Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:39:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 400431 bytes, checksum: 5caa731a3c57ced8010e52bb30011600 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-03 / The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of homeopathic preparations and crop environments through production and yield of flavonoid and saponin on carqueja plants. The experiment was carried out at the Department of Fitotecnia-UFV, from March/2010 to December/2010. It was a factorial (6X2) on completely randomized design with 5 homeopathic treatments: Silicea CH6, CH12, CH30, D7 and Equisetum D7 + control (70% ethanol) x 2 crop nvironments: greenhouse and shade 50% and 4 replicates, totaling 48 experimental units. The carqueja plants were produced by vegetative form from the same female genotype collected in Viçosa/MG. Cuttings of about 10 cm were placed in plastic tubets for rooting in greenhouse for 2 months. After rooting, they were transplanted into 1,5 L plastic bags with 3 parts of soil and 1 part of cow manure substrate and were put on differet crop environments to receive the homeopathic treatments. The treatment were applied at concentration of 25 drops/500 mL of distilled water using hand apryers. Each plant received approximately 10 mL via leaves. The preparations were sprayed always on mornings, three times a week on alternate days during two months (27/09/2010 to 27/11/2010). The interation between the factors as well as the independents factors were compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability. The effect of homeopathic preparations and the two crop environments on carqueja plants were evaluated through the variables: height (HRE), length of the longest branch (LLB), secondary shoots (SEC), fresh matter of aerial part (FMAP), dry matter of aerial part (DMAP), moisture content (MC), flavonoids content (QCT) and saponins content (SAP) in aerial part. The variables HRE, LLB and SEC were only affected by the crop environment factor. The variables FMAP, MC and QCT were significantly influenced by the crop environments, the preparations and interaction beteween the two factors. The DMAP was only influenced by the interation of the two factors and the SAP was only affected significantly by homeopathic preparations. The 50% shade environment associated with Silicea CH6 or D7 increased production and yield of quercetin. The highest yield of saponins was achieved with Silicea D7, independent of crop environments. The preparation Silicea CH30 was able to balance the moisture content in carqueja plants, according on crop environments. / O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de preparados homeopáticos e ambiente de cultivo na produção e rendimento de flavonoide e saponina por plantas de carqueja. O experimento foi conduzido no Departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, no período de março/2010 à dezembro/2010. Foi adotado o esquema fatorial 6 x 2 no Delineamento Inteiramente Casualisado, sendo 5 tratamentos homeopáticos: Silicea CH6, CH12, CH30, D7 e Equisetum D7 + controle (etanol 70%) x 2 ambientes de cultivo: estufa e sombrite com 50% de redução de luminosidade, com 4 repetições, totalizando 48 unidades experimentais. As mudas foram produzidas pelo processo de enraizamento de estacas, sendo provenientes de uma planta matriz feminina coletada no município de Viçosa/MG. Alas caulinares com 10 cm foram colocadas em tubetes plásticos para enraizamento em casa de vegetação por dois meses. Após o enraizamento, as estacas foram transplantadas para sacolas plásticas contendo 1,5 litros de substrato formado pela mistura de terra de subsolo e esterco de gado curtido na proporção de 3:1 (v/v) e foram colocadas nos diferentes ambientes de cultivo para receber os tratamentos homeopáticos. Os tratamentos homeopáticos foram aplicados na concentração de 25 gotas/500 mL de água destilada usando borrifadores manuais. Cada planta recebeu aproximadamente 10 mL da solução por aplicação via foliar. As aplicações foram realizadas sempre pela manha, três vezes por semana, em dias alternados, durante dois meses (27/07/2010 a 27/09/2010). A interação entre os fatores, assim como os fatores independentes foram comparados pelo teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. O efeito dos preparados homeopáticos e dos dois ambientes de cultivo em plantas de carqueja foram avaliados pelas variáveis: altura (HRE), comprimento do maior ramo (CMR), número de ramos secundários (NRS), massa da parte aérea fresca (MPAF), massa da parte aérea seca (MPAS), teor de umidade (TU), teor de flavonoide em quercetina (QCT) e teor de saponina (SAP) na parte aérea das plantas. As variáveis HRE, CMR e NRS foram influenciadas apenas pelo fator ambiente. As variáveis MPAF, TU e QCT foram influenciadas pelos ambientes de cultivo, pelos preparados homeopáticos e pela interação entre os dois fatores. A variável MPAS foi influenciada apenas pela interação dos fatores e o teor de saponina apenas pelos preparados homeopáticos. Plantas cultivadas em ambiente com 50% de sombreamento associadas a aplicação dos preparados homeopáticos Silicea CH6 e D7, apresentaram maior produção e rendimento de quercetina. O maior rendimento de saponinas foi alcançado com a Silicea D7, independente dos ambientes de cultivo. O preparado Silicea CH30 foi capaz de equilibrar o teor de umidade da parte aérea das plantas de carqueja de acordo com os ambientes de cultivo.

