Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-12-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:42:54Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pedroso_ec_dr_jabo.pdf: 304491 bytes, checksum: bfd448beba5d92c9c2eaf24d085e6a78 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Orius insidiosus é uma espécie generalista, o que o torna apto à exploração do ecossistema. A traça-das-crucíferas, Plutella xylostella, é considerada a principal praga das brassicáceas podendo ocasionar destruição total. Este estudo visou obter informações sobre O. insidiosus para subsidiar o desenvolvimento de programas de controle biológico de P. xylostella em diferentes variedades de brassicáceas. Foram considerados os seguintes objetivos específicos: a) avaliar o desenvolvimento de O. insidiosus; b) confeccionar a tabela de vida de O. insidiosus alimentado com larvas de segundo ínstar de P. xylostella criadas em diferentes variedades de brassicáceas; c) obter a resposta funcional de O. insidiosus. As criações dos insetos (O. insidiosus e P. xylostella) e os experimentos foram desenvolvidos no Laboratório de Biologia e Criação de Insetos (LBCI) da FCAV/UNESP campus de Jaboticabal, sob temperatura de 25±1ºC, umidade relativa de 70±10% e fotofase de 12 horas. Foram mantidas criações de P. xylostella nas seguintes variedades: Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala (couve), var. itálica (brócolis), var. capitata (repolho) e var. botrytis (couve-flor). Oitenta ninfas de primeiro ínstar foram individualizadas em placas de Petri para o acompanhamento da fase ninfal. Os adultos foram separados por sexo, acasalados e mantidos em placas de Petri para a verificação das características reprodutivas e longevidade. Para os estudos de resposta funcional fêmeas foram deixadas sem alimentação por 12h e individualizadas em placas de Petri com larvas nas densidades de 2, 4, 8, 16 e 32 por placa, para cada variedade. A duração média da fase ninfal foi de 11,4; 13,9; 13,0 e 14,1 dias para brócolis, couve, couve-flor e repolho, respectivamente. A longevidade de O. insidiosus não diferiu entre as variedades. O período de pré-oviposição... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaix / Orius insidiosus is a generalist specie, which makes it suitable to explore the ecosystem. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is a major pest of Brassicaceae and can cause total destruction to the culture. This study aimed at obtaining information about O. insidiosus for use to develop biological control programs of P. xylostella in different varieties of Brassicaceae. We considered the following specific objectives: a) evaluate the development of O. insidiosus; b) to prepare a life table O. insidiosus fed on second instar larvae of P. xylostella reared on different cultivars of Brassicaceae; c) obtain the functional response of O. insidiosus. The rearing of insects (O. insidiosus e P. xylostella) and the experiments were developed in the Laboratory of Insect Biology and Rearing (LBCI), FCAV / UNESP Jaboticabal, under temperature 25 ± 1 ° C, relative humidity of 70 ± 10% and photophase of 12 hours. It was maintained rearing of P. xylostella in the varieties B. oleracea var. acephala (kale), var. italic (broccoli), var. capitata (cabbage) and var. botrytis (cauliflower). Eighty nymphs of first instar were individually placed in Petri dishes to the accompaniment of the nymphal stage. The adults were sexed, mated and kept in Petri dishes for the verification of reproductive traits and longevity. To study the functional response of females were left without feed for 12 hours and individualized in Petri dishes with caterpillars in the densities of 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 per plate for each variety. The production of females (R0), generation time (T), intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and longevity of females were similar. O. insidiosus is able to grow and reproduce preying larvae of the diamondback moth in different cultivars of Brassicaceae. The average of the nymphal stage were 11.4, 13.9, 13.0 and 14.1 days for broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower and kale... (Complete abstract click electronic access belo

Orientador: Sérgio Antonio de Bortoli / Banca: Geraldo Andrade de Carvalho / Banca: César Freire Carvalho / Banca: Antonio Carlos Busoli / Banca: Francisco Jorge Cividanes / Resumo: Orius insidiosus é uma espécie generalista, o que o torna apto à exploração do ecossistema. A traça-das-crucíferas, Plutella xylostella, é considerada a principal praga das brassicáceas podendo ocasionar destruição total. Este estudo visou obter informações sobre O. insidiosus para subsidiar o desenvolvimento de programas de controle biológico de P. xylostella em diferentes variedades de brassicáceas. Foram considerados os seguintes objetivos específicos: a) avaliar o desenvolvimento de O. insidiosus; b) confeccionar a tabela de vida de O. insidiosus alimentado com larvas de segundo ínstar de P. xylostella criadas em diferentes variedades de brassicáceas; c) obter a resposta funcional de O. insidiosus. As