A study on application of combinatorial methods (CM) and high-throughput methods (HTM) to biomaterials design, characterization, and screening are reported in this thesis - focusing on screening the effects of biomaterial surface features on adherent bone cell cultures. Polymeric biomaterials were prepared on two-dimensional combinatorial libraries that systematically varied the size and shape of chemically-distinct microstructural patterns - generated from blends of biodegradable polyurethanes and polyesters. Characterization and screening were performed with high-throughput optical and fluorescence microscopy. A unique advance of this work is the application of data mining techniques to identify the controlling structural features that affect cell behavior from among the myriad variety of metrics from the microscope images. The results from this study demonstrated the potentials of CM/HTS to be applied to exploratory studies involving complex systems in life sciences. This study accomplishes the goal to demonstrate the efficient screening and exploration of vast and complex dataset, extracting important and meaningful information to narrow down the future path of study in this field. Further study aimed to tuning cellular responses via signals from surface cues will be necessary to examine the causal relationships beyond the observed correlations shown in this exploratory study. It is recommended for further studies to narrow down the range for surface patterning around each of the three 'activation' ranges found in this study: apoptotic, viable, and one unknown state to be studied further. Different cellular-function staining methods will be necessary to be used in cellular imaging techniques in order to explore this unknown state further.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2003. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 177-181).

This research studies microdrilling of biocompatible materials including commercially pure titanium, 316L stainless steel, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and aluminum 6061-T6. A microdrilling technique that uses progressive pecking and micromist coolant is developed that allows drilling of 127 micrometers diameter microholes with an aspect ratio of 10:1. The drilling parameters, dominant wear pattern, hole positioning accuracy and effect of AlTiN tool coating are experimentally determined. The experimental data trend agrees with classical Taylor's machining equation. Despite of fragile and long microdrills, the progressive pecking cycle and micromist allowed deep hole drilling on all the tested materials. Drill wear is more pronounced at outer cutting edge due to higher cutting speeds. However, when drilling 316L stainless steel attrition wear at chisel edge is dominant. Hole quality degradation due to formation of built up edge at the drill tip is observed. Coated drill improves tool life by 122% and enhances hole quality when drilling 316L stainless steel. The hole positioning accuracy is improved by 115% and total hole diameter variation decreased from 0.11% to 0.003% per mm of drilling distance.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 298-310).

Orientador: Célio Percinoto / Banca: Elisa Maria Aparecida Giro / Banca: Marcelo José Strazzeri Bönecker / Banca: Robson Frederico Cunha / Banca: Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem / Resumo: A necessidade de melhorar a qualidade dos materiais utilizados no tratamento endodôntico tem estimulado o estudo de vários materiais buscando melhores condições de trabalho, biocompatibilidade e capacidade de estimular a mineralização dos tecidos. Este trabalho teve a finalidade de avaliar a capacidade de mineralização do MTA, Sealapex e Sealapex plus (combinação entre MTA e Sealapex) usando o implante de tubos de dentina preenchidos com os materiais em tecido subcutâneo de ratos e a citotoxicidade e a produção de citocinas (IL-1β e IL-6) por fibroblastos de camundongos estimulados por estes cimentos. Para avaliação da capacidade de mineralização foram utilizados 32 ratos, os quais receberam individualmente dois implantes de tubos de dentina contendo os cimentos ou tubos vazios que serviram de controle. Os períodos de avaliação foram 7 e 30 dias. Após cada período experimental, quatro animais foram sacrificados e os tubos de dentina juntamente com o tecido que o circunda foram removidos, fixados e processados para análise em microscopia óptica. As peças foram incluídas em uma mistura de parafina e cera de carnaúba (5%). As secções foram feitas seriadamente com 10mm de espessura e foram coradas de acordo com a técnica Von Kossa ou permaneceram sem coloração para serem visualizadas sob luz polarizada em microscópio óptico. Os critérios de avaliação foram: cápsula fibrosa fina quando < 150μm e espessa quando > 150μm. Necrose e calcificação foram registradas como presente ou ausente. