Behavioral approach sensitivity (BAS) has been found to relate to anger contrary to perspectives positing that BAS is only involved in positive emotions. The present study extends this work by examining relations between behavioral aggression and BAS and behavioral inhibition sensitivity (BIS) measures. Forty-three undergraduate participants were socially ostracized to induce anger, and then given an opportunity to behave aggressively. Higher levels of BAS relate to increased aggressive behavior, whereas higher levels of BIS related to decreased aggressive behavior.

Self-Efficacy (SE) has been explored extensively within the field of psychology. Despite a rich literature demonstrating its positive effect on various behavioral outcomes, including psychological treatment outcomes, little is known about the impact of SE on outcomes related to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). To fill this critical gap in the literature, the aim of the present study was to determine whether increasing SE may improve engagement in exposure-based interventions for contamination fears. Nonclinical participants (N = 120) were randomly assigned to complete a contamination-related behavioral approach task (CR-BAT) immediately following either a SE-boosting exercise or a non-SE related control. Results demonstrated that there were no differences between conditions in contamination-related SE or approach behavior during the CRBAT, indicating that the manipulation was ineffective in boosting SE. Interestingly, however, participants in the SE-boosting condition reported lower levels of anxiety during certain phases of the CR-BAT than did those in the control condition, suggesting that the manipulation was effective in reducing subjective distress. Furthermore, SE was positively correlated with approach behavior during the CR-BAT, thus corroborating past research linking SE to behavioral outcomes. Future research, using more effective methods to manipulate SE, is required to examine the causality of this relationship.

In this study, I tested predictions of the Behavioral Approach System (BAS) model as applied to the course of bipolar spectrum disorders. In this model, when a vulnerable individual experiences a BAS activation-relevant event, the weak regulatory strength of the BAS interacts with pre-event BAS state and is likely to lead to hypomania/mania. In contrast, when a vulnerable individual experiences a BAS deactivation-relevant event, the weak regulatory strength of the BAS interacts with pre- event BAS state and is likely to lead to depression. A secondary goal of this study involved comparing the BAS model to the cognitive-vulnerability stress model of bipolar disorder. Toward this end, data from a sample of 217 individuals (112 individuals with a diagnosis in the bipolar spectrum and 105 demographically similar, normal controls) participating in the Longitudinal Investigation of Bipolar Spectrum Disorders (LIBS) Project, a two-site prospective examination of the role of BAS, cognitive styles, and life events in the course of bipolar disorders among college students, were analyzed. The results of this study suggest that there is some support for both the BAS model and the cognitive-vulnerability stress model. Specifically, BAS-relevant cognitive styles, in interaction with congruent positive life events, predicted hypomanic episodes. There was less support for either model in the prediction of depression. There was some support for BAS sensitivity and BAS-relevant events each predicting the course of bipolar disorder. However, there was no support for the interaction of BAS sensitivity and BAS-relevant events predicting the type and number of mood episodes. As such, this study found more support for a BAS-related cognitive vulnerability-stress model, as compared to the "pure" BAS model, as applied to bipolar spectrum disorders. Following a review of the results, strengths and limitations, as well as clinical implications and potential future research directions are discussed. / Psychology

Integrating distance research with the behavioral strategy literature on MNC headquarters-subsidiary relations, this paper explores how the distance between headquarters and subsidiaries relates to value added by the headquarters. We show for 124 manufacturing subsidiaries in Europe that, on average, distance is unrelated to value added by headquarters but that this effect is contingent upon the extent to which the subsidiary is locally embedded. Only after a certain threshold level of subsidiary embeddedness, distance is negatively related to headquarters value added. This effect is more pronounced for cultural, economic, and administrative distances than for pure geographic distance, highlighting the critical role of contextual variation for MNCs.

