As globalization influences today’s world markets, many organisations are becoming global. An important challenge facing multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the global market is to manage the performance appraisal of expatriates out on assignment. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the appraisal process of Swedish expatriates. There has been research on expatriate appraisals in the past; however, only few of them have focused on Scandinavian MNEs. Therefore, we will investigate the effect Scandinavian management style has on the appraisal process of Swedish expatriates.   The data in our thesis is collected through semi-structured interviews with listed Swedish MNEs. The empirical findings were then compared on our revised model that reflects the characteristics of Scandinavian management style.   The results of this thesis indicate that there are some relationships between characteristics of Scandinavian management style and the appraisal process of Swedish expatriates. A collaborative approach to Human Resource Management (HRM) practices is common in Scandinavian countries, as well as focus on creating a partnership culture between employer and employee and we found that such characteristics had a large impact on attributes in the appraisal process. Scandinavian MNEs can use the conclusions drawn from the study as guidelines for performing effective appraisals of their expatriates.   However, the findings are only a minor contribution to this poorly investigated field, which needs further investigation. Suggestion for future research could be to do a similar investigation on a larger scale, and with a bigger sample.

Uppsatsens titel: Kommer den kommersiella fastighetsvärderingsprocessen automatiseras? En studie i uppfattningarna hos verksamma aktörer inom den svenska kommersiella fastighetsbranschen. Författare: Victoria Fristedt Handledare: Peter Palm Problemformulering: Digitaliseringen av den kommersiella fastighetvärderingsprocessen är på framfart. Genom allt snabbare utvecklad teknologi uppstår nya möjligheter att implementera effektiviserande tekniska lösningar. Det verkar kunna bli tekniskt möjligt att gå från en manuell till en automatiserad värderingsprocess för kommersiella fastigheter. Ingen tidigare forskning har genomförts med syfte att undersöka vad verksamma inom den svenska värderingsbranschen förutspår för framtiden. Således förefaller det relevant att undersöka vilka uppfattningar angående automatisering som finns hos personer som är verksamma inom kommersiell fastighetsvärdering. Dessutom är det intressant att undersöka på vilket sätt teknologi kan effektivisera värderingsprocessen. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka vilka uppfattningar verksamma aktörer inom den kommersiella fastighetsvärderingsbranschen har rörande automatisering samt framväxande teknologi. I tillägg syftar studien till att undersöka vilka fördelar respektive nackdelar det kan medföra att gå från en manuell till en mer automatiserad värderingsprocess. Frågeställningar: - Vilka uppfattningar finns kring en automatiserad värderingsprocess hos verksamma aktörer inom den kommersiella fastighetsvärderingsbranschen? - Skulle värderingsprocessen kunna effektiviseras med hjälp av teknologi, och om så är fallet, hur? Metod: Studien har en kvalitativ ansats. Semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts med professionella som är verksamma inom olika delar av den kommersiella fastighetsvärderingsbranschen. Syftet med detta var att få ett så nyanserat resultat som möjligt. Respondenternas svar har blivit analyserade med avstamp i tidigare forskning för att nå rimliga slutsatser. Slutsatser: Fastighetsbranschens inställning till en automatiserad värderingsprocess är vad som kommer avgöra om processen blir automatiserad eller ej. Det verkar troligt att teknologin kommer att vara tillgänglig innan branschen är övertygad om att den är pålitlig nog. Nyckelord: Kommersiella fastigheter, Fastighetsvärdering, Automatisering, Digitalisering / Title: Will the Appraisal Process for Commercial Real Estate be Automated? A Study on the Perceptions Amongst Professionals Operating Within the Swedish CRE Industry Author: Victoria Fristedt Supervisor: Peter Palm Problem: The digitalization of the appraisal process for commercial real estate is emerging. With rapid development of technologies, the opportunities to implement new efficient solutions arises. There seems to be a possibility that the process of appraising CRE can transfer from manual to automated. It has not yet been researched what professionals operating within the CRE appraisal industry in Sweden predict about the future. Thus, a study that aims to research what the perceptions of implementing automated systems are, as well as looking into how the appraisal process can become more efficient with help from technology, can be considered relevant. Aim: The aim of the study is to investigate the perceptions of automation and emerging technologies amongst Swedish appraisers, system developers, banks and CRE owners. Furthermore, the aim is to investigate potential advantages and disadvantages of going from a manual appraisal process to a more automated one. Research questions: - What is the perception of automation amongst people operating in the CRE appraisal industry in Sweden? - Could technology make the appraisal process for CRE more efficient and if so, then how? Method: The study is performed with a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews have been performed with professionals operating within different parts of the CRE appraisal industry in order to achieve an as nuanced results as possible. The respondents’ answers have been analyzed along with what previous research has shown in order to reach reasonable conclusions. Conclusion: The mindset of the industry is likely to determine the future of the automated appraisal process for CRE. The technology is most likely to be accessible long before the industry is convinced of its trustworthiness. Keywords: Commercial Real Estate, Automation, Appraisal, Digitalization

<p>This study found that the performance appraisal process, in particular, is an instrument of the performance appraisal system that contributes tremendous value to planning and implementation. The research found that the performance appraisal process in the City of Cape Town can be improved through addressing the process and improving the approaches followed by the managers in daily appraisals, which can be done by following the complete process and including all the steps it involves, and by having a positive attitude towards the performance appraisal process. This mini&ndash / thesis also provides a set of conclusions and recommendations for the performance management and performance appraisal system, particularly regarding appraisal process enhancement. It is hoped that the lessons learned through this study will inform current practices and provide information for future research at local government level.</p>

<p>This study found that the performance appraisal process, in particular, is an instrument of the performance appraisal system that contributes tremendous value to planning and implementation. The research found that the performance appraisal process in the City of Cape Town can be improved through addressing the process and improving the approaches followed by the managers in daily appraisals, which can be done by following the complete process and including all the steps it involves, and by having a positive attitude towards the performance appraisal process. This mini&ndash / thesis also provides a set of conclusions and recommendations for the performance management and performance appraisal system, particularly regarding appraisal process enhancement. It is hoped that the lessons learned through this study will inform current practices and provide information for future research at local government level.</p>

Masters in Public Administration - MPA / This study found that the performance appraisal process, in particular, is an instrument of the performance appraisal system that contributes tremendous value to planning and implementation. The research found that the performance appraisal process in the City of Cape Town can be improved through addressing the process and improving the approaches followed by the managers in daily appraisals, which can be done by following the complete process and including all the steps it involves, and by having a positive attitude towards the performance appraisal process. This mini&ndash;thesis also provides a set of conclusions and recommendations for the performance management and performance appraisal system, particularly regarding appraisal process enhancement. It is hoped that the lessons learned through this study will inform current practices and provide information for future research at local government level. / South Africa