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste Qui-quadrado. A formação de tecido mineralizado e granulações birrefringentes à luz polarizada foram observadas em todos os materiais nos tempos de 7 e 30 dias. Para o teste de citotoxicidade foram utilizados fibroblastos de camundongos (L929) que foram incubados em placas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The quality improvement of the endodontic materials is a need that has been stimulating the study of several materials aiming better work conditions, biocompatibility and mineralized tissue stimulation ability. The present work aimed to evaluate the mineralization ability of MTA, Sealapex and Sealapex plus (combination between MTA and Sealapex) using the implant of dentin tubes filled with the materials into the subcutaneous tissue of rats, the cytotoxicity, and cytokines production (IL-1β and IL-6) by fibroblasts stimulated by the materials. Thirty two rats were used for the tissue reaction test which received two implants of dentine tubes filled with the materials or empty tubes were used as control. The periods of evaluation were 7 and 30 days. After each period of evaluation, four animals were killed and the tubes and the surrounding tissue were removed, fixed and processed to be evaluated in optic microscope. The specimens were embedded in a mixture of paraffin and carnauba wax (5%). The sections were serially cut with 10mm and stained with Von Kossa or remained without staining to be evaluated under polarized light. The evaluation criteria were: fibrous capsule thin < 150 μm and thick > 150 μm. Necrosis and calcification were recorded as present or absent. The results were statistically analyzed using Qui-square test. Mineralization and birrefringent granulations to polarized light were observed with all materials and in both periods of observation. For the cytotoxicity test, fibroblasts from mice (L929) were incubated in 24 well plates and stimulated with polyethylene tubes filled with the materials. Cells cultured without the materials stimulation were used as control. After 24 hours of stimulation, the cytotoxicity was evaluated using the reduction colorimetric test (MTT). The results were analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni's correction... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Os cimentos de ionômero de vidro são biomateriais constituídos de polímeros ácidos, vidro básico (ionizável) e água, sendo usados amplamente no campo odontológico, como materiais restauradores ou ainda como cimentadores de bandas ortodônticas. Estes compostos podem ser suscetíveis a formação de biofilmes por espécies de Candida na sua superfície em função da rugosidade associada a colonização fúngica do meio bucal. Pesquisas na área de desenvolvimento de biomateriais funcionais tem buscado desenvolver compostos de alta eficácia e baixa toxicidade que sejam capazes de inibir a formação de biofilmes sobre superfícies biológicas. Considerando a busca por novos biomateriais, foi desenvolvido um estudo ex vivo com o objetivo de modificar a estrutura de um cimento de ionômero de vidro comercialmente disponível (Ketac® Cem Easymix 3M) através da inserção do sal imidazólico cloreto de 1-nhexadecil- 3-metilimidazol comparado ao cloreto de cetilpiridínio para compor um novo composto com atividade antibiofilme. O sal imidazólico e o cloreto de cetilpiridínio foram acrescentados diretamente ao pó do ionômero de vidro na proporção de 10 ppm p/p. A partir desta adição inicial, foi realizada a reação de polimerização do ionômero, obtendo corpos de prova (CP) medindo 5 mm Ø × 3 mm h, os quais foram divididos em 03 grupos: CP1, constituído do ionômero na formulação original (controle de crescimento de biofilme); CP2, constituído do ionômero acrescido com o cloreto de cetilpiridínio (referência) e CP3, constituído do ionômero acrescido do sal imidazólico. Foram testadas nove cepas de Candida não albicans resistentes ao antifúngicos usuais, sendo três cepas de C. glabrata (RL22, RL24 e RL25), três cepas de C. tropicalis (57A, 72A e 72P) e três cepas de C. parapsilosis (RL11, RL20 e RL32), todas depositadas no Laboratório de Micologia da UFRGS. Avaliou-se a resistência a deformação plástica pelo teste de microdureza; a atividade antibiofilme pela avaliação de inibição de crescimento na superfície dos CP por microscopia eletrônica de varredura e avaliação de hipoalerginicidade pelo teste da membrana cório-alantoide. O teste de microdureza não apresentou diferença significativa (p>0,05) entre os três grupos, com valor médio de 44.2 HV para o CP1, 43.5 HV para o CP2 e 43,1 HV para o CP3. A avaliação da superfície dos CP através da análise de microscopia eletrônica demonstrou haver inibição completa da formação