The aim of this work attempts to identify some causes of the current trend in household debt. The work presents its own model of debt financing. Subjects maximize their discounted utility, which depends on its consumption and debt financing in different time periods. Consumer and mortgage loans are analysed. Model simulates an inefficiency of any type of consumer debt financing, and allows benefits in certain situations in mortgage debt financing. These results are discussed in terms of model assumptions, and also from the perspective of some behavioral approaches to indebtedness. The findings are put into comparison with the current trend in the debt financing and identify the reasons, why the model is or is not equivalent to today's economic trends.

No description available.

La théorie des systèmes a acquis un statut interdisciplinaire au cours des cinq dernières décennies, et un aspect important de cette théorie concerne la commande automatique des systèmes dynamiques. Un dispositif de commande, appelé contrôleur ou régulateur, est un dispositif qu'on interconnecte à un système donné, qu'on désigne aussi sous le terme de procédé ou processus, de manière à réaliser un système global ayant un comportement désiré ou des performances spécifiées. Dans cette thèse, nous traitons de la problématique de la commande automatique des systèmes dynamiques sujets à des défaillances. Cette problématique est fortement motivée par les exigences de sûreté de fonctionnement des systèmes en milieu industriel où la commande tolérante aux défauts constitue un moyen pour améliorer la fiabilité et accroître la disponibilté des systèmes tout en assurant les performances souhaitées. Le travail présenté dans cette thèse porte essentiellement sur la synthèse de techniques de commande en ligne en vue de garantir une tolérance aux pannes à tout moment pour le système bouclé. Deux approches sont proposées, à savoir une première approche basée sur une banque de contrôleurs pré-conçus et une seconde approche basée sur la conception en ligne des commandes. L'originalité de ces approches réside dans le fait qu'aucune information a priori sur le procédé n'est exigée ou n'est disponible en temps réel. En particulier, aucune identification ni estimation des paramètres du procédé n'est effectuée en temps réel. La reconfiguration des contrôleurs suite à une défaillance du procédé se base uniquement sur les trajectoires réelles (signaux) issues du procédé. Nous utilisons l'approche comportementale des systèmes comme paradigme de modélisation mathématique pour le développement des solutions proposées. Dans ce cadre mathématique, le concept d'interconnexion entre deux systèmes dynamiques, à savoir le contrôleur et le procédé, joue un rôle important dans la formulation et la solution du problème de commande et permet de déterminer l'ensemble admissible des trajectoires du procédé qui sont compatibles avec les spécifications de performance. Du point de vue pratique, la réduction des transitoires lors de la reconfiguration des contrôleurs est l'une des exigences importantes dans les algorithmes de commandes tolérantes aux défauts. La dernière partie de la thèse traite de la gestion de ces transitoires à l'aide d'une technique d'implantation des contrôleurs en temps réel qui assure une transition sans-à-coup lors des reconfigurations. En outre, on illustre dans cette dernière partie de la thèse les solutions de commandes obtenues pour la tolérance aux fautes sur des exemples issus du monde réel, à savoir un procédé hydraulique constitué de deux bacs à niveau, un avion en phase d'approche à l'atterrissage, et une éolienne NREL de 5 mégawatts / The field of system and control theory has achieved an interdisciplinary status during the past five decades, and we refer to the theory that was developed during this period as the conventional control theory. This mainly relates to the study of automation and the design of controllers. A controller is a device that makes the interconnection with a given system so that the controlled system can behave in a desired way. In this thesis, we deal with the issues when the controlled system becomes faulty. The control of a faulty system addresses the concept of Fault-Tolerant Control System (FTCS). The study of such systems is in response to the demands of large-scale industries since from their viewpoint it is the foremost task to design control systems, which are capable of tolerating potential faults occurring either in the internal closedloops or from the environmental factors in order to improve the reliability and availability of a system while providing the expected performance. The work presented in this thesis is mainly focused on synthesizing the online controllers that guarantee the closed-loop system to be fault-tolerant at anytime. Two methodologies are proposed in this work, which rest under the broad classification of FTC systems, namely projection-based approach and online redesign approach. The novelty of these approaches lies in the fact that any a priori information about the plant is not available in realtime. In addition, no online identification or estimation of the operating plant is carried out. Rather, the re-configuration procedure of the controllers is solely based on the measurements generated by the unknown plant. This phenomenon is very nicely demonstrated by using the time-trajectory based viewpoint of behavioral theory. Within this mathematical framework, the interconnection between two dynamical systems, namely the plant and the controller, plays the significant role. Consequently, taking the benefits of this behavioral framework, the real-time measurement based solutions are proposed to handle the fault-tolerant control problem. From the practical implementation viewpoint, the transient management during the controller reconfiguration mechanism is one of the important requirements for active FTCS. The last part of the thesis deals with the online implementation of the controllers within the behavioral framework, which takes care of the transient mechanism. The proposed approach guarantees the "real-time smooth interconnection" between the controller and the unknown plant. Moreover, in this part the application of the theory developed in the thesis is effectively demonstrated on real-world examples, namely the two-tanks system, the aircraft landing mechanism, and the NREL's 5MW wind turbine system.