criações dos insetos (O. insidiosus e P. xylostella) e os experimentos foram desenvolvidos no Laboratório de Biologia e Criação de Insetos (LBCI) da FCAV/UNESP campus de Jaboticabal, sob temperatura de 25±1ºC, umidade relativa de 70±10% e fotofase de 12 horas. Foram mantidas criações de P. xylostella nas seguintes variedades: Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala (couve), var. itálica (brócolis), var. capitata (repolho) e var. botrytis (couve-flor). Oitenta ninfas de primeiro ínstar foram individualizadas em placas de Petri para o acompanhamento da fase ninfal. Os adultos foram separados por sexo, acasalados e mantidos em placas de Petri para a verificação das características reprodutivas e longevidade. Para os estudos de resposta funcional fêmeas foram deixadas sem alimentação por 12h e individualizadas em placas de Petri com larvas nas densidades de 2, 4, 8, 16 e 32 por placa, para cada variedade. A duração média da fase ninfal foi de 11,4; 13,9; 13,0 e 14,1 dias para brócolis, couve, couve-flor e repolho, respectivamente. A longevidade de O. insidiosus não diferiu entre as variedades. O período de pré-oviposição... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaix / Abstract: Orius insidiosus is a generalist specie, which makes it suitable to explore the ecosystem. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is a major pest of Brassicaceae and can cause total destruction to the culture. This study aimed at obtaining information about O. insidiosus for use to develop biological control programs of P. xylostella in different varieties of Brassicaceae. We considered the following specific objectives: a) evaluate the development of O. insidiosus; b) to prepare a life table O. insidiosus fed on second instar larvae of P. xylostella reared on different cultivars of Brassicaceae; c) obtain the functional response of O. insidiosus. The rearing of insects (O. insidiosus e P. xylostella) and the experiments were developed in the Laboratory of Insect Biology and Rearing (LBCI), FCAV / UNESP Jaboticabal, under temperature 25 ± 1 ° C, relative humidity of 70 ± 10% and photophase of 12 hours. It was maintained rearing of P. xylostella in the varieties B. oleracea var. acephala (kale), var. italic (broccoli), var. capitata (cabbage) and var. botrytis (cauliflower). Eighty nymphs of first instar were individually placed in Petri dishes to the accompaniment of the nymphal stage. The adults were sexed, mated and kept in Petri dishes for the verification of reproductive traits and longevity. To study the functional response of females were left without feed for 12 hours and individualized in Petri dishes with caterpillars in the densities of 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 per plate for each variety. The production of females (R0), generation time (T), intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and longevity of females were similar. O. insidiosus is able to grow and reproduce preying larvae of the diamondback moth in different cultivars of Brassicaceae. The average of the nymphal stage were 11.4, 13.9, 13.0 and 14.1 days for broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower and kale... (Complete abstract click electronic access belo / Doutor

Parmi les méthodologies d’appréciation du danger ayant connu une forte croissance ces dernières décennies figurent le Control Banding (CB). Selon une estimée du NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health), cette approche qualitative a été développé dans l’industrie pharmaceutique dans un but concret de protéger près de 90% de travailleurs n’ayant pas accès à des services de santé, de sécurité et d’hygiène au travail. Actuellement, cette approche peut être adaptée aux spécificités des nanomatériaux (NMs) pour lesquelles peu de connaissances scientifiques sont disponibles sur les risques potentiels pour la santé et pour la sécurité des travailleurs. Au cours des dernières années, différentes études ont porté sur l’application de l’approche CB et plusieurs pays ont développé leur propre méthode adaptée aux NMs. Par contre, tous les modèles développés sont basés sur des critères qualitatifs du danger et de l’exposition. Une approche semi-quantitative permettrait de mieux gérer les dangers liés à la manipulation des NMs. L’objectif de ce mémoire était de développer une approche semi-quantitative d’évaluation des dangers sur la base d’une approche de CB. Pour ce faire, une analyse systématique de la littérature scientifique des 20 dernières années sur l’approche de CB a été effectué. Les bases de données Toxline, Pubmed et Google Scholar ont été consultées, couvrant la période de janvier 1996 à novembre 2016, en utilisant 4 mots-clés: control banding, nanomaterials, physicochemical, biological characteristics. Cette recherche a permis d’identifier 982 articles, dont 11% (91) furent retenus en première intention pour au final en garder 6 % (51/982). Il ressort de cette revue que le CB est une approche complémentaire aux méthodes d’évaluation quantitative et que les outils CB développés pour les NMs sont tous de nature qualitative, en réponse