“Long long time ago, there was an old Bamboo Cutter man called Taketori-no-Okina. He cut bamboos from forests and used it for many different daily tools.” This is the first sentence from “Princess Kaguya”, Taketori-Monogatarior Kaguya-hime in Japanese. This is the tale of the Bamboo Cutter that was written in 9th or 10th century Japanese folktale. It is considered the oldest existing Japanese narrative. The story is about the life of a mysterious girl called Kaguya-hime, who was discovered as a baby inside a glowing bamboo plant by Taketori-no-Okina. According to the first sentence of this tale there is a very close relationship between human life and bamboo in Japan. TAKE, bamboo is one of the typical trees in Asia. I grew up in the countryside in Japan and my house was located just in front of a bamboo forest. I also have some experiences of using bamboos the same as in the tale, “Princess Kaguya”. When I walk in the bamboo forest, I have a very special feeling that is intricately related to my childhood background. Nowadays there are several problems about bamboo forest, but on the other hand bamboo itself is focused as an ecological and sustainable material. There is an interesting project involving bamboo forests that is going on near my hometown in Japan. This project is producing bamboo plywood and furniture made from this material.   For my Masters examination, I have designed furniture made of this bamboo plywood related to my background and my feelings towards the bamboo forest. / Master / InSpace 2009

The objective of this study was to develop near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration equations from bamboo and fecal samples to predict diet composition and the physiological status of giant pandas. Discrimination between branch, culm, and leaf parts of bamboo resulted in an Rsquare (R2) of 0.88. The calibration equation for discriminating between 4 species of bamboo had an R2 of 0.47. Calibration equations were created for all bamboo species combined to determine the ability of NIRS to predict the nutrient constituents of CP, NDF, ADF, DM, and OM. No R2 was lower than 0.96, with the exception of DM at 0.63, which was consistently difficult to accurately predict due to variation in factors relating to difference in location of lab work (humidity, shipping, methods, etc.). Giant panda diets vary between seasons from eating primarily leaf to eating almost only culm. When bamboo part samples were compared between March and October, all resulting R2s were above 0.80. The sensitivity analyses for leaf and culm samples within diet season produced inconclusive results, but sensitivity analyses for fecal samples yielded an ability to more greatly discriminate between months that were further apart. For giant panda physiological status calibrations, fecal samples were collected from the Memphis Zoo, Smithsonian's National Zoo, Zoo Atlanta, and San Diego Zoo from 2006 to 2007. One-hundred fecal spectra were used to develop discriminant equations with which to predict between adults and juveniles. The resulting calibration was 100% correct for both age classes. Predictions between 252 male and female fecal spectra were 89% correct for females and 90% correct for males. A small number of samples (N= 60) were used to create a discriminant equation to differentiate between pregnant and non pregnant females. The exercise resulted in an R2 of 0.68 and a prediction of 100% for both pregnant and not-pregnant. It has been determined through these studies that NIRS has the potential to determine nutrient composition of bamboo and giant panda fecals, but increased sampling and equation development is needed before these calibrations are applicable in a captive or wild giant panda setting.

Thesis (doctoral)--Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. / Thesis documentation sheet inserted. Errata sheet tipped in. Appendix consists of reproductions of three papers and a manuscript, two of which are co-authored with others. Includes bibliographical references. Also available electronically via World Wide Web in PDF format; online version lacks appendix of papers.

Hong Kong is a rare place which uses the bamboo scaffolds widely and comprehensively nowadays. Bamboo scaffolding is a living heritage that subjects to changes. Based on the external factors, bamboo scaffolding and scaffolders must correspondingly change in order to adapt and survive, from the 1960s to the present.? It is important to understand the changes that have taken place in the past, in order to understand how the heritage have become what it is in the present, and thereby be able to anticipate what changes will take place in the future.? The only way to “conserve” it is to understand the process of change, so that the heritage can make adaptation and be sustained. The change of bamboo scaffolds from the 1960s to the present time is the research topic of this dissertation. / published_or_final_version / Conservation / Master / Master of Science in Conservation