Submitted by Emanuel Varela Cardoso (emanuel.varela@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-10-01T20:25:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GUSTAVO MAURÍCIO FILGUEIRAS NOGUEIRA - TESE (PPGRN) 2017.pdf: 5293935 bytes, checksum: 2e1452002070ce9dfffc37039d60c0ff (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-01T20:25:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GUSTAVO MAURÍCIO FILGUEIRAS NOGUEIRA - TESE (PPGRN) 2017.pdf: 5293935 bytes, checksum: 2e1452002070ce9dfffc37039d60c0ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-04 / O escopo da tese consiste na proposição de um modelo conceitual analíticocomportamental, consubstanciado na correlação de tipos psicológicos e estratégias de engajamento, durante os processos de negociação, denominado de “Dinâmica Comportamental da Negociação (DCN)”. A DCN, notadamente ao articular os contextos que dão forma à resolução de conflitos, através de uma visão sistêmica dos atributos comportamentais tipológicos e de engajamento, vem propiciar elementos para a construção de conceitos em níveis superiores que ocupem lacunas ainda existentes nesse processo evolutivo de valorização dos componentes comportamentais presentes no palco das negociações e das decisões. Tendo-se como campo de observação e insumo para as reflexões teóricas o estudo, balizado pela perspectiva da DCN, centrou-se sua atenção na construção do Marco Regulatório do Sistema Curema-Açu, localizado nos Estados da Paraíba e do Rio Grande do Norte, mais precisamente na sua etapa regulatória. Tal escolha deve-se ao fato de tratar-se de um processo decisório em grupo (ANA, DNOCS e Estados), do qual participam gestores públicos da área de Recursos Hídricos, tendo sido tratados, aqui, sob a ótica da dinâmica comportamental da negociação. O estudo apresenta ainda uma pesquisa comportamental realizada durante a referida etapa regulatória, destacando as tipologias e as estratégias frente às decisões que foram tomadas, tendo como lastro os fundamentos teóricos da teoria dos tipos psicológicos desenvolvidos por Carl Gustav Jung. Resultante da pesquisa, constatou-se predominantemente, nos atores participantes do processo, Tipologias Psicológicas Sensoriais “S” (83%) e Pensadores “T” (26%), os quais, com características marcantes de observar conseqüências lógicas de uma escolha e buscarem padrões e a aplicação de princípios, foram capazes de produzir um Convênio de Integração para o Marco Regulatório bastante minucioso, com amplos detalhes técnicos (incluindo dados) e com dispositivos jurídicos claros e precisos. Resultante da concepção teórica da “DCN” e, ainda, como produto deste trabalho, desenvolveu-se o sistema computacional Dealer, com direcionamento genérico, para ser executado em computador de mão (PocketPC) que, correlacionando tipos psicológicos e estratégias de engajamento, através de um algorítmo associado a uma base de conhecimento, possibilita ao mediador antever os cenários prováveis de uma negociação ocorrente, bem como determinar quais perfis e grupos são dominantes em um processo em observação. Por fim, apresentam-se evidências de adequação da DCN no Contexto do Marco Regulatório - Saída Real desfecho de reuniões de negociações do Marco Regulatório) e observa coerência no Cenário Virtual, apresentado pela ferramenta Dealer, que é alimentada com os dados do contexto observado. / The scope of this thesis consists in the proposition of a behavioral-analytical conceptual model, based on the correlation of psychological types and commitment strategies during the negotiation processes, denominated “Negotiation Behavioral Dynamics” (DCN). When articulating the contexts which shape the conflict resolution — through a systemic vision of the behavioral/typological as well as commitment attributes — DCN provides elements to the construction of concepts in superior levels which occupy existing gaps in this evolving process of highlighting the behavioral components present at the negotiation and decision scenery. The study was based on DCN perspective and focused on the Legal References of the Curema-Açu System, more precisely on its legal normative stage, being it the field of observation and input for theoretical reflections. Such choice is explained by the fact that it was a group decision process (ANA, DNOCS, Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte States), of which participated Water Resources public officials. For this thesis, this process was observed from the Negotiation Behavioral Dynamics perspective. This study still presents a behavioral research carried out during the regulation stage, drawing attention to the psychological types and strategies in relation to the decisions that were made, based on the theoretical fundaments of the theory of psychological types developed by Carl Gustav Jung. Among the process actors, the research evidenced predominantly two Psychological Typologies, namely Sensation “S” (83%) and Thinking “T” (26%), which — with outstanding characteristics to observe logical consequences of a choice and to search patterns and application of principles — were capable of producing a very detailed Accord of Integration for the Legal References, with many technical details (including data) and with clear and precise legal mechanism. Resultant of DCN’s theoretical conception and still as a product of this thesis, the Dealer system was developed to be executed in palm tops (Pocket PC), which — correlating psychological types and commitment strategies through an algorithm associated to a knowledge base — enables the mediator to foresee probable sceneries for an ongoing negotiation, as well as determine which profiles and groups are dominant in a process under observation. Eventually, the thesis presents evidence of adequacy of the DCN to the Context of Legal References — Real Outcome, that is, the outcome of negotiation meetings — and observes coherence in the Virtual Scenery, presented by the Dealer tool when fed in with the observed context data.

