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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Distribuição espacial de Biomphalaria sp e sua influência na infecção humana por Schistosoma mansoni no município de Ilha das Flores, Sergipe / SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF BIOMPHALARIA SP AND ITS INFLUENCE ON HUMAN INFECTION WITH SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF ILHA DAS FLORES, SERGIPE.

Barboza, Delmany Moitinho 12 December 2011 (has links)
Spatial distribution of Biomphalaria sp and its influence on human infection by S. mansoni in the municipality of Ilha das Flores, Sergipe. Barboza DM, Aracaju - Sergipe, 2011. The expansion of schistosomiasis is directly linked to the spatial distribution of intermediate hosts of S. mansoni, in the northeast of Brazil are snails of the genus Biomphalaria, B. glabrata and B. straminea. The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution of Biomphalaria sp in an endemic area for schistosomiasis and to evaluate the relationship between irrigation, natural water sources, water contact and the of human infection intensity with S. mansoni. This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study, conducted in the municipality of Ilha das Flores, one of the largest producers of the rice in the state of Sergipe, located in the Lower San Francisco, on the banks of the Rio San Francisco. Malacological survey, parasitological examination and a questionnaire with data water sources exposure was conducted in the inhabitants of this municipality. The Geographic Information System was used to map the distribution of Biomphalaria sp and water sources. The georeferenced database was created in the software SPRING 5.0 and ArcGIS 9.3. The photo-interpretation of the area was carried out using aerial photographs and images of the Sino-Brazilian satellite CBERS 2B. The images and photos georeferencing of was made through the acquisition of control points acquired in the field with Global Positioning System (GPS). We identified two species of Biomphalaria in the endemic area, and the B. glabrata found more and more infected than B. straminea. The malacological study results show a competitive selection among species of Biomphalaria with a predominance of B. glabrata in water sources related to the irrigation system and B. straminea in natural water sources. We observed a direct correlation between the intensity of human infection and human contact with water sources related to irrigation. We conclude that the rice cultivation and irrigation systems have an impact on human infection with S. mansoni. / Distribuição espacial de Biomphalaria sp e sua influência na infecção humana por Schistosoma mansoni no município de Ilha das Flores, Sergipe. Barboza DM, Aracaju Sergipe, 2011. A expansão da esquistossomose está diretamente ligada à distribuição espacial dos hospedeiros intermediários do S. mansoni, que no nordeste do Brasil são caramujos do gênero Biomphalaria, B. glabrata e B. straminea. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a distribuição espacial de Biomphalaria sp em uma área endêmica para esquistossomose e avaliar às relações entre irrigação, fontes hídricas naturais, contato com água e a intensidade da infecção humana por S. mansoni. Este foi um estudo epidemiológico de corte transversal, realizado no município de Ilha das Flores, um dos maiores produtores de arroz do estado de Sergipe, localizado na região do Baixo São Francisco, às margens do Rio São Francisco. Foi realizado estudo malacológico da área e exame parasitológico seguido de questionário sobre contato com fontes hídricas em moradores deste município. O Sistema de Informações Geográficas foi utilizado para mapear a distribuição de Biomphalaria sp e as fontes hídricas. O Banco de Dados Georeferenciados foi criado nos Software SPRING 5.0 e ArcGIS 9.3. A fotointerpretação da área foi realizada utilizando-se fotografias aéreas e por imagens do satélite sino-brasileiro CBERS 2B. O georeferenciamento das imagens e das fotos foi realizado através da aquisição de pontos de controle adquiridos em campo com Sistema de Posicionamento Global (GPS). Foram identificadas duas espécies de Biomphalaria na área endêmica, sendo B. glabrata encontrada em maior número e mais infectada que B. stramínea. Os resultados do estudo malacológico demonstram uma seleção competitiva entre as espécies de Biomphalaria com uma predominância de B. glabrata nas fontes hídricas relacionadas ao sistema de irrigação e B. straminea em fontes hídricas naturais. Observamos uma correlação direta entre a intensidade da infecção humana e o contato humano com as fontes hídricas relacionados à irrigação. Concluímos que a rizicultura e o sistema de irrigação têm impacto sobre a infecção humana pelo S. mansoni.
2

Décryptage du Polymorphisme de Compatibilité dans l’interaction entre Biomphalaria glabrata et Schistosoma mansoni : une approche intégrative / Compatibility of Polymorphism Decryption in Biomphalaria glabrata and Schistosoma mansoni interaction : an integrative approach

Portet, Anaïs 17 October 2017 (has links)
Biomphalaria glabrata est un mollusque d’eau douce, vivant en Amérique latine. Ce planorbe est principalement connu pour être l’hôte intermédiaire de Schistosoma mansoni, vers plat parasite responsable de la bilharziose intestinale, seconde endémie parasitaire humaine mondiale derrière le paludisme.Dans ce contexte, il apparaît clairement qu’une meilleure compréhension de l’interaction entre le parasite et le mollusque, hôte intermédiaire, représente une voie de recherche prometteuse. La compréhension des interactions immunologiques entre l’escargot et le parasite ainsi que des mécanismes moléculaires par lesquels les deux partenaires interagissent apparaît comme un pré-requis à la découverte de nouvelles cibles ou de nouvelles stratégies afin de développer desmoyens de lutte contre le pathogène.Le projet de cette thèse s’inscrit dans cette optique et vise à une meilleure compréhension des interactions immunologiques entre le mollusque Biomphalaria glabrata et le trématode Schistosoma mansoni. Différents aspects de l’interaction entre B.glabrata et S.mansoni ont été explorés, des bases moléculaires et cellulaires à l’interaction tripartite entre l’immunité du mollusque, son microbiote et le pathogène. Dans un premier temps nous avons pu démontrer ungradient d’infectivité des parasites et de susceptibilité des mollusques de différents provenances géographiques. De plus, l’interaction immunologique entre le mollusque et le parasite est supportée par une adaptation locale, à l’échelle moléculaire. Nous avons également pu montrer qu’une opsonine, la BgTEP, jouait un rôle clé dans l’interaction entre B.glabrata et ses différents pathogènes. Enfin, l’existence d’une véritable interaction tripartite entre la réponse immunitaire du mollusque, son microbiote et son parasite a pu être mise en évidence. / Biomphalaria glabrata is tropical fresh water snail, living in Latin America. This planorbe is the intermediary host of Schistosoma mansoni, a trematode responsible for the intestinal Schistosomiasis, second worldwide human vector-borne disease after the malaria. In this context, a better comprehension of the parasite/snail interaction is necessary and appearsa promising research field. The understanding of immunological interaction between the host and the parasite and the molecular mechanisms used by the two partners appears like essential for the discovery of new targets and new strategies in order to develop means of struggle against the pathogen. The aim of this thesis is to better understand the immunological interactions between the B. glabrata snail and S. mansoni trematode. Different aspects of the interaction between the snail and the parasite have been explored, from molecular and cellular bases to the tripartite interaction between the snail immunity, its microbiota and the pathogen. In a first step we have been able to demonstrate a gradient of parasite infectivities and snail susceptibilities from different geographical origins. Moreover, the immunological interaction between B. glabrata and S. mansoni is supported by local adaptation, at the molecular level. We were also able to show than an opsonin, the BgTEP, plays a key role in the interaction between B. glabrata and its various pathogens. Finally, the existence of a true tripartite interaction between the snail immune response, its microbiota and its parasite could was demonstrated.

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