This thesis examines disaster-relief-housing and identifies some of the challenges faced by the traditional housing response. Focusing on relief efforts as a second responder, an alternative process for housing displaced populations is proposed and demonstrated through a specific proposal for disaster-relief-housing for the town of San Vicente, El Salvador. Working within the discipline of architecture, the proposed project will provide beneficiaries with an increased ability to cope in the face of disaster. It does so by design and implementation of self-build housing that transitions from a temporary to a permanent state/location, by using bamboo as a primary construction material, and by providing an adaptable solution that is environmentally and culturally responsive. The building of a community laundry facility by the affected population facilitates this process by serving both as a teaching and as an inspirational building for the use of bamboo in quality construction.

主催：JST/CREST，Vrije University, ALTERRA, IBPC

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 293-341).

Mercury is a serious hazard to humans, mammals and fish, which when emitted into the atmosphere reaches back to the earth. Coal-fired plants in the U.S. emit mercury upon the burning of coal in the particulate, oxidized and elemental state. Of these, elemental mercury is the most difficult to capture. U.S. coal-fired plants emit approximately 48 tons of mercury per year. Based on the U.S. EPA Clean Air Mercury Rule, these emissions need to be capped by 90%. This project deals with the Development of Bamboo Derived Sorbents for the capture of elemental mercury in gas phase. Raw bamboo is used to process sorbents using carbonization, activation and acidulation techniques. These sorbents are tested in a Batch Test, which includes a mercury permeation assembly, sampling bags, and uses nitrogen as a carrier gas. Many tests are conducted on sorbent samples with varying masses, samples with the presence or absence of skin material found on the bamboo stem along with various treatments, and varying initial concentrations of mercury. Other studies conducted also include Three-Point Bending tests for structural integrity, Surface Area Measurements, and Scanning Electron Microscopy for microstructure studies. Results and analyses of these sorbents depict successful capture of mercury in nitrogen atmosphere. Treatments such as carbon dioxide activation and hydrochloric acid functionalization are very effective in enhancing mercury adsorption. This project acts as a stepping stone for the development of bamboo derived material. Major recommendations include the optimization of the sorbents for adsorption properties, and the scaling up of experiments. Eventually, a bamboo derived sorbent could be applied in coal-fired plants on a large scale for the capture of mercury.

