D’Implantation de Systèmes d’Information. Etude de cas : Les PME AlgériennesNotre thèse est consacrée à l’étude des technologies de l’information et de communication (TIC), leurs usages, impacts et leurs appropriations ainsi que les contraintes qui freinent leur intégration dans les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME). Notre étude a permis : Analyser les facteurs d’acceptabilité du système d’information (SI) en adoptant une approche comportementale et montrer la nécessité d’une approche immatérielle (Humaine/Culturelle, organisationnelle /managériale…) dans la conduite et la gestion du projet SI.Prendre en considération deux niveaux d’analyse : Le niveau micro pour l’analyse des facteurs immatériels relatifs à la méthodologie du projet d’implantation de SI, et les facteurs immatériels relatifs aux phases du projet SI. Le niveau macro pour l’analyse des facteurs immatériels relatifs à la stratégie d’aide et d’assistance, de diffusion des TIC dans les PME. La conception d’un modèle de recherche et effectuer deux tests : Le premier test de base de notre modèle en pré-adoption a permis de révéler une corrélation positive et statistiquement significative entre les facteurs immatériels et les facteurs d’acceptabilité. Communiquez les résultats du premier test. Le deuxième test en post-adoption qui nous a permis de : Confirmer la continuité de l’acceptabilité du SI en post-adoption avec l’augmentation du taux d’acceptabilité du SI. Confirmer la continuité de la prise en compte des facteurs immatériels dans le projet d’implantation du SI avec l’augmentation du taux d’immatérialité. Déduire que notre approche immatérielle a permis d’améliorer le taux d’acceptabilité du SI et, par conséquent, augmenter le taux de succès du projet d’implantation du SI. / Our thesis is devoted to the study of information technology and communication (ICT), their uses, impacts and their appropriations as well as the constraints which slow down their integration in small and medium-sized enterprises (SME). Our research allowed :To analyze the acceptability factors of the information system by adopting a behavioral approach and aims at showing the necessity of an immaterial approach (Human / Cultural, organizational / managerial ...) in the conduct and management of the project of the information system (IS). To Consider two levels of analysis: The micro level to analyze the immaterial factors relative to the methodology of the implementation project of IS and the immaterial factors relative to the phases of the project of the IS. The macro level to analyze the immaterial factors relative to the strategy of assistance and support, diffusion of ICT in SME. To Concept design of a research model and doing two tests: The first basic test of our model in pre-adoption allowed to show a statistically significant correlation between the immaterial factors and the acceptability factors. Communicate the results of the first test. The second test model in post-adoption phase allowed to confirm the continuity of the acceptability of IS in post-adoption with the increase of the rate of acceptability of IS. Confirm the continuity of the consideration of the immaterial factors in the project of implementation of an IS with the increase of the rate of system immateriality. Deduct that our immaterial approach allowed to improve the rate of acceptability of the IS and, consequently, to increase the rate of success of the project of implementation of IS.

