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<p>Detta examensarbete har utförts som en avslutande del på Innovations- och designingenjörsprogrammet på Karlstads universitet. Programmet är en 120-poängs högskoleingenjörsutbildning där examensarbetet består av 15 poäng.</p><p>Uppdragsgivare var BAE Systems Bofors i Karlskoga med Jan Ainali som handledare. Handledare på Karlstads universitet var Monica Jakobsson.</p><p>Uppdraget var att utveckla ett soldatsystem (all teknisk utrustning en soldat bär i strid) och ett gränssnitt mellan detta system och stridsfordonet CV9040. Detta för att soldatens roll under senare tid alltmer har förändrats till att kräva alltmer informationsteknisk utrustning.</p><p>Inledningsvis i projektet genomfördes en inventering dels för att samla information om konkurrerande system, dels för att undersöka vilka komponenter och vilken teknologi som är aktuell för dessa produkter, därefter påbörjades själva utvecklingsarbetet.</p><p>Metodiken som användes baserades till stor del på designprocessen då arbetet startade med research och resultatet av arbetet presenterades i form av ett koncept.</p><p>Resultatet utmynnade i Soldatsystem BOSSE (Bofors SoldatsystemsExjobb) och består av an rad komponenter samt ett koncept på integrering till CV9040. Av de komponenter som tagits fram har två stycken drivits djupare, siktesmodulen och handdatorn. Siktesmodulen monteras på vapnet och erbjuder rödpunktssikte med uppspeglad information, laseravståndsmätare, vinkelmätare och optiskt gyro. Handdatorns funktioner är GPS-navigering, enkel meddelandehantering samt fungerar som den beräknande kärnan i systemet.</p> / <p>This examination assignment was executed as a part of the innovation and design mechanical engineer program at Karlstad University. The program is a 120 point (180 points ECTS) where the examination assignment is 15 points (22, 5 points ECTS). BAE Systems Bofors in Karlskoga was the company who gave us the assignment and with Jan Ainali as the supervisor. Monica Jakobsson was the supervisor at Karlstad University.</p><p>The assignment was to develop a soldier system and an interface between this system and combat vehicle CV9040. The reason for thhe assignment is that the soldier’s role recently has changed to demand equipment more capable in information technology.</p><p>To get started with the project an inventory was carried out partly to gather information about competing soldier systems, partly to investigate the vital components of such a system to start the development process.</p><p>The method used was largely based on the design process taught at Karlstads University as the project started with idea generation and the result of the assignment was presented in the form of a concept.</p><p>The result of this process was the soldier system BOSSE (Bofors SoldatSystemsExjobb) and consists of a number of components and concept of how to integrate the system with CV9040. Of the developed components two was pushed further in the process, the aiming module and the PDA (personal digital assistant).</p>