Orientador: Francisco Luiz Araújo Câmara / Banca: Roberto Lyra Villas Bôas / Banca: Fedra Gidget Obeso Quijano Krüger / Resumo: Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da adubação na produção, qualidade, e conservação pós-colheita de mandioquinha-salsa, foi instalado um experimento na Associação Brasileira de Agricultura Biodinâmica, em Botucatu - SP. Os tratamentos constaram de Testemunha (sem adubação), adubação Mineral (com NPK), adubação Orgânica (composto orgânico) e quatro tratamentos com adubação biodinâmica; Biod. 1 (composto biodinâmico com preparados 502 ao 507), Biod. 2 (preparados Fladen, 500 e 501), Biod. 3 (composto biodinâmico com preparados 502 ao 507 e preparados 500 e 501) e Biod. 4 (preparados 500 e 501). As adubações mineral, orgânica e biodinâmica não diferiram entre si quanto as características: massa fresca de raízes, massa fresca de cepas, massa fresca de folhas; teores de nitrogênio, magnésio, cálcio, ferro, boro, manganês, amido, açúcares totais e açúcares redutores nas raízes, na colheita; teores de nitrogênio, magnésio, boro, manganês e fibras nas raízes após o armazenamento; perda de massa e perecibilidade pós-colheita das raízes após 120 dias de armazenamento em câmara fria; pH, fósforo, H+Al, cálcio, Soma de Bases, CTC, V%, cobre, ferro, manganês e zinco no solo após a colheita. Os tratamentos Orgânico+Biod.1 quando comparados ao tratamento Mineral, foram superiores quanto à expressão das características: massa fresca de cepas, massa fresca de folhas; teores de potássio e cinzas nas raízes na colheita; teores de potássio, cálcio, magnésio, amido e cinzas nas raízes após o armazenamento; teor de matéria orgânica, potássio, magnésio e boro no solo após a colheita do experimento; e inferiores quanto à expressão das características: teor de enxofre nas raízes antes e após o armazenamento e teor de açúcares solúveis totais após o armazenamento...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of mineral, organic and biodynamic fertilization on yield, quality and postharvest conservation of Arracacia xanthorrhiza roots. The experiment was carried out at the Brazilian Biodynamic Agriculture Association, in Botucatu, São-Paulo State, Brasil. The treatments consisted in Control (no fertilization), Mineral fertilization (NPK fertilization), Organic fertilization (organic compost) and four treatments with biodynamic fertilization; Biod.1 (biodynamic compost with preparations 502 to 507), Biod.2 (preparations Fladen, 500 and 501), Biod.3 (biodynamic compost with preparations 502 to 507, preparations 500 and 501) and Biodynamic 4 (preparations 500 and 501). Mineral, Organic and Biodynamic fertilizations showed no differences in fresh matter roots, fresh matter rootstock, crown fresh matter, nitrogen, magnesium, calcium, iron, boron, manganese, starch, total soluble sugars and reducing sugars in roots contents at harvest; nitrogen, magnesium, boron, manganese and fibers contents in roots after postharvest conservation; weight lost and perishability after 120 days at storage in refrigerated chamber (5 C); pH, phosphorus, H+Al, calcium, total cation, cation exchange capacity, V%, copper , iron, manganese and zinc contents in soil after the experiment. Organic + Biodynamic 1 treatments as compared to Mineral treatment resulted in highest rootstock fresh matter, crown fresh matter, potassium, and ashes contents in roots at harvest; potassium, calcium, magnesium, starch and ashes in roots after postharvest conservation; organic matter, potassium, magnesium and boron contents in soil after the experiment; and lower sulfur content in roots at harvest and postharvest conservation, and total soluble sugars after postharvest conservation. At harvest, phosphorus content in roots was higher in Organic and Biodynamic 1 treatments, potassium...(Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Le terme « agriculture urbaine » renvoie à une diversité de « pratiques agricoles individuelles ou collectives qui se déroulent au sein même de la ville » (Mundler et coll., 2014). Bien que le sujet ait déjà généré beaucoup d’intérêt académique, ce mémoire vise à offrir une perspective novatrice, centrée sur les changements ontologiques qui se produisent chez les jardiniers tels que rapportés dans leurs témoignages alors qu’ils s’engagent pratiquement et affectivement avec les plantes qu’ils et elles cultivent. De cet engagement résulte la participation des jardiniers.ères à un réseau de relations multiespèces impliquant tous les insectes, animaux, champignons et microbes qui interagissent avec leurs plantes. Je décris ainsi comment les jardiniers.ères en viennent à développer des liens avec toutes ces espèces fourmillantes et à s’engager pour qu’elles prospèrent. Finalement, cet engagement les fait réévaluer comment ils désirent prendre une place comme humains dans ce collectif multiespèces et ils et elles en viennent à repenser le social sur le modèle permaculturel inspiré du jardin pour imaginer une « permaculture humaine », une nouvelle manière d’envisager le lien social et l’existence humaine et urbaine. / The term “urban agriculture” refers to a diversity of “individual and collective agricultural practices taking place within a city” (Mundler et al., 2014, free translation). This subject has been the interest of much discourse in the academic as well as the public sphere, as we hear more and more about a “greening of cities” that is coming about with increasing temperatures, drought, fresh food scarcity and loss of biodiversity in and around cities. This dissertation aims to offer a novel perspective on the subject of urban gardening, inspired by literature around ontologies and multispecies sociability. In my interviews of different urban gardeners involved in the production of food in cities around the province of Quebec, I highlight how these gardeners’ perspectives—and, more fundamentally, their world vision—become transformed as they entangle themselves in the network of multispecies living taking place in and around the garden. As their understanding of other species in the garden are transformed, so are their perspective of themselves as humans and their knowing of their place in the garden-and more generally, on our planet. Their practice of care, attention and responsibility for their other-than-human counterparts in the garden also allows them to rethink the politics of their occupation of urban space and food production more generally, as they propose we move towards a “human permaculture”.