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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Impacto da introdução do sistema microbiológico automatizado Phoenix™ na evolução clínica das infecções de corrente sanguínea hospitalares por Enterobacteriaceae / Impact of the introduction of the Phoenix™ automated microbiology system on clinical outcomes of nosocomial bloodstream infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae

Callefi, Luciana Azevedo [UNIFESP] 28 September 2011 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-09-28 / A familia Enterobacteriaceae e uma importante causa de infeccao da corrente sanguinea (ICS). O aumento da resistencia microbiana e um fator complicador no tratamento dessas infeccoes, fazendo com que a concentracao inibitoria minima (CIM) tenha um papel importante na analise do antibiograma. No Hospital Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, ate agosto de 2007, os testes de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana (TSA) de hemoculturas para enterobacterias eram realizados atraves do metodo de discodifusao. A partir desta data, os TSA passaram a ser realizados atraves do sistema microbiologico automatizado Phoenix., que fornece uma CIM aproximada por microdiluicao. Embora a importancia da CIM seja bem documentada em estudos com Staphylococcus aureus meticilino-resistente (MRSA), nao ha estudo analisando o impacto que esses sistemas automatizados teriam sobre a evolucao clinica dessas infeccoes. Objetivos: comparar a evolucao clinica das ICS hospitalares por enterobacterias no periodo nao-automatizado versus periodo automatizado, determinar a prevalencia de enterobacterias causadoras de ICS no periodo de estudo e analisar os fatores associados a mortalidade em 14 dias das ICS hospitalares por enterobacterias. Metodo: trata-se de um estudo tipo coorte retrospectivo, onde foram avaliadas as ICS hospitalares por enterobacterias nos periodos nao-automatizado (agosto de 2006 a julho de 2007) e automatizado (agosto de 2008 a julho de 2009) do Hospital Sao Paulo - UNIFESP. Na segunda etapa do estudo, os pacientes foram realocados e divididos em obitos e sobreviventes ate 14 dias do diagnostico da infeccao para analisar os preditores de mortalidade dessas infeccoes. Resultados: foram avaliados 90 e 106 pacientes nos periodos nao-automatizado e automatizado, respectivamente. Houve a prevalencia do sexo masculino e a media de idade de 60 anos em ambos periodos. No periodo com automacao, os pacientes apresentaram maior escore APACHE II (p< 0,001), fizeram mais uso de imunossupressores (p < 0,001) e ocorreu maior incidencia de ICS associada a cateter venoso central (p = 0,002). As enterobacterias mais prevalentes foram a Klebsiella spp (36,6% e 43,3%) e Proteus spp (13,3% e 18,8%), respectivamente, no periodo nao-automatizado e automatizado. Nao houve diferenca significativa quanto a adequacao do tratamento (p = 0,45), resposta clinica (p= 0,75) e obito . 7 dias (p= 0,79), . 14 dias (p= 0,94) e . 28 dias (p= 0,12) entre periodos. Quando realocamos os pacientes que apresentaram obito ate 14 dias do diagnostico da infeccao (n= 46) em comparacao com sobreviventes em 14 dias (n= 150), os preditores que se associaram independentemente com a mortalidade foram: choque séptico (OR = 7,04; IC 95%= 2,92 – 17,01; p < 0,001) e uso de imunossupressores (OR= 2,23; IC 95%= 1,01 – 4,93; p= 0,01). Conclusão: A introdução do sistema microbiológico automatizado Phoenix™ não demonstrou impacto na evolução clínica das infecções de corrente sanguínea hospitalares por enterobactérias. Klebsiella spp e Proteus spp foram os agentes etiológicos mais prevalentes em ambos os períodos. Choque séptico e uso de imunossupressores foram os únicos fatores associados a mortalidade em 14 dias das ICS hospitalares por enterobactérias. / The family Enterobacteriaceae is an important cause of bloodstream infections (BSI). The increasing antimicrobial resistance is a complicating factor in treating these infections, thus the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) plays a key role in the analysis of susceptibility. Until August 2007, the antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of blood cultures for Enterobacteriaceae were performed by disk diffusion method at Hospital Sao Paulo - UNIFESP. As of this date, the AST began to be performed through the Phoenix. automated microbiology system, which provides an approximated MIC by microdilution. Although the importance of MIC is well documented in studies with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), there is no study analyzing the impact of automated systems on clinical outcomes of these infections. Objectives: To compare the clinical outcomes of nosocomial BSI caused by Enterobacteriaceae during the non-automated versus automated period; to determine the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae species causing BSI during the study period and analyze the factors associated with 14-day mortality. Method: This is a retrospective cohort study that evaluated nosocomial BSIs caused by Enterobacteriaceae in the periods non-automated (August 2006 to July 2007) and automated (August 2008 to July 2009) at Hospital Sao Paulo - UNIFESP. In the second part of the study, patients were realocated and divided into deaths and survivors within 14 days of diagnosis of infection to analyze the predictors of mortality. Results: We evaluated 90 and 106 patients in non-automated and automated periods, respectively. There was a male prevalence and the average age was 60 years in both periods. During the automated period, patients had higher APACHE II score (p <0.001), higher use of immunosuppressive drugs (p <0.001) and there was a greater incidence of central venous catheter-related BSI (p = 0.002). Klebsiella spp (36.6% and 43.3%) and Proteus spp (13.3% and 18.8%) respectively, during the non-automated and automated period were the most prevalent Enterobacteriaceae species. There was no significant difference regarding the adequacy of treatment (p = 0.45), clinical response (p = 0.75) and death . 7 days (p = 0.79), . 14 days (p = 0.94) and . 28 days (p = 0.12) between the periods. The predictors independently associated with mortality were septic shock (OR = 7.04; IC 95%= 2,92 . 17,01; p <0.001) and use of immunosuppressive therapy (OR = 2.23; IC 95%= 1,01 . 4,93; p = 0.01). Conclusion: The introduction of Phoenix. automated microbiology system showed no impact on clinical outcomes of bloodstream infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae. Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp were the most prevalent pathogens in both periods. Septic shock and the use of immunosuppressive drugs were the only factors associated with 14-day mortality among those patients. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

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