Detta examensarbete har utförts som en avslutande del på Innovations- och designingenjörsprogrammet på Karlstads universitet. Programmet är en 120-poängs högskoleingenjörsutbildning där examensarbetet består av 15 poäng. Uppdragsgivare var BAE Systems Bofors i Karlskoga med Jan Ainali som handledare. Handledare på Karlstads universitet var Monica Jakobsson. Uppdraget var att utveckla ett soldatsystem (all teknisk utrustning en soldat bär i strid) och ett gränssnitt mellan detta system och stridsfordonet CV9040. Detta för att soldatens roll under senare tid alltmer har förändrats till att kräva alltmer informationsteknisk utrustning. Inledningsvis i projektet genomfördes en inventering dels för att samla information om konkurrerande system, dels för att undersöka vilka komponenter och vilken teknologi som är aktuell för dessa produkter, därefter påbörjades själva utvecklingsarbetet. Metodiken som användes baserades till stor del på designprocessen då arbetet startade med research och resultatet av arbetet presenterades i form av ett koncept. Resultatet utmynnade i Soldatsystem BOSSE (Bofors SoldatsystemsExjobb) och består av an rad komponenter samt ett koncept på integrering till CV9040. Av de komponenter som tagits fram har två stycken drivits djupare, siktesmodulen och handdatorn. Siktesmodulen monteras på vapnet och erbjuder rödpunktssikte med uppspeglad information, laseravståndsmätare, vinkelmätare och optiskt gyro. Handdatorns funktioner är GPS-navigering, enkel meddelandehantering samt fungerar som den beräknande kärnan i systemet. / This examination assignment was executed as a part of the innovation and design mechanical engineer program at Karlstad University. The program is a 120 point (180 points ECTS) where the examination assignment is 15 points (22, 5 points ECTS). BAE Systems Bofors in Karlskoga was the company who gave us the assignment and with Jan Ainali as the supervisor. Monica Jakobsson was the supervisor at Karlstad University. The assignment was to develop a soldier system and an interface between this system and combat vehicle CV9040. The reason for thhe assignment is that the soldier’s role recently has changed to demand equipment more capable in information technology. To get started with the project an inventory was carried out partly to gather information about competing soldier systems, partly to investigate the vital components of such a system to start the development process. The method used was largely based on the design process taught at Karlstads University as the project started with idea generation and the result of the assignment was presented in the form of a concept. The result of this process was the soldier system BOSSE (Bofors SoldatSystemsExjobb) and consists of a number of components and concept of how to integrate the system with CV9040. Of the developed components two was pushed further in the process, the aiming module and the PDA (personal digital assistant).

Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are known to be important modulators of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I). However, their precise role is as yet unclear. Further, recent studies have indicated that IGFBP-3 has a receptor mediated growth inhibitory response of its own. In the present study, we quantified the binding characteristics of IGFBP-3 to bovine aortic endothelial (BAE) cells. Binding studies at 4 ^oC were conducted and a specific binding curve for IGFBP-3 was obtained. IGFBP-3 was found to bind with an equilibrium dissociation constant (K_D) value of 3.1 x 10^-10 M. The role of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) in the IGFBP-3 binding mechanism was also examined. It was seen that inactivation of the cell surface HSPGs with 75 mM sodium chlorate did not affect IGFBP-3 binding. Further, there have been reports of inhibition of IGFBP-3 binding by heparin in the media. Hence, the most probable interaction of HSPG with IGFBP-3 occurs in the extracellular region, with soluble HSPGs acting as receptors for IGFBP-3 and decreasing the net cell associated ligand receptor interaction. This is likely, since IGFBP-3 is known to possess a heparin binding domain. Simultaneous introduction of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 into the extracellular media decreased IGFBP-3 binding to the cell surface, which might imply that IGF-I and IGFBP-3 regulate each other's action. / Master of Science

Detta examensarbete är en del av en förstudie av en hydrauliskt bromsad vagn avsedd att bogseras för uthållighetstestning av militära fordon. Denna del behandlar konstruktionen av styrsystemet till bromsvagnen. I rapporten beskrivs programmering av ett styrsystem med hänsyn till ett parallellt utvecklat hydrauliksystem, identifiering av tänkbara leverantörer av komponenter, och sammanställandet av en analys över feleffekter. Resultatet blev ett styrsystem programmerat i CODESYS komplett med ett operatörsgränssnitt, ett blockschema över systemet, och en feleffektsanalys. Slutsatsen blev att en prototyp skulle kunna byggas utifrån detta arbete men man bör överväga en modifikation av systemet och också beakta vissa risker. / This degree project is part of a prestudy of a hydraulic brake wagon designed to be towed for endurance testing of military vehicles. This report presents the design of the control system for the brake wagon. It describes the programming of a control system for a hydraulic system developed in parallel, the search of potential component suppliers, and the compilation of a failure analysis. The result was a control system programmed in CODESYS, with an operator interface, a block diagram of the system and a Failure Mode Effect Analysis. The conclusion is that a prototype could be built based on this work but a modification of the system and certain risks should be considered. / Projekt Bromsvagn