do biofilme de todas as cepas testadas. O teste da membrana cório-alantoide indicou que o ionômero de vidro na sua composição original, bem como acrescido dos dois compostos testados, demonstrou ser hipoalergênico. Considerando os dados apresentados, podemos concluir que a adição do sal imidazólico na formulação do ionômero de vidro promoveu a ação antibiofilme contra cepas multirresistente sem perda nas características de microdureza e hipoalergenicidade. / Glass ionomer cements are biomaterials composed of acid polymers, basic glass (ionizable) and water, being widely used in dentistry, as restorative materials or as orthodontic bands. These compounds may be susceptible to biofilm formation on their surface by Candida species because of the roughness associated with fungal colonization of the oral cavity. Research on antifungal drugs development has focused on the synthesis of new compounds, that present effective action and low toxicity that are able to inhibit the formation of biofilms on biological surfaces. Considering the demand for biomaterials with antibiofilm activity, an ex vivo study was developed with the objective of modifying the structure of a commercially available glass ionomer cement (Ketac® Cem Easymix 3M) by insertion of the imidazole salt 1-n-hexadecyl-3- methylimidazole chloride compared to the cetylpyridinium chloride to make a novel compound with antibiofilm activity. The imidazole salt and cetylpyridinium chloride were added directly to the glass ionomer powder at a ratio of 10 ppm w/w. From this initial addition, the ionomer polymerization reaction was performed, obtaining test specimens (TS) measuring 5 mm Ø × 3 mm h, divided into three groups; i) TS1, composed only of GIC (growth control reference); ii) TS2, glass ionomer and cetylpyridinium chloride added directly to the powder (drug reference); and iii) TS3, glass ionomer and imidazolium salt using the same procedure. Nine strains of nonalbicans Candida, resistant to usual antifungals, were used; three C. glabrata strains (RL22, RL24 and RL25), three C. tropicalis strains (57A, 72A and 72P) and three C. Parapsilosis strains (RL11, RL20 and RL32), all the strains are deposited in the Mycology Collection at UFRGS. The plastic deformation was evaluated by the microhardness test; the antibiofilm activity by the evaluation of inhibition of growth on the surface of the specimens by scanning electron microscopy and evaluation of hypoallerginicity by the test of the chorioallantoic membrane. The plastic deformation evaluation showed no significant difference among the three groups, with a mean value of 44.2 HV for TS1, 43.5 HV for TS2 and 43,1 HV for TS3. Evaluating the biofilm formation on TSs, all the isolates form biofilm on TS1 (reference). On the other hand, both TS2 and TS3 were able to inhibit surface biofilm growth. The allergenicity evaluation of the three TSs showed no evidence of tissue alteration, considering that the eggs’ chorioallantoic membrane remained intact. Considering the presented data, we can conclude that the addition of the imidazole salt in the glass ionomer formulation promoted the antibiofilm action against multiresistant strains without loss in the characteristics of microhardness and hypoallergenicity.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-07-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:01:27Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 coutinho_ccc_dr_araca.pdf: 2553460 bytes, checksum: 3452236f6d7b2eaf564065c254e191ca (MD5) / Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a dinâmica da reparação de alvéolos preenchidos com coágulo sanguineo e com vidro bioativo (Perioglass®) em ratos não diabéticos, diabéticos controlados e não controlados através de técnica histológica, histométrica e imunoistoquímica. Para tanto foram utilizados 90 ratos Wistar, machos, com peso entre 230-310g que foram divididos em 3 grupos: Grupo I (grupo controle), Grupo II (grupo diabético não controlado) e Grupo III (grupo diabético controlado); os animais dos Grupos II e III foram induzidos a diabetes através da administração de Streptozotocina (STZ) dissolvida em tampão citrato a 0,01M via veia peniana na concentração de 35mg/Kg de peso do animal enquanto os animais do grupo I receberam apenas a administração de tampão citrato a 0,01M. Os animais do Grupo III receberam diariamente a partir do 4º dia da indução do diabetes a administração de insulina NPH via subcutânea. No 12º após administração do diabetogênico ou tampão citrato os animais foram induzidos a anestesia geral e tiveram o incisivo superior direito extraídos. Metade dos animais de cada grupo tiveram o alvéolo preenchido com coágulo sanguineo e a outra metade teve o alvéolo preenchido parcialmente com Perioglass®; todos os animais foram suturados com o fio de poliglactina 