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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

Effects of Support Fluid Type on Concrete Integrity and Durability in Drilled Shafts

Mobley, Sarah J. 02 July 2019 (has links)
Until recently, concrete flow in tremie-placed drilled shafts has been mischaracterized as rising uniformly with laitance formation occurring only at the top of the rising concrete in the shaft. In actuality, concrete first fills a portion of the reinforcement cage to a sufficient height to promote radial flow into the cover region. Depending on support fluid type, the radial flow can produce laitance-filled creases/channels projecting the reinforcing cage configuration to the side of shaft surface. The flow pattern (and creases) can affect filter cake thickness, cover quality and propensity for corrosion. This research examines 52 tremie-placed laboratory drilled shaft specimens constructed using bentonite, polymer or natural support fluid to identify correlations between support fluid type and laitance channel formation. The extent of the laitance channel effect was quantified with surface texture, corrosion potential, and strength distribution methods. A direct correlation between the use of bentonite support fluid and laitance channel formation was identified which showed a high propensity for corrosion and lower concrete strengths.
52

Reconstructing the Generation, Evolution, and Migration of Arc Magmatism using the Whole-rock Geochemistry of Bentonites: A Case Study from the Cretaceous Idaho-Farallon Arc System

Hannon, Jeffrey S. January 2020 (has links)
No description available.
53

Offering sodium bentonite and sodium bicarbonate free-choice to lactating dairy cattle

Wester, Leanna E. 03 December 2002 (has links)
The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of free-choice intake of sodium bentonite and sodium bicarbonate on physiological and production parameters. Eight Jerseys and seventeen Holsteins (four fistulated) were randomly assigned to two groups to equalize stage of lactation, age and production history. Two diets were fed: diet 1 without added sodium bicarbonate and diet 2 with sodium bicarbonate added at 1.2% of dry matter. Each group followed a different diet regime: 1) diet 1 with no free-choice (D1-NFC), 2) diet 2 with no free-choice (D2-NFC), 3) diet 1 with free-choice (D1-WFC), and 4) diet 2 with free-choice (D2-WFC). Free-choice options of sodium bentonite and sodium bicarbonate were offered side by side in a covered feeder to breed groups. Diets were changed every 10 d to provide 8 periods with a repetition of each diet regime. All diets were adjusted to 17% ADF and 17% CP. There were no differences with either breed among diets for blood and fecal observations or milk protein. Urine specific gravity was lower in both breeds when sodium bicarbonate was force-fed. Holsteins force-fed sodium bicarbonate had greater intake and milk production than Holsteins not force-fed. In Jerseys, milk urea nitrogen (MUN) decreased when sodium bicarbonate was added to the TMR. During periods in which cows were allowed free-choice access to sodium bentonite and sodium bicarbonate, Jerseys had higher urine pH, fat-corrected milk, MUN, and dry matter intake (DMI), and Holsteins had higher milk fat percentages and fecal pH. / Master of Science
54

Sorption of Palladium onto Bentonite, Illite and Shale Under High Ionic Strength Conidtions

Riddoch, Justin January 2016 (has links)
Both crystalline and sedimentary rocks are being considered as potential host rocks for a deep geological repository in Canada. Deep-seated sedimentary rocks in the Michigan Basin, Ontario, Canada contain highly saline ground and pore waters. The relatively high I of these waters may influence speciation and rock matrix sorption properties. To this end, laboratory sorption experiments were conducted to examine sorption of Pd(II) on sodium bentonite, illite and Ordovician age shale as a function of pH and solution I and initial concentration of Pd. Solutions with pH values in the range of 5 to 9, I ranging from 0.1 to 4 M and initial concentration of Pd ranging from 5×10 −8 to 1×10 −6 M were considered. A sorption time of 14 days was used and the separation method was by centrifuge. Experiments were performed under aerobic conditions at 25 ◦ CC, and the Eh value of the solution ranged from 300 to 600 mV. The data from sorption experiments were used to validate surface complexation models developed in PHREEQC with the JAEA TDB. The sorption of Pd on bentonite, shale and illite all showed strong dependence on I and pH. The dependence on initial concentration of Pd was used to plot sorption isotherms. The slope of the isotherms showed that Pd was forming inner- and outer- sphere complexes inside the stern layer for sorption onto bentonite and illite. It also showed however that shale was most likely undergoing cooperative sorption. Strong fit was found between the single layer surface complexation model for montmorillonite (the major constituent clay mineral of sodium bentonite) and experimental data, but not for illite (the major constituent clay mineral of shale). / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc)
55

HIGH-RESOLUTION CHEMOSTRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION OF THE LOWER SILURIAN (LLANDOVERY) OSMUNDBERG K-BENTONITE IN BALTOSCANDIA AND NORTHERN EUROPE