The MA thesis compares cognitive-behavioral, spiritual and holotropic breathwork approaches in drug abuse treatment. The theoretical part briefly describes a function of some psychotropic substances and drugs in history. It follows the description of drug addiction genesis and drug addiction types. Other chapter of the theoretical part deals with system of treatment for drug addicts and role of psychotherapy in the treatment. There is also a description of three fundamental approaches for three methods used in drug abuse treatment at the end of the theoretical part. The practical part of the MA thesis characterizes the comparison of three institutions, which use different methods in drug abuse treatment. The chosen institutions were: cognitive-behavioral method {--} Červený Dvůr Psychiatric Hospital, spiritual approach {--} Postovice Therapeutic Community, holotropic breathwork method {--} Atelier II Private Psychotherapeutic Centre. Although, each of these institutions provides a treatment for substance (alcohol or other psychotropic drugs) abuse and addiction, their methods / approaches to the treatment have different fundamental bases. This part also contains transcriptions of structured talks with clients who experienced the mentioned methods / approaches. At the end of the MA thesis the selected approaches based on monitored marks are analyzed and compromise approach for drug abuse treatment is suggested.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-11T13:14:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 claudiaaparecidadecarvalho.pdf: 3575170 bytes, checksum: 19ed07de4125cf818caada8c5ba2e810 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-25T17:08:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 claudiaaparecidadecarvalho.pdf: 3575170 bytes, checksum: 19ed07de4125cf818caada8c5ba2e810 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-25T17:08:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 claudiaaparecidadecarvalho.pdf: 3575170 bytes, checksum: 19ed07de4125cf818caada8c5ba2e810 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-02 / O tabagismo é resultante da dependência de nicotina e o uso do tabaco está associado a várias doenças e mortes. O Objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a eficácia de uma sessão de Intervenção Breve para dependentes de tabaco que procuram tratamento em Unidades de Atenção Primária à Saúde (UAPS) em Juiz de Fora. Método: Comparou-se a abordagem intensiva do fumante que segue o protocolo do Ministério da Saúde (MS) e se utiliza da visão Cognitivo-Comportamental com oito sessões semanais utilizando o modelo de intervenção breve, que consiste em uma forma de aconselhamento na tentativa de modificar o comportamento através de técnicas motivacionais com uma única sessão. Os participantes foram alocados em cada grupo de tratamento através de randomização. Os desfechos avaliados: cessação, motivação, redução do número de cigarros, grau de intensidade da dependência da nicotina, sintomas de depressão e ansiedade, fissura, adesão ao tratamento, tentativas de cessação para fumar. Participaram do estudo cinquenta e duas (52) pessoas. As avaliações de seguimento foram realizadas por telefone, em três e seis meses, após as intervenções. O estudo foi um piloto de um ensaio clínico randomizado com análises descritivas. Resultados: A maior parte das pessoas que compuseram o presente estudo era do sexo feminino (82,7%), com idade média de 49 anos (DP 9,6). Na avaliação de dependência de nicotina predominou o grau elevado, na linha de base, nos grupos. Nos seguimentos o grupo IB apresentou diminuição e a manteve. A motivação era alta na linha de base, nos grupos. Nos seguimentos manteve-se alta e ausente no grupo IB e alta no ACC. Os grupos apresentaram sintomas de ansiedade na linha de base. Nos seguimentos houve aumento no grupo IB e diminuição, no controle. Os grupos também apresentaram sintomas de depressão. Nos seguimentos, no grupo IB, a depressão elevou-se e no controle, diminuiu. Na linha de base as pessoas apresentaram fissura moderada nos dois grupos. Nos seguimentos, a fissura manteve-se moderada no grupo IB. O grupo IB não relatou abstinência. O número de tentativas de parar de fumar aumentou. Houve redução no número de cigarros fumados e influência no comportamento de saúde. Discussão: O estudo piloto demonstrou que é possível reduzir o consumo de tabaco, mudar o comportamento de saúde, aumentar o número de tentativas de parar de fumar e manter os níveis de fissura e dependência de nicotina por meio de uma intervenção breve de sessão única. Conclusão: Uma intervenção (IB) individual, com uma sessão e menor tempo de treinamento para sua realização, menor custo para aplicação, mostrou-se promissora quando comparada ao grupo ACC. Sugere-se novos estudos para avaliar a IB em tabagismo. / Smoking is the result of nicotine addiction, and tobacco use is associated with various diseases and causes of death. The Objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a Brief Intervention (BI) session for tobacco addicts seeking treatment in Primary Health Care Units (PHCUs) in Juiz de Fora. Method: We compared the intensive treatment of the smoker, which follows the Ministry of Health (MH) protocol and uses the Cognitive-Behavioral Approach (CBA), in eight weekly sessions, with the Brief Intervention model, which consists of a form of counseling in an attempt to modify behavior through motivational techniques, in a single session. Participants were assigned to each treatment group in random order. The outcomes measured were: cessation, motivation, reduced number of cigarettes, intensity level of nicotine dependence, symptoms of depression and anxiety, craving, adherence to treatment, smoking cessation attempts. Fifty-Two (52) persons participated in the study. Follow-up evaluations were conducted by phone, at three and six months after the interventions. The study was a pilot for a randomized clinical trial with descriptive analyses. Results: Most of the people in this study were female (82.7%), with a mean age of 49 years (SD 9.6). In the baseline assessment, a high level of nicotine dependence predominated in the groups. In the follow-ups, the BI group showed and maintained a decrease. Motivation was high at the baseline, in the groups. In the follow-ups it remained high and absent in the BI group and high in the CBA group. The groups showed symptoms of anxiety in the baseline. In the follow-ups there was an increase, in the BI group, and a reduction, in the control group. The groups also showed symptoms of depression. In the follow-ups, depression increased in the BI group and decreased in the control group. In the baseline, people had moderate craving in both groups. In the follow-ups, craving remained moderate in the BI group. The BI group did not report abstinence. The number of attempts to quit smoking increased. There was a reduction in the number of cigarettes smoked and an influence on health behavior. Discussion: The pilot study showed that it is possible to reduce tobacco use, change health behavior, increase the number of attempts to quit smoking, and control the levels of nicotine craving and dependence through a brief intervention in a single session. Conclusion: An individual intervention (BI), in one session, with less training time for its administration and a lower cost to implement, showed promising results when compared to the CBA group. Further studies are suggested to evaluate the BI for smoking treatment.