This report is written as part of the thesis requirements for a bachelor of science in Automotive systems at Luleå University of Technology. BAE systems Hägglunds was in need of improved user interface and standardization of their test rigs for drivelines. There was a lack of a naming system for the sensors, formulas for efficiency and heating power as well as the absence of graphical view of the test objects with associated sensors. All of this is important for an efficient development procedure. Also a suggestion on suitable replacement of the mechanical water flow sensor was requested. This report presents the theory around the components and sensors regarding the test rigs, methods for making the decision and finished results. By developing an understanding of the test cell and test subjects, graphical recreations could be created with belonging calculations and documentation. Reading of analog signals and digital CAN-messages made it possible to collect and use the data from the sensors that was requested. By comparing the different flow sensors a of that the inductive flow sensor is most suitable for BAE System Hägglunds was made. The thesis resulted in a chosen naming system which is according to(Element)(Material)_(High/LowTemperature)_(Subject)_(In/Out). Formulas for efficiency and heating power, as well as 6 graphical views, 6 implemented views and 6 Excel documents was made and implemented in the DewesoftX software. The graphical views strongly improved the user interface of the test cell. Because some of the objects are classified they can also be used when presenting the data from testing without giving out more information than necessary. Also to make it easy to see where the sensors are placed and how to install the object in the test cell. This is very useful for BAE Systems Hägglunds that are now expanding their personal that will need basic knowledge of the test cell.

Electrical Control Units (ECUs) communicating on Controller Area Networks (CAN buses) are widely used in vehicle electrical systems. Being able to simulate these circuits and buses in a computer environment is beneficial during the development phase when access to test benches is limited and expensive. Simulations can also give a very detailed view of the entire system which in an ordinary lab setup would be practically impossible. BAE Systems Örnsköldsvik SIL Lab department works in the simulation environment CANoe supplied by Vector Informatik GmbH. BAE Systems have a simulation model of their central communication circuit. Unlike the less complicated circuits on the bus it cannot be integrated in the CANoe simulation environment. The less complicated nodes are modelled to usable extent but this is not possible with the central communication circuit. This report presents a possible solution to facilitate communication between the simulated ECU and the CANoe simulation environment under certain real-time constraints. A solution was achieved with a combination of an external program which handled shared memory with callback functions and Vector's Fast Data eXchange protocol (FDX).

Keyphrases describe a document in a coherent and simple way, giving the prospective reader a way to quickly determine whether the document satisfies their information needs. The pervasion of huge amount of information on Web, with only a small amount of documents have keyphrases extracted, there is a definite need to discover automatic keyphrase extraction systems. Typically, a document written by human develops around one or more general concepts or sub-concepts. These concepts or sub-concepts should be structured and semantically related with each other, so that they can form the meaningful representation of a document. Considering the fact, the phrases or concepts in a document are related to each other, a new approach for keyphrase extraction is introduced that exploits the semantic relations in the document. For measuring the semantic relations between concepts or sub-concepts in the document, I present a comprehensive study aimed at using collaboratively constructed semantic resources like Wikipedia and its link structure. In particular, I introduce a graph-based keyphrase extraction system that exploits the semantic relations in the document and features such as term frequency. I evaluated the proposed system using novel measures and the results obtained compare favorably with previously published results on established benchmarks.

