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The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers
to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is
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Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
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Showing 11 to 12 of 12 (0.016 seconds)Spelling suggestions: "subject:"bergrum"" "subject:"aegrum""
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Konvertering av oljelager till värmelager : I Sundsvalls fjärrvärmesystem / Conversion of oil storage to thermal energy storageHagstedt, Love January 2020 (has links)
This study has examined how an oil storage could be converted into a thermal heat storage (TES). Focus was put on the transient thermal heat flow that occurs during the early years when using a rock cavern as a TES. First existing literature were studied to learn from earlier experiences. Crucial steps of a conversion were identified as well as important mistakes that have been made in the past. Simulations of Sundsvall’s district heating (DH) system were made to see what impact a large TES would have. These simulations showed the importance of being able to transfer enough amount of heat. Then heat simulations were preformed to study the transient heat flow. This showed that much of the heat will be heating the rock around the cavern. Over time, the losses decrease as the rock around the cavern remains heated, due to its thermal inertia. This means that some energy needs to be considered an investment cost as it will not be used in the DH-grid but will increase the efficiency of the TES. 4 different heating strategies were analysed and the heat losses during 25 years were measured. The results showed that a conversion would save between 0,7 – 1,55 million SEK annually depending on how many caverns were converted and cost approximately 6 million SEK for one cavern, 10,5 million SEK for two caverns and 15 million SEK for three caverns. / I denna studie har det undersökts hur ett oljelager kan omvandlas till ett termisk värmelager. Fokus låg på det transienta värmeflödet som inträffar under de första åren när ett bergrum används som värmelager. Först studerades litteratur för att lära av tidigare erfarenheter. Avgörande steg för en konvertering identifierades liksom viktiga misstag som har gjorts tidigare. Simuleringar av Sundsvalls fjärrvärmesystem gjordes för att se vilken påverkan ett stort värmelager skulle ha. Dessa simuleringar visade vikten av att kunna överföra tillräcklig mängd värme. Därefter genomfördes värmesimuleringar för att studera det transienta värmeflödet. Detta visade att mycket av värmen kommer att värma berget runt bergrummet. Med tiden minskar förlusterna när berget runt rummet förblir uppvärmd på grund av dess termiska tröghet. Detta innebär att en del energi måste betraktas som en investeringskostnad eftersom den inte kommer att användas i fjärrvärmesystemet utan kommer att öka effektiviteten hos lagret. Fyra olika uppvärmningsstrategier analyserades och värmeförlusterna under 25 år mättes. Resultaten visade att en omvandling skulle spara mellan 0,7 - 1,55 miljoner SEK årligen med en trivial driftstrategi beroende på hur många bergrum som konverterades och kosta cirka 6 miljoner SEK för ett bergrum, 10,5 miljoner SEK för två bergrum och 15 miljoner SEK för tre bergrum. I framtida studier bör en optimal driftstrategi tas fram utifrån det aktuella systemet.
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Hydrogen Production and Storage Optimization based on Technical and Financial Conditions : A study of hydrogen strategies focusing on demand and integration of wind power. / Optimering av vätgasproduktion och lagring utifrån tekniska och ekonomiska förutsättningar : En studie av vätgasstrategier med fokus på efterfrågan och integration av vindkraft.Langels, Hanna, Syrjä, Oskar January 2021 (has links)
There has recently been an increased interest in hydrogen, both as a solution for seasonal energy storage but also for implementations in various industries and as fuel for vehicles. The transition to a society less dependent on fossil fuels highlights the need for new solutions where hydrogen is predicted to play a key role. This project aims to investigate technical and economic outcomes of different strategies for production and storage of hydrogen based on hydrogen demand and source of electricity. This is done by simulating the operation of different systems over a year, mapping the storage level, the source of electricity, and calculating the levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH). The study examines two main cases. The first case is a system integrated with offshore wind power for production of hydrogen to fuel the operations in the industrial port Gävle Hamn. The second case examines a system for independent refueling stations where two locations with different electricity prices and traffic flows are analyzed. Factors such as demand, electricity prices, and component costs are investigated through simulating cases as well as a sensitivity analysis. Future potential sources of income are also analyzed and discussed. The results show that using an alkaline electrolyzer (AEL) achieves the lowest LCOH while PEM electrolyzer is more flexible in its operation which enables the system to utilize more electricity from the offshore wind power. When the cost of wind electricity exceeds the average electricity price on the grid, a higher share of wind electricity relative to electricity from the grid being utilized in the production results in a higher LCOH. The optimal design of the storage depends on the demand, where using vessels above ground is the most beneficial option for smaller systems and larger systems benefit financially from using a lined rock cavern (LRC). Hence, the optimal design of a system depends on the demand, electricity source, and ultimately on the purpose of the system. The results show great potential for future implementation of hydrogen systems integrated with wind power. Considering the increased share of wind electricity in the energy system and the expected growth of the hydrogen market, these are results worth acknowledging in future projects.
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