910. Os períodos experimentais foram aos 7, 14 e 28 dias pós-operatórios. Foram realizadas análise histológica qualitativa em lâminas coradas pela HE e análise histométrica em dois campos de tamanhos idênticos localizados na porção lingual do terço médio alveolar utilizando o Software Imagelab 2000 (Diracon 3) em lâminas coradas pelo Tricrômico de Masson; as médias percentuais de tecido ósseo neoformado foram submetidos ao teste estatístico de Análise de Variância e o pós teste de Holm Sidak... / The present study has the aim to evaluate the dynamics of the bone repair in dental sockets filled with blood clot and with bioactive glass (Perioglass®) in non diabetics, controlled diabetics and non controlled diabetics rats through a histological, histometric and immunohistochemistry approach. To perform this study, 90 Wistar rats, male, wheighing between 230-310g were divided in three groups: Group I (Control Group), Group II (Non controlled diabetic Group) and Group III (Controled Diabetic Group); the animals of Groups II and III were induced to diabetics disease through the administration of Streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in 0,01M citrate buffer in penis vein in concentration of 35mg/kg corporal weigh while the animals of Group I received the administration of 0,01M citrate buffer. The animals of Group III received daily, since the 4th day after the diabetics induction, the administration of NPH insuline in a subcutaneous way. In the 12th day after the administration of STZ or citrate buffer, the animals were induced to general anesthesia and had the upper right incisive extracted. Half of the animals of each group had the dental socket filled with blood clot and the other animals had the dental socket partially filled with Perioglass®. All of the animals were sutured with 910 poliglactine thread. The experimental periods were at 7, 14 and 28 pos extraction days. It was performed a qualitative histological analysis in slices stained with HE and the histometric analysis in two sites with same size localized in the lingual portion of the middle third of the dental socket was performed using the Imagelab 2000 Software (Diracon 3) in slices stained with Masson’ s Tricromic; the percentual mean values of neoformed bone tissue were submitted to the statistical test of Variance Analysis and the post test of Holm Sidak... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2001-02-08Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:02:15Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rasquin_lc_dr_arafo.pdf: 3893563 bytes, checksum: 878343df876b4142fa2d487eea60d577 (MD5) / O objetivo do presente estudo foi o de avaliar comparativamente, dois cimentos obturadores de canal radicular à base de resina epóxica, AH Plus e Sealer Plus, através de duas diferentes metodologias. 1. Teste in vivo - Avaliação histopatológica em dentes de cães. Foram utilizados 36 canais radiculares de dentes pré-molares superiores e inferiores de 2 cães, com vitalidade pulpar, os quais, após o preparo biomecânico coadjuvado pela irrigação/aspiração e inundação com solução de hipoclorito de sódio a 1% (Líquido de Dakin), foram obturados pela técnica clássica complementada pela condensação lateral ativa, empregando os cimentos Sealer Plus (Grupo I) e AH Plus (Grupo II). Decorridos 90 dias após a obturação, os animais foram sacrificados por sobredose anestésica, as maxilas e mandíbulas removidas e fixadas em formol a 10%, durante 48 horas. Após processamento histológico de rotina, os cortes foram corados pela hematoxilina e eosina, pelo tricrômico de Mallory e Brown e Brenn. A análise histopatológica evidenciou que o cimento AH Plus, quanto à compatibilidade biológica, mostrou-se superior ao Sealer Plus, sendo o cimento que melhor permitiu a deposição de tecido mineralizado à nível apical, oferecendo um selamento quase completo na maioria dos casos, com infiltrado inflamatório ausente e quando presente era suave no tecido intersticial e/ou junto ao material obturador, assim como na região periapical. Já, com o cimento Sealer Plus, ocorreu predominantemente, selamento parcial, porém sempre acompanhado de infiltrado inflamatório de grau suave, no tecido intersticial, porém, mais concentrado, junto ao cimento obturador. Quando o material obturador era observado na região periapical, o infiltrado inflamatório apresentava-se, classificado como de grau moderado, concentrado próximo ao... . / The scope of the present study was to evaluate comparativily, two root canal resin - based sealers - AH Plus and Sealer Plus through two different methodologies. 1. In vivo study - Histopathological evaluation in teeth of dogs. 36 root canals of lower and upper bicuspide teeth of 2 dogs with vital pulp, which after biomechanic preparation utilizing sodium hypochloride solution at 1% (Milton solution) were filling by classical technique complemented by active lateral condensation, using Sealer Plus (Group I) and AH Plus (Group II). 