Au regard des restrictions à l’incarcération introduites par l’adoption de la Loi sur le système de justice pénale pour les adolescents (LSJPA), au Centre jeunesse de Montréal - Institut universitaire (CJM-IU), s’est amorcée en 2005 la mise sur pied du programme de suivis intensifs différenciés (SID) dans la communauté. Notre stage de maitrise en intervention clinique avait comme objectifs : de participer à la mise en œuvre transversale du programme SID, de contribuer à son intégrité, de supporter les intervenants y étant associés ainsi que de bonifier le processus de référence de ce programme en développant un outil d’évaluation. Suite à cette expérience, il nous semblait nécessaire d’entreprendre une réflexion sur la situation d’implantation du programme SID, plus précisément de faire une évaluation de type formatif et constructif du niveau de concordance entre son modèle théorique et son application au quotidien ainsi que des obstacles rencontrés. Une méthodologie qualitative est apparue appropriée pour produire le matériel. Deux techniques ont été utilisées, l’observation participante sur le terrain et l’analyse du contenu de documents écrits (procès-verbaux rédigés après certains comités). Pour structurer l’ensemble du présent rapport de stage, nous avons retenu le concept de plan d’action d’un programme proposé par Chen, dont les six composantes servent de grille à l’évaluation et aident à avoir une vue globale de son implantation, ainsi que le modèle de changement de programme de la TCU (pour Texas Christian University), qui inclut les principaux stades de changement et les facteurs, aux niveaux individuel, organisationnel et du programme en soi, favorisant ou entravant la mise en œuvre d’innovations avec succès. À la lumière de notre analyse, nous considérons qu’il serait possible de surmonter ce qui gêne l’application du programme SID et qu’il ne serait pas obligatoire de faire des changements majeurs à sa théorie. Nous nous sommes permis de suggérer des ajustements qui pourraient être apportés au processus d’implantation de ce programme. En conclusion, nous estimons que la mise en œuvre du programme SID pourrait être réussie seulement si les conditions propices étaient réunies. Toutefois, selon nous, il y aura toujours certaines contraintes avec lesquelles il faudra composer. / In 2005, in the wake of the adoption of the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) and its attendant restrictions on incarceration, the Centre jeunesse de Montréal - Institut universitaire (CJM-IU) [Montreal youth centre - University institute] launched a community-oriented intensive differential case management program (IDCMP). The clinical internship reported here had the following objectives: allow participation in the cross-sectional implementation of the program, improve the program’s robustness, support program specialists, and develop an assessment tool that would improve this program’s referral process. The results of this internship indicated the necessity of reviewing the IDCMP’s implementation process, specifically through constructive, pedagogical assessment of the congruence of the plan’s theoretical model and day-to-day application, as well of the obstacles encountered. A qualitative methodology appeared appropriate for these purposes. Two techniques were used: field participant observation, and content analysis of written documents (committee minutes). Chen's Program Action Model and the Texas Christian University (TCU) Program Change Model provided the conceptual framework for the internship report. The former’s six components were the basis for an assessment checklist and oriented the global overview of the implementation of the IDCMP, while the latter provided a model of the main stages of change and the individual, organizational, and program-specific factors that favour or hinder innovation. The results indicate that overcoming obstacles to the application of the IDCMP would not require any significant changes to the program’s underlying theoretical basis. Modifications of the program’s implementation process are presented. In conclusion, we consider that the successful implementation of the IDCMP is dependent on certain conditions, and will always be subject to constraints.