abstract: Research on the psychology of social power has shown how experiences of power tend to promote goal-oriented behavior and sexual perception in individuals. These experiences need not be generated through real-life power dynamics, but can be primed experimentally in the lab. A recent study has explored how power affects even lower level goal-oriented motor movement, showing how increased power facilitates the initiation of goal-oriented motor actions (Maner et al., 2010). However, this research did not explore how these goal-oriented motor movements promoted by power dynamically evolve over time, or can be influenced by sexual perceptual processes. Using an experimental paradigm known as computer mouse-tracking, we designed an experimental task to asses how participants’ – primed with either a High or Low sense of power – motor movements and sexual perceptual processes co-evolved and influenced one another during decision-making. We analyzed four distinct mouse-tracking variables, including traditional reaction time measures and novel measures indexing real-time decision-making processes. Several hypotheses are proposed and discussed. No significant findings emerged, however general trends showed promising signs for future iterations of the study. The study limitations and proposed future directions for studying these phenomena are discussed. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Psychology 2016

The theme of the master thesis is the intervention approaches used to support pupils with a specific behavioral disorder. The main aim of the thesis is to map the content of the consultancy services in Zlin Region, which are provided to pupils with specific behavioral disorders in schools and school counseling facilities, specifically pedagogical-psychological counselling centres. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. Basic concepts will be defined in the first chapter. The following chapter presents classification and differentiation of specific behavioral disorder from a medical point of view, risk factors of development of specific behavioral disorder, major and associated shows of specific behavioral disorder and its consequences. The third chapter deals with interventions and treatment options for specific behavioral disorders including prevention. Foreign approaches to pupils with a specific behavioral disorder are also outlined in this chapter. The researching part contains a chapter devoted to the methodology of research. There are included research objectives, research issues, data collection methods and the definition of a research sample. The following chapter already provides data analysis and interpretation. The chapter concludes by answering research questions....