[pt] As lâminas de bambu foram criadas para padronização da matéria prima de modo a aumentar sua resistência, controlar sua forma e desenvolver elementos estruturais sustentáveis e inovadores. O bambu é um material gradualmente funcional (FGM) devido a sua progressiva distribuição de fibras por toda a espessura de sua parede. Esta pesquisa apresenta os resultados de uma série de investigaçóes experimentais em que o colmo de bambu (Dendrocalamus giganteus) foi dividido em 6 segmentos de análise. Três divisões ao longo do seu comprimento, em sua porção baixa, média e alta, e, em seguida, duas divisões de sua espessura, interior e exterior. Na primeira série, os espécimes de cada segmento foram testados separadamente para estabelecer o seu módulo de elasticidade à tração Et. Seis tipos de vigas de bambu uniaxial-laminados, de 2,5 cm de largura, altura 5 centímetros e 50 cm de comprimento, foram montadas com camadas de cada segmento específico do colmo do bambu, utilizando resina adesiva de mamona. Quatro ensaios de flexão pontual foram realizados em amostras de viga para estabelecer o módulo de elasticidade em flexão, Eb. Os valores experimentais de ambos os grupos de amostra foram comparados com os valores teóricos, aplicando a teoria da mecânica dos sólidos. Os resultados forneceram informações para melhorar o arranjo dos segmentos das vigas de lâminas de bambu sujeitas a cargas de flexão. Baseado nos resultados, também é possível introduzir valores equivalentes para análises das propriedades mecânicas das vigas usando a teoria da mecânica de sólidos. / [en] Laminated bamboo was created to standardize the raw material in order to increase its strength, control its shape and develop sustainable and innovative structural elements. Bamboo is a Functionally Graded Material (FGM) due to the progressive distribution of the fibers across its wall thickness. This research presents the results of an experimental investigation series in which bamboo culm, of Dendrocalamus giganteus, was divided into 6 segments of analysis. Three divisions along its length, bottom, middle and top, and then two divisions across its wall thickness, inner and outer. In the first series, the specimens of each segment were tested separately to establish their tensile modulus of elasticity Et. Six types of bamboo uniaxial-laminated beam specimens of 2.5 cm width, 5cm height and 50 cm length were assembled with layers from each particular segment of bamboo culm, using resin of mamona adhesive. Four point bending tests were conducted on beam specimens to establish the bending modulus of elasticity Eb. Experimental values of both specimen groups were compared to those of theoretical values, applying solid mechanics theory. The results provide information to improve the segment arrangement of bamboo-laminated beams upon subjection to bending loads. Based on the results, it is also possible to introduce equivalent values for the analysis of the mechanical properties of the beams, using solid mechanics theory.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-08-14Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:57:24Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 toledo_ljs_me_bauru.pdf: 1168825 bytes, checksum: 4d744fe9a7b280b8cc7702cb8f832faf (MD5) / O lixamento é um dos métodos de preparação de superfície mais comum nas indústrias moveleiras, que precede o processo de acabamento. O objetivo do lixamento é produzir superfícies livres de defeitos visíveis como também deixar a superfície uniforme. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar as propriedades físico-mecânicas e analisar a influência da granulometria das lixas no lixamento plano, sobre o acabamento superficial de chapas de partículas de bambu, quanto nos esforços no lixamento de força e potência de lixamento. As amostras foram confeccionadas especificamente para este estudo, teve na sua composição o adesivo uréia formaldeído em diferentes quantidades, sendo elas: 8,10,12 e 15%. no ensaio de lixamento, utilizou-se uma velocidade de avanço de 12 m/min e três granulometrias de lixas: 80,100 e 120. Uma central de aquisição de dados foi usada para a captação das variáveis: potência de corte, emissão acústica e vibração, em tempo real. A rugosidade das amostras foi medida por um rugosímetro após o lixamento. De acordo com os resultados dos ensaios físico-mecânico, as partículas de bambu utilizados de chapas de partículas aglomeradas, com adesivo convencional uréia-formaldeído, obtiveram comportamento aceitável em relação ao exigido pelas normas técnicas brasileiras, para maioria dos ensaios, isso indica bambu como uma alternativa tecnicamente viável para o emprego em chapas aglomeradas, desde que respeitadas as suas características de resistência. Para o ensaio de lixamento, a lixa P80 apresentou significância para o sinal de emissão acústica, podendo ser aplicado na produção industrial. Já na variação da quantidade de adesivo, o traço de 12% foi o que apresentou melhores resultados, tanto no melhor acabamento superficial, quanto na força de corte. Em ambos, os resultados médios foram significativos. Podendo ser utilizados na produção de chapas aglomeradas que exijam / The sanding is a surface preparation methods common in the furniture industry, preceding the finishing process. The purpose of sanding is to produce surfaces free of visible defects but also leave the surface uniform. This study was to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties and to analyze the influence of the particle size of the plane grinding sandpaper on the surface finish of sheet bamboo particleboard, as in sanding efforts on strength and power sanding. The samples were prepared specifically for this study, had constituted the urea formaldehyde adhesive in different amounts, as follows: 8,10,12 and 15%. in the grinding test, we used a feed rate of 12 m/min and three particle sizes sandpaper: 80,100 and 120. A central data acquisition was used to capture the variables: cutting power, acoustic emission and vibration in real time. The roughness of the samples was measured by a profilometer after sanding. According to the results of physicomechanical particleboard used in the manufacturing of bamboo sheets of particleboard with conventional urea-formaldehyde adhesive, achieved acceptable performance in relation to that required by technical standards in Brazil, for most tests, it indicates bamboo as an alternative technically feasible for use in particlaboard, in compliance with the strength characteristics. To test the sanding, the sandpaper P80 showed significance for the acoustic emission signal and can be applied in industrial production. Already on varying the amount of adhesive, the trace of 12% showed the best result in both better surface finish , as the cutting force. In both, the average results were significant. May be used in the production of particleaboard that requier good surface finish and lower cutting force