à une exposition. Une approche semi-quantitative où il y a maillage entre la caractérisation biologique avec les tests in vitro et la caractérisation physicochimique par des analyses chimiques pour mieux caractériser le niveau de dangérosité des NMs tel que présenté dans le présent mémoire permettrait une utilisation plus judicieuse du CB. Cette approche novatrice du CB dépasse largement l’utilisation que l’on en fait actuellement en hygiène du travail, devrait accroître la confiance dans le jugement des experts en santé au travail, afin d’orienter les travailleurs et la population générale vers une utilisation sécuritaire des NMs. / Among the hazards assessment methodology that has grown exponentially during the last decade, mention Control Banding (CB). According to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), this qualitative approach originally developed in the pharmaceutical industry, aims to protect approximately 90% or 2.7 billion workers that do not have access to occupational safety, health, and hygiene. Currently, this approach can be adapted to the specificities of nanomaterials (NMs), considering the significant lack of scientific knowledge about their potential health and safety risks to workers. In recent years, several CB models have been developed, and many countries have created their own nano-specific CB instruments. However, a semi-quantitative approach would better managing the hazards of handling nanomaterials in the workplace. This thesis aimed to perform a systematic literature review over the past 20 years about the CB approach and then to suggest a semi-quantitative hazard assessment. The official Web pages of the databases Toxline, Pubmed and Google Scholar were used, covering the literature from January 1996 to November 2016, with use of the 4 keywords to locate relevant articles: Control Banding, nanomaterials, physico-chemical, biological characteristics. These searches yielded a total of 982 articles, 11% (91) were retained to eventually retain 6% (51/982). This review shows that the CB approach is an interesting and complementary methodology to quantitative evaluation methods and the CB tools developed for NMs are all qualitative in nature, in response to an exposure and adapted to different work environments. It is possible to make better use by proposing a semi-quantitative approach based on physicochemical and toxicity parameters of NMs to better characterize their degree of dangerousness. We propose here an original methodology proposing the interaction of in vitro tests and chemical analyzes. This innovative Control Banding approach should increase confidence in the judgment of experts and industry, as well as to guide both exposed workers and the uses of NMs in this industry.

Surface water pollution is prevalent in numerous areas of central Roodepoort mainly due to gold mining activities. The surface water quality for the Bosmontspruit, Russell’s Stream and the New Canada Dam was assessed from October 2010 to March 2011. Physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the water were determined for 8 monitoring points and the results obtained were compared with the In-stream water quality guidelines for the Klip River catchment and the South African Water Quality Guidelines. A trend noticed throughout the sampling period was the non-compliance in the levels of total dissolved solids (TDS) and dissolved oxygen. The results indicated that concentrations of iron, aluminium, nickel, manganese and potassium were above the limit across the Bosmontspruit and Russell’s stream. There was also significant evidence of excessive faecal coliform and ammonium pollution in the Bosmontspruit. During the monitoring period it was noted that water from these streams were utilised for crop irrigation, bathing, livestock and human consumption and may pose a health hazard due to poor water quality. / Environmental Sciences / M.Sc. (Environmental Science)

Surface water pollution is prevalent in numerous areas of central Roodepoort mainly due to gold mining activities. The surface water quality for the Bosmontspruit, Russell’s Stream and the New Canada Dam was assessed from October 2010 to March 2011. Physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the water were determined for 8 monitoring points and the results obtained were compared with the In-stream water quality guidelines for the Klip River catchment and the South African Water Quality Guidelines. A trend noticed throughout the sampling period was the non-compliance in the levels of total dissolved solids (TDS) and dissolved oxygen. The results indicated that concentrations of iron, aluminium, nickel, manganese and potassium were above the limit across the Bosmontspruit and Russell’s stream. There was also significant evidence of excessive faecal coliform and ammonium pollution in the Bosmontspruit. During the monitoring period it was noted that water from these streams were utilised for crop irrigation, bathing, livestock and human consumption and may pose a health hazard due to poor water quality. / Environmental Sciences / M.Sc. (Environmental Science)