No description available.

Au regard des restrictions à l’incarcération introduites par l’adoption de la Loi sur le système de justice pénale pour les adolescents (LSJPA), au Centre jeunesse de Montréal - Institut universitaire (CJM-IU), s’est amorcée en 2005 la mise sur pied du programme de suivis intensifs différenciés (SID) dans la communauté. Notre stage de maitrise en intervention clinique avait comme objectifs : de participer à la mise en œuvre transversale du programme SID, de contribuer à son intégrité, de supporter les intervenants y étant associés ainsi que de bonifier le processus de référence de ce programme en développant un outil d’évaluation. Suite à cette expérience, il nous semblait nécessaire d’entreprendre une réflexion sur la situation d’implantation du programme SID, plus précisément de faire une évaluation de type formatif et constructif du niveau de concordance entre son modèle théorique et son application au quotidien ainsi que des obstacles rencontrés. Une méthodologie qualitative est apparue appropriée pour produire le matériel. Deux techniques ont été utilisées, l’observation participante sur le terrain et l’analyse du contenu de documents écrits (procès-verbaux rédigés après certains comités). Pour structurer l’ensemble du présent rapport de stage, nous avons retenu le concept de plan d’action d’un programme proposé par Chen, dont les six composantes servent de grille à l’évaluation et aident à avoir une vue globale de son implantation, ainsi que le modèle de changement de programme de la TCU (pour Texas Christian University), qui inclut les principaux stades de changement et les facteurs, aux niveaux individuel, organisationnel et du programme en soi, favorisant ou entravant la mise en œuvre d’innovations avec succès. À la lumière de notre analyse, nous considérons qu’il serait possible de surmonter ce qui gêne l’application du programme SID et qu’il ne serait pas obligatoire de faire des changements majeurs à sa théorie. Nous nous sommes permis de suggérer des ajustements qui pourraient être apportés au processus d’implantation de ce programme. En conclusion, nous estimons que la mise en œuvre du programme SID pourrait être réussie seulement si les conditions propices étaient réunies. Toutefois, selon nous, il y aura toujours certaines contraintes avec lesquelles il faudra composer. / In 2005, in the wake of the adoption of the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) and its attendant restrictions on incarceration, the Centre jeunesse de Montréal - Institut universitaire (CJM-IU) [Montreal youth centre - University institute] launched a community-oriented intensive differential case management program (IDCMP). The clinical internship reported here had the following objectives: allow participation in the cross-sectional implementation of the program, improve the program’s robustness, support program specialists, and develop an assessment tool that would improve this program’s referral process. The results of this internship indicated the necessity of reviewing the IDCMP’s implementation process, specifically through constructive, pedagogical assessment of the congruence of the plan’s theoretical model and day-to-day application, as well of the obstacles encountered. A qualitative methodology appeared appropriate for these purposes. Two techniques were used: field participant observation, and content analysis of written documents (committee minutes). Chen's Program Action Model and the Texas Christian University (TCU) Program Change Model provided the conceptual framework for the internship report. The former’s six components were the basis for an assessment checklist and oriented the global overview of the implementation of the IDCMP, while the latter provided a model of the main stages of change and the individual, organizational, and program-specific factors that favour or hinder innovation. The results indicate that overcoming obstacles to the application of the IDCMP would not require any significant changes to the program’s underlying theoretical basis. Modifications of the program’s implementation process are presented. In conclusion, we consider that the successful implementation of the IDCMP is dependent on certain conditions, and will always be subject to constraints.