Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1967. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Salvador e suas influÃncias Bantu: as fusÃes culturais que se aprende e ensina no registro da histÃria e da memÃria à tema da presente pesquisa realizada na cidade do Salvador, que busca por investigar as influÃncias Bantu nos bairros de maioria afrodescendente. Em Salvador o termo Bantu à mais comumente designado a naÃÃo Congo-Angola no imaginÃrio soteropolitano. à importante salientar que nÃo se trata de um trabalho em que serà pesquisado os orixÃs ou nkisis, mas sim as influÃncias que a referida naÃÃo exerce na capital baiana com seus simbolismos e patrimÃnios materiais e imateriais, que contribuem no ensino e aprendizado de adeptos e seguidores, contribuindo para que a memÃria e histÃria local sejam mantidas. A pesquisa à qualitativa, hemerografica (com uso de jornais de grande circulaÃÃo na capital baiana) com Ãnfase na pesquisa participante, fazendo uso da HistÃria oral. A histÃria oral està sendo um recurso metodolÃgico por ser a base das religiÃes de matrizes africanas, pois a oralidade nos terreiros à de fundamental importÃncia para que seus seguidores aprendam a manter os preceitos religiosos na memÃria individual, memÃria coletiva e prÃticas religiosas, como tambÃm na memÃria de cada bairro que fizeram parte deste trabalho, por ser muito comum cada um deles trazer sua histÃria individual e coletiva na formaÃÃo da cidade do Salvador. O problema da pesquisa procura tratar quais influÃncias Bantu podem ser identificadas na cidade do Salvador. Juntamente com os objetivos que à Identificar como as influÃncias Bantu compÃem a cidade do Salvador; Discutindo a importÃncia da heranÃa religiosa na memÃria e histÃria da cidade do Salvador. Elencando os principais elementos que caracterizam a cultura Bantu, atravÃs do terreiro, ressaltando a sua contribuiÃÃo enquanto patrimÃnio material e imaterial, acervo educativo para seus adeptos e seguidores. / Salvador and their Bantu influences: cultural fusions that learns and teaches in recorded history and the memory of this theme is research conducted in the city of Salvador, which seeks to investigate the Bantu influences of African descent in most neighborhoods. In Salvador the term Bantu is more commonly referred to Congo-Angola nation in soteropolitano imaginary. Importantly, this is not a job that will be searched or orishas nkisis, but the influences that that nation exercises in Salvador with its symbolism and tangible and intangible heritage, which contribute to teaching and learning supporters and followers contributing to the local history and memory are maintained. The research is qualitative, hemerografica (with use of major newspapers in Salvador) with emphasis on participatory research, making use of oral history. Oral history is being a methodological appeal as the basis of African religions, as in the yards orality is of fundamental importance that his followers learn to hold religious precepts in individual memory, collective memory and religious practices, as well as in memory of each district that were part of this work, being very common each bring their individual and collective history in shaping the city of Salvador. The research problem presents itself expressed in the question: What influences Bantu can be identified in the city of Salvador. Along with the goals is to identify the influences Bantu make up the city of Salvador; Discuss the importance of the religious heritage and history in memory of Salvador. List the main elements that characterize the Bantu culture through the yard, emphasizing their contribution while tangible and intangible heritage, decent education for their adherents and followers.

A central claim of Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993, McCarthy and Prince 1993a) is that phonological variation can be modeled through the variable ranking of universal constraints. In this thesis, I test this claim by examining variation in the tongue root vowel harmony system in a number of closely related yet distinct Bantu languages of Congo and Zaire. The twenty-odd languages are drawn from each of Guthrie 1967's eight Bantu C. subgroups and are shown to vary along a number of dimensions. One is morphological, related to whether or not the harmonic element in the lexical root extends to prefixes and suffixes. This variation is shown to follow from the variable ranking of constraints that seek to ALIGN the harmonic feature, [retracted tongue root] ([rtr]) with the edges of the morphological domains STEM and WORD. A second parameter of variation concerns the relationship between high vowels and [rtr]. A third dimension involves the interaction of [rtr] with the low vowel [a] under harmony. Here, three patterns involving (i) low vowel assimilation, (ii) low vowel opacity, or (iii) low vowel transparency under harmony are shown to follow from the variable ranking of a few constraints. A significant theme that emereges in the study is recognizing and characterizing the distinct morphological and phonological domain edges involved in vowel harmony. An important contribution of this study is in bringing to light a language family where phonological tongue height, in this case expressed by the feature [low], is shown to be incompatible with tongue root retraction, as expressed in the feature [rtr]. Although the gestures of tongue body lowering and tongue root retraction are sympathetic in the articulatory dimension and in their acoustic effect, they are seen to be phonologically hostile, in fact, because of the redundancy relation between them. This redundancy-based phonological incompatibility is implemented via licensing-failure: [low] fails to "license" [rtr] because lowness implies retraction (Ito, Mester and Padgett 1994). / Arts, Faculty of / Linguistics, Department of / Graduate

