Pollen mother cells from each of eleven Rhoeo specimen plants housed in the Ball State University greenhouse were analyzed for meiotic chromosome behavior and were found to display multiple reciprocal translocations characteristic of the species. Seven of the eleven plants are classified as Rhoeo soathacea var. variegata, while the remaining four plants are classified as Rhoeo spathacea var. concolor. Using the acetocarmine squash technique, 5362 pollen mother cells from the eleven Rhoeo specimen plants were examined and photomicrographs of representative pollen mother cells were used to document data reported. Among the types of aberrant chromosome behavior resulting from multiple reciprocal translocations in the twelve chromosomes of Rhoeo were ring and chain formation at diakinesis, alternate versus adjacent chromosome alignment at metaphase I, atypical segregation patterns at anaphase I and the presence of micronuclei or chromosomes excluded from the daughter nuclei at telophase I. Many prophase I/metaphase I chromosome configurations and a number of anaphase I segregation patterns not previously reported in the literature were observed in this study. As a consequence of aberrant chromosome behavior many of the pollen grains formed during meiosis were defective and non-viable.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Viruses may invade animals, plants, or bacteria, and are considered obligate parasites because they lack a complete enzyme system of their own. Reproduction occurs when the virus entity makes use of a cell's synthetic machinery to direct the synthesis of specialized particles, the virions, and transfers them to other cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate and develop methods to isolate viruses chicken embryos and bacteriophage.Viruses were concentrated from water sources following procedures outlined by Berg (1971) using standard Millipore filtering units. Virus suspensions were eluted with a beef extract solution and then inoculated into the three host systems. Growth was determined by the presence of cytopathic effects on the agar overlay or in the chicken on the chorioallantoic membrane.Cytopathic effects occurred in tissue cultures following inoculation with water samples from two sites on two consecutive sampling dates. Virus recovery in chicken embryos was 45.5% when cytopathic effects and death rates were analyses were combined. When bacteria were employed, viruses were recovered in 42.8% of samples tested.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Viral hepatitis is a disease caused by a virus, or a virus-like particle and is extremely infectious. Infection can occur when the virus is present in minute quanities. Outbreaks of this disease have been associated with water supplies contaminated with raw sewage. Detection of viral hepatitis in water samples, at present, consists of testing the serum of persons who have contracted the disease after consuming water suspected of containing hepatitis virus. Since this method of determination is time consuming and subjective, an alternative method of detecting the presence of hepatitis virus in water was explored in this research.Radioim munoassay (RIA), used for the detection of Australia antigen (HAA) in the serum of humans, utilizes a tagging system in which Australia antigen antibody is bound with iodine-125. This technique, a combination of chemistry and immunology, can detect less than one- billionth of a gram of HAA in serum and requires approximately four hours to complete the testing. RIA detection of HAA is presently limited to detection of HAA in serum samples.This research used RIA as a detection system to test water samples collected from local water sources. Control serum samples collected from a local hospital were tested for HAA. Fifteen water samples and two serum samples tested were positive upon initial testing for Australia antigen. HAA was also detected in water samples in control situations in which sera with a high titer to HAA were diluted in water and then tested using RIA.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

A reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatographic method for the quantitative analysis of unchanged ascorbic acid in human urine is described. Selection of an appropriate mobile phase and discussion of some of the analysis problems are presented. Twenty-four hour ascorbate excretion profiles from two subjects were determined. Standard redox titration procedures were used to corroborate the chromatographic method. When compared to classical titration or colorimetric redox procedures, the new assay features straightforward sample preparation and improved sensitivity.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

This thesis includes introductions into the theory of nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) detection, a brief history of early developments in NQR, and the basic theory of Zeeman modulation and its effects upon NQR line shapes. A brief description of the individual pieces of apparatus and their contribution to the detection and recording of resonance signals is also included. The primary purpose of this research was to determine those parameters for operation of the apparatus which optimize recorded NQR signals from linear chlorinated compounds. Finally, the determination of the apparatus parameters for the four different compounds are summarized within this thesis.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

This thesis evaluates the cross cultural influence of Nazarene missionary children as they adjust to an American college environment. The four indicators used in the evaluation are peer acceptance, separation of family, discipline and dating customs.It was hypothesized that “Nazarene missionary children who have experience a bicultural or multicultural encounter are expected to have an easier adjustment in a college setting than Nazarene clergy children.” The data supported the hypothesis; explanations for the findings are offered, as well as further research.Honors CollegeBall State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

This thesis has involved an attempt to form a germanium-carbon bond through the reaction of germanium compounds with dilithium phthalocyanine, metal-free phthalocyanine, methyl magnesium iodide, phenyl magnesium bromide, and 1,3-diiminoisoindoline. The reaction products were examined in several ways to help establish their identity. Chemical and spectroscopic analyses were used to determine the nature of the two trans groups in the phthalocyanine compounds. Infrared spectra implied the formation of the germanium-carbon bond.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

The movements of Western Chorus Frogs, Pseudacris triseriata triseriata, were studied from May 1, 1975, to May 16, 1975, on the Robert H. and Esther L. Cooper Woodland Area near Muncie, Delaware County, Indiana. The purpose of the study was to obtain detailed information on the day-to-day and hour-to-hour movements and habitat selection of the species immediately following the breeding season.Five Chorus Frogs were tagged with approximately 50 μc Co60 , and were released at a common point near a forest grassland interface. Study frogs were then located at two hour intervals for several 24-hour or 48-hour periods by searching the area of previous contact with a portable survey meter equipped with a scintillation probe.Horizontal movements are apparently random in direction and not influenced by habitat or meteorologic conditions other than moisture. They occur during daylight hours and at night and seem only to be influenced by moisture conditions of the microhabitat.Vertical movements are also influenced by moisture conditions, and occur primarily just before and after dawn.Chorus Frog preference for either a grassland or forest habitat was not determined by this study.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

Integral equations form an important subject with applied mathematics due to their occurence in a variety of models of physical problems. The intent of this thesis is to present in a simple and concise manner the theory of integral equations in the context of their solution. A survey of the types of methods used for the approximation of linear integral equations is made along with the types of equations to which they may be applied. Detailed examples are presented for each of the methods discussed and wherever feasible, computer methods are employed.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306

This thesis presents a partition of the class of homomorphisms between groupoids of n-tuples in a system g = (G,&,@), where G = { a,b,c,d,e }is a set of five elements such that: 1) a is the &-identity and annihilates all elements under @; 2) b is the @-identity; 3) d absorbs all all elements except e under & and all elements except a and e under @; 4) e absorbs all elements under & and all elements except a under @; 5) & is a binary operation on G and is commutative in G; 6) @ is a binary operation on G and is left-distributive over & in G.Matrices over g were examined for characteristics which would determine different atomic properties of homomorphisms. A matrix operation @ was defined, which allowed the homomorphisms of groupoids of the form, (G(n) , &), to be modeled by a matrix equation. Using the atomic proper ties, a partition of the class of homomorphisms between groupoids was developed, and an example of an element in each of its disjoint subsets was presented. A listing of theorems was also derived.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306