TOPRAK, FUNDA O. 02 September 2003 (has links)
No description available.
56

MIDDLE GUADALUPIAN (PERMIAN) BENTONITE BEDS, MANZANITA MEMBER, CHERRY CANYON FORMATION, WEST TEXAS: STRATIGRAPHIC AND TECTONOMAGMATIC APPLICATIONS

NICKLEN, BRIAN LEE 02 September 2003 (has links)
No description available.
57

Quaternary Volcanic Ash Transformation in the Mayan Lowland

Milawski, James 18 October 2013 (has links)
No description available.
58

Étude des Mécanismes de blocage d'un écoulement par un produit de colmatage

Truong, Quoc Quan 20 December 2012 (has links)
Ce travail de thèse porte sur l'étude des mécanismes de blocage d'un écoulement d'eau dans un milieu granulaire par injection d'un produit de colmatage, et s'inscrit plus généralement dans la problématique de l'érosion interne des sols (Projet National ERINOH). Cette recherche, à dominante expérimentale, s'appuie sur une modélisation physique unidimensionnelle. Pour cela, une conduite d'écoulement de 18 cm de diamètre intérieur et 300 cm de longueur maximale, constituée par plusieurs tronçons de 50 cm de longueur assemblés, a été développée. Celle-ci est tout d'abord remplie du matériau granulaire perméable à étudier ; on établit ensuite un écoulement d'eau permanent à pression imposée à l'amont ; finalement on vient injecter localement un produit de colmatage pour essayer de bloquer l'écoulement. Le dispositif est équipé de plusieurs capteurs de pression, de débitmètres, d'un turbidimètre afin de mettre en évidence les paramètres significatifs qui contrôlent le processus de blocage. Les paramètres expérimentaux sont les caractéristiques du milieu granulaire (type de sol, conductivité hydraulique, état de compacité…), les caractéristiques de l'écoulement (vitesses, gradients hydrauliques, régime de l'écoulement…), les propriétés rhéologiques du coulis d'injection (densité, viscosité, seuil de cisaillement…) et la technique d'injection associée. Sur la base des résultats obtenus, on propose des critères de blocage de l'écoulement combinant ces derniers paramètres sous une forme suffisamment simple, utilisable dans la pratique, pour répondre à la demande des industriels impliqués dans le projet de recherche ERINOH, qui sont confrontés à ces pathologies / The present PhD thesis focuses on the mechanisms of blocking permanent water flow through a granular soil by injection of a grout. This work is part of the more general problem of internal erosion of soils (French National Project ERINOH). This research, mainly experimental, is based on a one-dimensional physical modelling. For this, a new original prototype setup, allowing to generate permanent flow in a 18 cm inner diameter and 3 m long plexiglas pipe, has been developed. It is first filled with a highly permeable granular medium, then permanent flow of water is generated at controlled upstream pressure, and finally the grout is injected locally in order to try to block the water flow. The set-up is equipped with multiple pressure sensors, flowmeters, a turbidimeter to monitor the significant parameters that control the clogging process. The experimental parameters are the characteristics of the granular medium (soil type, hydraulic conductivity, density ...), the flow characteristics (flow rate, hydraulic gradient, flow regime ...), the rheological properties of the grout (density, viscosity, yield stress ...) and the associated injection technique. Based on the results obtained, clogging criteria are proposed, as a function of the parameters involved, in a simple form for use in practice.Key-words: internal erosion, clogging, injection, grout, bentonite, yield stress, viscosity.
59

Relation entre propriétés rhéologiques et structure microscopique de dispersions de particules d'argile dans des dispersions de polymères / Relations between rheological properties and microscopique structure of clay particle dispersions in polymer solutions