L’étude présentée dans le cadre de cette thèse porte sur l’orungu, langue bantu classée B11b par M. Guthrie, parlée à l’Ouest du Gabon, dans la province de l’Ogooué Maritime, par l’un des peuples Ngwè-myènè (ou Myènè selon la dénomination administrative). Cette thèse constitue une première description présentant l’ensemble des éléments grammaticaux en incluant les plans segmental et tonal dans une analyse conjointe des niveaux phonologique, morphologique et post-lexical. On y traite, dans un premier temps, des phonèmes qui caractérisent l’organisation structurelle de la langue, du système des classes nominales et leur implication dans les modifications formelles des lexèmes, ainsi que de la description des alternances consonantiques. La deuxième partie traite conjointement de la morphologie et de la tonologie des différents éléments grammaticaux de la langue. L’établissement des schèmes tonals mène à montrer les processus de dérivation qui sous-tendent le passage de la forme indéfinie à la forme définie des nominaux. L’essentiel de la description verbale est basé sur la dérivation et la flexion verbale dans différents tiroirs de la conjugaison. La tonologie post-lexicale, enfin, décrit les modifications que subissent les schèmes de tonalité propres aux lexèmes lorsqu’ils sont à la fois placés dans certains environnements tonals et dans certaines situations syntaxiques, en tenant compte du type tonal propre aux unités lexicales. This PhD-dissertation is a study of Orungu, a Bantu language classified as B11b by M. Guthrie and spoken by a Ngwè-myènè people (or Myènè according to the administrative denomination) in the Ogooué Maritime province of Western Gabon. It presents a first descriptive study of the language and offers a general view of its grammar. It describes the most important segmental and supra-segmental or tonal features of its phonology, morphology and syntax. The first part is a description of the phonemes of Orungu, its noun class system, and its typical consonant mutations. The second part deals with the nominal and verbal morphology and the role tone plays at this level. The establishment of tone schemes results in a demonstration of the processes involved in the derivation of definite nouns from indefinite nouns. The description of the verb morphology is focussed on verbal derivation strategies and on the complex TAM-system involved in the verbal conjugation. The third and final part is a study of the post-lexical tone system and describes the mutations that lexical tone schemes undergo when they occur in certain tonal contexts and/or certain syntactical constructions.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1981. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 323-325).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1980. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 368-381).

archives@tulane.edu / The linguistic contexts of the African continent are undoubtedly complex and quite frequently polemic. In addition to a history of European colonialism, these are further complicated by matters of ethnic, political, and religious identity, oftentimes conflating some linguistic distinctions and establishing others without recourse to the data. A country like Zambia, on the other hand, which has nationally embraced and promoted ethnolinguistic differences—though arguably not at the expense of others—realizes extensive language intermixing that contributes to this complexity. This dissertation attempts to fulfill the request of the Aushi community of the Lwapula Province, Zambia, to provide an initial linguistic account of Ikyaushi. Following in the tradition of the “Boasian Trinity,” this is reached through three separate, though interrelated tasks, viz. the composition of a descriptive grammar, the development of a preliminary dictionary, and the compilation of culturally relevant texts. The descriptive grammar provides an introductory account of the phonetics and phonology, morphology, and syntax of Ikyaushi, and this account is based primarily on the analysis of fourteen collected narratives and secondarily upon naturally observed and elicited data. The narratives were recorded, transcribed, translated, and analyzed among male and female speakers from or in Matanda, Mansa, Kabunda, and Mabumba, and these narratives arrive in the form of fictional stories, trickster tales, a short history of the people, and descriptions of female initiation, brideprice, engagement procedures, and traditional education. As such, this dissertation contributes more broadly to the field of ethnographically- informed Bantu linguistics and provides more generally an avenue for speakers of Ikyaushi to be empowered, knowing that their linguistic differences are recorded and available for consideration, however small or large. Additionally, it is believed that these newly developed resources will contribute to future pedagogical materials to assist in literacy efforts among speakers and volunteers in the Lwapula Province. / 1 / Troy E. Spier