This thesis has been performed at BAE Systems Hägglunds, which is located in Örnsköldsvik. Hägglunds has a wide background of engineering, where they have manufactured all from airplanes to lifting cranes. Currently they only produce track vehicles at Hägglunds, where they manufacture the CV90 and BVS10 models. This thesis concerns the BVS10 which is an all-terrain-vehicle. The main purpose with the BVS10 is to enable transportation of material and personnel thru tough terrain. It isn’t designed for hard combat because of its lack of armor in favour of mobilityThe background of this work is that the BVS10 in recent years has been used more and more in close combat. It has also driven over many IED’s in Afghanistan. Because of this a change in the design of the BVS10 had to be carried out, which led to more armor. This resulted in that the total weight increased from 10.5 tons to 15 tons. This caused unacceptable reduction in lifetime of the torsion springs and the vehicle had to be sent back for repair. BAE Systems then decided to put a lot of effort in decreasing the weight of the vehicle by using light weight material in some components.This work is about the development of a concept for the skidbeam where steel is replaced by a composite material. Due to lack of knowledge about fiber composite and their manufacturing processes, a pre-study was made. After the pre-study the concept work on the beam was initiated, but this was only the beginning. When the material in the beam was switched to composite it was required to redesign the components that’s attached to the beam in order to function correctly.Due to limitations in the geometry it was impossible to use glass fiber as the material. Glass fiber is much cheaper than carbon fiber but the strength and E-modulus is lower. Instead it was decided to use carbon fiber combined with epoxy, which is the most common use for structural applications. To minimize the weight of the beam it was decided to use adhesive bonding as much as possible.The concept work was carried out by a single person but it quickly became clear that cooperation with composite manufacturers was needed in order to come up with a good solution to the problem. A large number of Swedish companies were contacted. Nordic Aircraft was one of the most cooperative companies that also had good knowledge of prepreg materials. The prepreg manufacturing method was chosen for its high quality of the final products, and because they are relatively easy to handle.After much discussion and simulations, a final concept was developed whish Nordic Aircraft later on used to calculate a quotation. The concept was met with approval by BAE Systems. Nordic Aircraft claimed to have the knowledge and the experience to manufacture the beam. / Det här examensarbetet har utförts på BAE Systems Hägglunds beläget i Örnsköldsvik. Hägglunds har bred erfarenhet av ingenjörsarbete och de har tillverkat allt ifrån flygplan till lyftkranar. I nuläget produceras endast bandvagnsfordon hos Hägglunds, de tillverkar modellerna CV90 och BVS10. Detta arbete handlar om BVS10 som är ett allterrängsfordon. BVS10 huvudsyfte är att den ska kunna transportera materiel och personal genom svår terräng. Den är inte avsedd som attackfordon, då dess bepansring är lätt till förmån för mobilitet.Arbetets bakgrund är att den på senare år allt mer har använts i ”close combat” och därmed blivit mycket beskjuten. Den har även fått utstå IED:s (improvised explosive device) i Afghanistan. P.g.a. dessa faktorer krävdes det en förändring av fordonet och den blev allt mer bepansrad. Detta medförde att totalvikten ökade från 10.5ton till ca 15ton, vilket ledde till att fjäderbussningarna slets ut snabbare och behövdes bytas allt oftare. Därmed beslöt man att försöka sänka fordonets totala vikt med hjälp av att byta material i vissa komponenter.Det här arbetet handlar om att ta fram ett koncept till att byta ut stål mot kompositmaterial i skidbalken. Eftersom kunskapen om kompositer var begränsad gjordes en förstudie på detta, men också hur tillverkningsmetoderna för kompositer ser ut. Efter förstudien påbörjades konceptarbetet för balken men detta var endast början. Då materialet i balken byttes ut var komponenterna runt balken tvungna att designas om för att fungera.P.g.a. begränsningar i geometrin var det inte möjligt att använda glasfiber som material. Glasfiber är mycket billigare än kolfiber men har också lägre e-modul och styrka. Istället valdes kolfiber i kombination med epoxy, vilket är den mest använda kompositen för strukturella delar. För att begränsa viktökning på balken valdes limning så mycket som möjligt.Konceptlösningarna utfördes till en början individuellt, men man insåg snabbt att det krävdes samarbete med komposittillverkare för att komma fram till en bra lösning. Ett stort antal företag i Sverige kontaktades. Nordic Aircraft var ett av de mest samarbetsvilliga företagen som också hade bra kunskap om prepreg material. Prepreg som tillverkningsmetod valdes för dess höga kvalité på slutprodukterna och att de är relativt enkla att handskas med.Efter mycket diskussion och simuleringar var ett koncept framtaget för beräkningar av priset. Konceptet gillades hos BAE Systems och Nordic Aircraft ansåg sig ha kunskapen att tillverka detaljen. Nordic Aircraft gjorde en grov offert baserad på de krav som BAE Systems hade.