivistiche, richiamando, mediante questa “rivoluzione copernicana dell'educazione”, le implicazioni educative concernenti la riflessione sull'agire dell'educando, alla luce di un innovativo paradigma antropologico. La seconda si prefigge lo scopo di esplorare l'attività come categoria pedagogica in tre autori (Gentile, Dewey e Maritain) fondamentali nella pedagogia novecentesca, secondo il peculiare profilo teoretico di ciascuno. Nella terza parte mi preme mettere a fuoco la delicata interconnessione tra “tecnica” ed “agire” in riferimento all'essere umano, movendo dall'incombente avanzare della tecnica e analizzando le sue ripercussioni sull'antropologia dell'educazione. Infine, nella quarta, la prospettiva che intendo perseguire è una “ricostruzione” dell'antropologia pedagogica d'ispirazione metafisica che ponga in risalto l'agire umano nelle sue implicazioni di senso e significato. / This research project is aimed to analyze some features of pedagogical anthropology - especially XXth century one - in the light of the relevant tool of analysis of human acting. The research is divided into four parts. The first aims to highlight a number of pedagogical connotations that emerge from the activist proposals. Through this “Copernican revolution of education”, it recalls the educational implications concerning the reflection on the educandum's acting, in the light of an innovative anthropological paradigm. The second section provides an exploration of activity as a pedagogical category in three fundamental authors of XXth century pedagogy, namely Gentile, Dewey and Maritain, from the perspective of their peculiar theoretical approaches. In the third part I focus on the delicate interconnection between “techniques” and “acting” in the human being, moving from the impending progress of technics and analyzing its repercussions on anthropology and education. Finally, in the fourth part I intend to pursue a “reconstruction” of pedagogical anthropology of metaphysical inspiration that foregrounds human acting in its sense and meaning implications.

Le concept d’un « dispositif d’objets » présent dans le Portrait d’un marchand (v. 1530) de Jan Gossart et le Portrait du marchand Georg Gisze (1532) d’Hans Holbein le Jeune a pour objectif de porter un regard nouveau sur des œuvres trop souvent réduites à des notions d’esthétisme et de symbolisme. En utilisant une approche pluridisciplinaire à notre analyse, nous voulons promouvoir les objets comme acteur dominant dans la mise en scène de l’identité sociale du marchand au 16e siècle. L’association entre histoire de l’art et anthropologie des techniques permet la validation d’une scénographie de la culture matérielle marchande, ainsi que le dégagement d’un commentaire social inhérent à la proposition artistique de Gossart et Holbein. L’intérêt d’une étude orientée sur les objets promet également l’ouverture d’une réflexion sur la manière de concevoir le portrait d’occupation indépendamment de la valeur anagogique qui lui est généralement associée à la Renaissance. Le Portrait d’un marchand et le Portrait du marchand Georg Gisze attestent d’un moment ponctuel dans la production spatio-temporelle des portraits de marchands en Europe du Nord au 16e siècle. L’analogie confondante qui unit les deux œuvres prend son essence dans la thématique visuelle engendrée par le « dispositif d’objets ». / The concept of an object system, as found in Jan Gossart’s Portrait of a Merchant (ca. 1530) and Hans Holbein the Younger’s Georg Gisze (1532) aims to reevaluate works which are too often reduced to aesthetics and symbolism. By means of a multidisciplinary approach, the study aims to promote the objects represented in the paintings as the dominant actors in the staging of the social identity of the sixteenth-century merchant. The association between art history and anthropology of techniques allows the validation of a scenography of the material merchant culture, as well as the emergence of a social commentary inherent to Gossart’s and Holbein’s artistic work. Attention to an object-oriented study also allows for new insights into how to understand the occupational portrait independently of an anagogical value, which is generally attributed to the Renaissance period. The Portrait of a Merchant and portrait of Georg Gisze attest to a specific moment in the production of merchant portraits in northern Europe during the sixteenth century. The apparently disparate works are united by the object system represented in the paintings.