90 days after treatment, the animals were sacrificed by overdose anesthetical. After histopathological processing of routine, the sections were stained with hematoxiline and eosine, Mallory Trichromic and Brown and Brenn. The histopathological analysis had evidenced that the AH Plus sealer shows more biological compatibility in relation to the Sealer Plus being the sealer that shows more good deposition of mineralized tissue to the apical level, offering an almost full apical sealing in the majority of the cases, with infiltrated inflammatory absent and when present was mild in the interstitial tissue and/or together to the material sealer, as well as in the periapical region. With the Sealer Plus, partial apical sealing occurred, however always followed by infiltrated inflammatory of mild degree in the intersticial tissue, however, more concentrated, together to the filling material when in the periapical region, the inflammatory infiltrated was presented, classified as of moderate degree. 2. In vitro study - With the objective to analyze pH and clearing of total calcium by periods that had varied from 0 to the 5 days, the filling materials. AH Plus and Sealer Plus had been manipulated according to the manufacturers instructions. Samples of each sealer were... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-06-15Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:05:33Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 faeda_rs_dr_arafo.pdf: 15247078 bytes, checksum: c62d1ae9dfd05690aa2ca25b49d04945 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O sucesso dos sistemas modernos de implantes dentais tem sido relacionado ao desenvolvimento do design e das características de superfícies dos implantes. O propósito do presente estudo foi avaliar duas novas superfícies de implantes (modificada por laser - LMS e recoberta por hidroxiapatita biomimética - HA), comparando-as a outro implante comercial, (superfície usinada – MS). Um total de 144 implantes (3,75 x 10mm), 48 de cada superfície, foram instalados na tíbia de coelhos e avaliados após 4, 8 e 12 semanas. Após os períodos de cicatrização os animais foram sacrificados, um dos implantes expostos e a força necessária para derosquea-los foi aferida por um torquímetro analógico. O outro implante foi removido com o tecido ósseo peri-implantar e processado por corte histológico calcificado para análise histomorfométrica do contato osso-implante (BIC%) e da área óssea entre espiras (BBT%). Em 4 e 8 semanas, os implantes HA apresentaram valor de torque de remoção estatisticamente superior (p<0,05) quando comparado aos demais, sendo o mesmo observado para os implantes LMS quando comparados aos MS. Após 12 semanas, os implantes HA e LMS foram estatisticamente superiores aos implantes MS. Por outro lado, a análise do contato osso-implante mostrou que na região cortical, os implantes LMS e HA foram estatisticamente superiores ao MS para todos os períodos de cicatrização, sem diferença estatística entre LMS e HA. A análise histomorfométrica mostrou que, quando comparados na região endosteal, os implantes LMS e HA foram estatisticamente superiores ao MS no período inicial de cicatrização. Embora os implantes LMS e HA não apresentassem diferenças estatísticas entre eles, uma tendência de maiores valores de BIC% para HA na região endosteal foi observada em todos os períodos do estudo.Os resultados deste estudo mostram que apesar de não haver diferença... / Purpose: Considering the great biological potential of the association between laser ablation and hydroxyapatite thin layer coatings to create an interesting bioactive environment on titanium dental implants, the aim of the present study was to investigate, by histomorphometrical and removal torque analysis, the histological effects of a surface treatment created by laser-ablation (Nd:YAG) and, later, thin deposition of HA particles by a chemical process compared to implants with only laser-ablation and implants with machined surfaces. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight rabbits received two implant by tibiae of the following surfaces: Machined surface (MS), laser-modified surface (LMS) and biomimetic hydroxiapatite coated surface (HA). After 4, 8 and 12 weeks of healing, one implant was exposed, and the needed force to unscrew measured using an analogical torque gauge. The other implant and surrounding bone was removed and prepared by a calcified histological process. The percentage of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and the bone area formed between the threads (BBT) were evaluated separately to the cortical and endosteal region. Results: The difference was statistically significant (P < .05) between the LMSMS and HA-MS surfaces in all periods of evaluation, and between LMS-HA to 4 and 8 weeks of healing. The surface characterization showed a deep, rough, and regular topography provided by the laser conditioning, that was followed by the HA coating. Average BIC percentage in the cortical region was significantly higher (P<0.001) on the LMS and HA implants, compared with MS ones for all periods of healing, having no statistical differences between LMS and HA. When compared in the endosteal area, the LMS and HA implants showed statistically higher (P<0.01) BIC percentage values than MS at the initial periods of healing (LMS after 4 weeks and HA after 4 and 8 weeks, respectively)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-03-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:22:58Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 gomes_ac_dr_araca.pdf: 755020 bytes, checksum: f24a6520c92284993a7187c85d96cf70 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / A necessidade de melhorar a qualidade dos materiais utilizados no tratamento endodôntico tem estimulado o estudo de vários materiais buscando melhores condições de trabalho, biocompatibilidade e capacidade de estimular a mineralização dos tecidos. Este trabalho teve a finalidade de avaliar a capacidade de mineralização do MTA, Sealapex e Sealapex plus (combinação entre MTA e Sealapex) usando o implante de tubos de dentina preenchidos com os materiais em tecido subcutâneo de ratos e a citotoxicidade e a produção de citocinas (IL-1β e IL-6) por fibroblastos de camundongos estimulados por estes cimentos. Para avaliação da capacidade de mineralização foram utilizados 32 ratos, os quais receberam individualmente dois implantes de tubos de dentina contendo os cimentos ou tubos vazios que serviram de controle. Os períodos de avaliação foram 7 e 30 dias. Após cada período experimental, quatro animais foram sacrificados e os tubos de dentina juntamente com o tecido que o circunda foram removidos, fixados e processados para análise em microscopia óptica. As peças foram incluídas em uma mistura de parafina e cera de carnaúba (5%). As secções foram feitas seriadamente com 10mm de espessura e foram coradas de acordo com a técnica Von Kossa ou permaneceram sem coloração para serem visualizadas sob luz polarizada em microscópio óptico. Os critérios de avaliação foram: cápsula fibrosa fina quando < 150μm e espessa quando > 150μm. Necrose e calcificação foram registradas como presente ou ausente. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste Qui-quadrado. A formação de tecido mineralizado e granulações birrefringentes à luz polarizada foram observadas em todos os materiais nos tempos de 7 e 30 dias. Para o teste de citotoxicidade foram utilizados fibroblastos de camundongos (L929) que foram incubados em placas... / The quality improvement of the endodontic materials is a need that has been stimulating the study of several materials aiming better work conditions, biocompatibility and mineralized tissue stimulation ability. The present work aimed to evaluate the mineralization ability of MTA, Sealapex and Sealapex plus (combination between MTA and Sealapex) using the implant of dentin tubes filled with the materials into the subcutaneous tissue of rats, the cytotoxicity, and cytokines production (IL-1β and IL-6) by fibroblasts stimulated by the materials. Thirty two rats were used for the tissue reaction test which received two implants of dentine tubes filled with the materials or empty tubes were used as control. The periods of evaluation were 7 and 30 days. After each period of evaluation, four animals were killed and the tubes and the surrounding tissue were removed, fixed and processed to be evaluated in optic microscope. The specimens were embedded in a mixture of paraffin and carnauba wax (5%). The sections were serially cut with 10mm and stained with Von Kossa or remained without staining to be evaluated under polarized light. The evaluation criteria were: fibrous capsule thin < 150 μm and thick > 150 μm. Necrosis and calcification were recorded as present or absent. The results were statistically analyzed using Qui-square test. Mineralization and birrefringent granulations to polarized light were observed with all materials and in both periods of observation. For the cytotoxicity test, fibroblasts from mice (L929) were incubated in 24 well plates and stimulated with polyethylene tubes filled with the materials. Cells cultured without the materials stimulation were used as control. After 24 hours of stimulation, the cytotoxicity was evaluated using the reduction colorimetric test (MTT). The results were analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni’s correction... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)