Ben Azouz, Kaouther 09 November 2010 (has links)
L'argile est utilisée avec des polymères en solution dans de nombreuses applications telles que les boues de forage ou encore pour rendre les fibres textiles résistantes au feu. Du fait de la structure très particulière des particules d'argile, avec plusieurs échelles d'association de feuillets, les propriétés rhéologiques de dispersions d'argile dans des solutions de polymère dépendent fortement de l'histoire mécanique du matériau. Une étude de vieillissement des dispersions d'argile dans les solutions aqueuses de CMC a montré l'effet du temps, en particulier sur l'existence d'un seuil de contrainte et son évolution. Les mesures rhéologiques mettent en évidence des comportements de type « gel ». Ils résultent de la formation, au sein du fluide, de réseaux élastiques de nature différente selon la phase continue utilisée. Dans l'eau, les particules partiellement exfoliées s'associent entre elles selon des mécanismes qui dépendent du pH. Alors que dans la solution de polymère, il semble que des agrégats de particules soient connectés entre eux par l'intermédiaire des chaînes macromoléculaires. L'influence de la température et du pH sur les propriétés rhéologiques a été examinée. Plusieurs expériences indépendantes ont montré une évolution non monotone des caractéristiques mécaniques des fluides lorsque la température augmente. Ceci peut s'expliquer en invoquant un accroissement de la mobilité des chaînes favorisant l'ouverture des agrégats se dissociant en agrégats de plus petite taille. Le contrôle du pH quant à lui permet de modifier les interactions particule-particule et particule-polymère et, de ce fait, d'agir sur les propriétés mécaniques des gels formés. / The clay is used with polymer solutions in numerous applications such as drilling muds or to make textile fibers fireproof. Because of the very particular structure of the clay particles, with several scales of association of platelets, the rheological properties of clay dispersions in aqueous polymer solutions strongly depend on the mechanical history of the material. An ageing study of clay dispersion in aqueous CMC solutions showed the effect of time, in particular on the existence of a yield stress and its evolution. The rheological measurements display gel like behaviours. They are the result of formation, within the fluid, of different kind of networks, depending on the continuous phase. The partially exfoliated particles join together according to mechanisms which depend on the pH. While in the polymer solution, it seems that particle aggregates are connected through the macromolecular chains. The influence of the temperature and the pH on the rheological properties is studied. Several independent experiments show a non-monotonous evolution of the mechanical properties of the fluids as the temperature increases. It may be due to an increase of the mobility of the macromolecular chains favouring the dissociation of the particles aggregates. The control of the pH allows the particle-particle and particle-polymer interactions to be modified and to therefore act on the mechanical properties of the gels.
60

Processing characterization and modeling of thermomechanical properties of threee abradable coatings : NiCrAl-bentonite, CoNiCrAlY-BN-polyester, and YSZ-polyester / Elaboration, caractérisation et modélisation des propriétés thermomécaniques de trois revêtements abradables : niCrAl-Bentonite, CoNiCrAlY-BN-Polyester et YSZ-Polyester

Aussavy, Delphine 15 December 2016 (has links)
L'objectif de ces travaux a été d'estimer les propriétés thermomécanique des revêtements abradables. Lesmatériaux abradables sont des structures fortement hétérogènes et le but a été de considérer leurs microstructuresdétaillées. L'intérêt de ces travaux a été de passer outre la difficulté de leur dimensionnement lors de l'élaborationdes couches. Trois revêtements abradables ayant différentes natures et différentes microstructures ont étéétudiées, la complexité de leur microstructure était différente les unes des autres. Leurs propriétés ont étédéterminées par une méthode de modélisation 2D appliquée directement pixel par pixel pour prendre enconsidération la microstructure détaillée. Afin de valider la méthode de modélisation, les résultats calculés ont étécouplés et comparés à des valeurs expérimentales. Deux méthodes de modélisations ont été appliquées : uneméthode conventionnelle; avec une image des revêtements représentant les détails de la microstructure aussi bienque la microstructure dans sa globalité ainsi qu'une méthode de modélisation 2-échelles, avec une première échellereprésentant les détails de la microstructure de la matrice et une seconde échelle représentant le revêtement globalet notamment la distribution des plus gros pores.Une des conclusions principales de ces travaux est la suivante : Si la complexité du matériau augmente, le nombred'échelle nécessaire pour décrire la microstructure réelle augmente. La méthode de modélisation 2 échelles a étévalidée à travers la comparaison entre les valeurs calculées et les résultats expérimentaux. Ces travaux ont aidé àobtenir un outil pour sélectionner digitalement les microstructures les plus prometteuses pour les applicationsd'abradabilité. Ceci permet de réduite le nombre de tests expérimentaux à effectuer. Ces tests expérimentaux sontplus longs à mettre en oeuvre et coutent plus cher. C'est un outil support quant au développement des structuresabradables. / The objective of this work was to estimate apparent thermomechanical properties of abradable coating. Abradablematerials are strongly heterogeneous structures and the aim was to consider their detailed microstructure. Theinterest of this work is to overstep one difficulty when manufacturing abradable coating which is their dimensioning.Three abradable coatings having different nature and different microstructures have been studied. Theirmicrostructure complexity was different one from each other. Their properties were determined by a 2D modelingmethod which was applied directly pixel by pixel to take account of all the microstructural details. To validate themodeling method, the results calculated were coupled and compared to experimental ones. Two modeling methodhave been applied, a conventional one, with coating image representing coating microstructural details as well asthe global coating microstructural distribution and a 2-scale modeling method, with one scale representing themicrostructural details of the matrix and a second on representing the global coating coarse pores distribution. Onemain conclusion of this work is the following one: If the material complexity increases, the number of scalemandatory to describe the real microstructure increases. The 2-scales modeling method has been validated throughcomparison of the calculated values with those obtained experimentally. This work helps to provide a tool for digitallyselect the most promising abradable layers with the effect of reducing the number of experimental tests, which arelonger and more expensive to implement. It is a tool for decision support in the abradable coating development.

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