Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-04-05T11:32:15Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Michel de Paula Andraus - 2017.pdf: 2279698 bytes, checksum: 5ada4f1b3089b56ada700853d1b92147 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-04-05T11:32:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Michel de Paula Andraus - 2017.pdf: 2279698 bytes, checksum: 5ada4f1b3089b56ada700853d1b92147 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-05T11:32:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Michel de Paula Andraus - 2017.pdf: 2279698 bytes, checksum: 5ada4f1b3089b56ada700853d1b92147 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-17 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Nowadays there is an increasing environmental pressure, which causes industries to develop new alternatives for the destination of residues generated by industrial processes. The costs of construction and maintenance of industrial landfills and the environmental risks that are involved in this process have aroused the interest of several industries in studying the feasibility of residues application in agriculture. One of the alternatives for agroindustrial residues is the substrate for seedlings. In view of the above, it is verified that the use of containers of agroindustrial residues pressed together with the inoculation of rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi can bring numerous benefits to the production of forest seedlings and also to the environment. However, the association of these practices has not been sufficiently studied. The objective of this work was to evaluate the phytotechnical aspects of three forest species when cultivated in pressed blocks, composed of different proportions of agroindustrial residues and convenctional plastic tubes, and the effect of inoculation with rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi on these seedlings. For that, an experiment was carried out in which four compounds with different ratios of sugarcane bagasse, filter cake, coconut fiber and aviary waste were made. In the pressed blocks of the selected composted substrate were planted seeds of Acacia manigium, Sesbania virgata and Eucalyptus grandis. The first two species were inoculated with rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi specific for each species, and eucalyptus only with mycorrhizal fungi. At 70 days after sowing, mycorrhizal colonization, nodulation, phytotechnical and nutritional parameters were evaluated. And the data were submitted to analysis of variance and test of comparison of means. It was verified that the pressed blocks of agroindustrial residues do not provide better development of seedlings of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus grandis in relation to the conventional tube. Inoculation with rhizobia, alone or associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the seedling production phase, provides better development of the Acacia mangium species. The seedlings of Sesbânia presented better development with the system of production of seedlings in pressed blocks, made with agroindustrial residues. It could be observed that the response to the use of the pressed blocks depends on the species that will be used. / Nos dias atuais existe uma pressão ambientalista cada vez maior, que faz com que as indústrias desenvolvam novas alternativas para o destino dos resíduos gerados pelos processos industriais. Os custos de construção e manutenção de aterros industriais e os riscos ambientais que estão envolvidos neste processo têm despertado o interesse de várias indústrias em estudar a viabilidade de aplicação de resíduos na agricultura. Uma das alternativas para os resíduos agroindustriais é o substrato para a produção de mudas. Diante do exposto, verifica-se que a utilização de recipientes de resíduos agroindustriais prensados, associado à inoculação de rizóbios e fungos micorrízicos, pode trazer inúmeros benefícios à produção de mudas florestais e também ao meio ambiente. Entretanto, a associação destas práticas ainda não foi suficientemente estudada. Com isso, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os aspectos fitotécnicos de mudas de três espécies florestais quando cultivadas em blocos prensados, compostos por diferentes proporções de resíduos agroindustriais, e tubetes plásticos convencionais, e o efeito da inoculação com rizóbios e fungos micorrízicos sobre estas mudas. Para tal foi realizado um experimento onde se fez quatro compostos com diferentes proporções de bagaço de cana de açúcar, torta de filtro, fibra de coco e cama de aviário. Nos blocos prensados do substrato compostado selecionado foram plantados sementes de Acacia manigium, Sesbania virgata e Eucalyptus grandis. As duas primeiras espécies foram inoculadas com rizóbios e fungos micorrízicos específicos para cada espécie, e o eucalipto somente com fungos micorrízicos. Aos 70 dias após a semeadura foram avaliados a colonização micorrízica, nodulação, parâmetros fitotécnicos e nutricionais das mudas. E os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e teste de comparação de médias. Verificou-se que os blocos prensados de resíduos agroindustriais não proporcionam melhor desenvolvimento de mudas de A. mangium e E. grandis em relação ao tubete convencional. A inoculação com rizóbio, isoladamente ou associada com fungos micorrízicos arbusculares na fase de produção de mudas, proporciona melhor desenvolvimento da espécie A. mangium. Já as mudas de Sesbânia apresentaram melhor desenvolvimento com o sistema de produção de mudas em blocos prensados, confeccionados com resíduos agroindustriais. Pôde-se observar que a resposta ao uso dos blocos prensados depende da espécie que irá ser utilizada.

Coral bleaching is a worldwide result of climate change that is affecting the marine ecosystems greatly. Methods to help solve the issue have been previously explored and Beneficial Microorganisms for Corals (BMCs) have been proven to help mitigate coral bleaching in laboratory trials. In their efforts to test its effectiveness on the field, scientists have found that it would be beneficial to have a constant, biocompatible, source of BMCs. We have tested Calcium Alginate microspheres, what we call Alginate Beads, in terms of release rate and cell viability to determine if they are fit to be used as vectors for the BMC consortia. By placing the Beads in two different temperatures representing winter and summer temperatures in the Red Sea in agitation we were able to understand their dynamics more clearly. By using Flow Cytometry, Colony Forming Units, and microscopy techniques we were able to see that Alginate Beads incorporate bacteria into their matrix and keep them viable for up to two weeks. We also observed that the Beads release more bacterial cells at higher temperatures compared to lower temperatures. This suggests that when used in the field, Alginate Beads are able to sustain the bacteria for a prolonged time period and it will release bacteria at a higher rate in warmer temperatures potentially either season or region-wise. Hence, we believe that Alginate Beads could be suitable as vectors for field research and should be explored further.