Freie Univ., Diss.--Berlin, 1997.

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No description available.

This article studies the impact of some environmental conditions and the nutrition of culturing medium on the growth of bacteria and theirs capacity of toluene removal. The 5 bacterial strains isolated from leaf samples of three different common houseplants in Vietnam are Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria. The cells are single or arranged in chains. The cell size is relatively small and ranged from 0.7 to 2.5μm. These bacteria prefer the incubating temperature from 28°C to 32°C and a neutral pH 6.5 to 7.5. They are able to assimilate different nitrogen and carbon sources. In the liquid SH1 medium containing 200ppm toluene five selected strains have shown the ability to degrade toluene at a rate of 12.8 to 75.2% in comparison with the control at 30°C at a speed of 200rpm for over 120 hours. These 5 studied strains are potentially useful in bioremediation strategies to remove airborne toluene. / 5 chủng vi khuẩn có khả năng phân giải toluene được phân lập từ lá một số cây cảnh phổ biến ở Việt Nam là vi khuẩn G (-), dạng trực khuẩn và kích thước tế bào từ 0,7 – 2,5μm. Một số điều kiện môi trường nuôi cấy thích hợp cho 5 chủng vi khuẩn nghiên cứ gồm nhiệt độ 28°C-32°C, pH 6,5- 7,5, có khả năng đồng hoá nhiều nguồn nitơ và ba nguồn carbon khác nhau. Trong điều kiện môi trường dịch SH1 chứa 200ppm toluene, 5 chủng vi khuẩn này cho thấy khả năng phân giải toluene từ 12,8 – 75,2%. Đây là các chủng vi khuẩn có tiềm năng ứng dụng để loại bỏ toluene từ không khí ô nhiễm.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaSMM_DISSERT.pdf: 2097672 bytes, checksum: a8d12b585bf2f2d8634db421fbda96fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-14 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Embora a Transi??o Menopausal e a menopausa sejam eventos biol?gicos normais, podem ser acompanhadas de agravos que aumentam o risco de morbidade e mortalidade com destaque para os sintomas agudos da S?ndrome Climat?rica(SC). O tratamento visa o controle destes sintomas para evitar as consequ?ncias tardias da defici?ncia estrog?nica, sempre considerando a seguran?a e a tolerabilidade ao f?rmaco empregado e os fatores de risco para complica??es futuras. Objetivo: Avaliar a efic?cia, o perfil de seguran?a e tolerabilidade do uso da tibolona na transi??o menopausal. Material e m?todos: Estudo randomizado, duplo-cego, controlado com placebo, envolvendo 65 mulheres saud?veis com idade m?dia de 48,5(?3.5) anos. Crit?rios de Inclus?o: a) idade entre 40 e 55 anos; b) ?tero sem anormalidades avaliado por ultrassonografia transvaginal e com espessura endometrial&#8804;10 mm; c) irregularidade menstrual nos ?ltimos 6 meses e amenorreia inferior a 12 meses; d) n?veis s?ricos de Horm?nio Fol?culo Estimulante(FSH)>30mIU/ml; e) SC avaliada pelo ?ndice Menopausal de Blatt e Kupperman (IMK) com escore de pontos>14; f) ?ndice de Massa Corporal<30Kg/m2; g) mamografia com BI-RADS igual a 1 e 2; e ) valores de bioqu?mica sangu?nea, p?s jejum de 12 horas, dentro dos limites de normalidade. Crit?rios de exclus?o: a) fumo; b) uso nos 90 dias que antecederam a entrada no estudo de qualquer medica??o hormonal, psicotr?pica ou que interfiram com metabolismo glic?dico e lip?dico; c) qualquer doen?a neopl?sica anterior ou atual; d) hipertens?o arterial(press?o sist?lica&#8805;160 mmHg e diast?lica&#8805;105 mmHg); e) doen?as hep?ticas e renais; f)desordens cerebrovasculares, tireoideanas, cardiovasculares e 1-xiv tromboemb?licas; g) doen?as mentais; e h) diabetes mellitus. Trinta participantes foram escolhidas pelo m?todo rand?mico para o Grupo Tibolona (GT) que recebeu 2,5 mg/dia de tibolona por via oral durante 12 semanas cont?nuas; as demais 35 foram inclu?das no Grupo Placebo (GP) que recebeu 1 c?psula/lactose/dia, por igual per?odo. Medidas utilizadas: A efic?cia da tibolona foi avaliada pelo IMK e a Escala Climat?rica de Greene (GSC). Na avalia??o da seguran?a e tolerabilidade utilizou-se par?metros bioqu?micos (perfil lip?dico, glicemia e fun??o hep?tica), medida da espessura endometrial, o registro di?rio de queixas relacionadas com o tratamento e a evolu??o de medidas antropom?tricas {?ndice de Massa Corporal(IMC), Circunfer?ncia da Cintura(CC) e Raz?o cintura/quadril(RCQ)}.Resultados: Cinquenta e sete participantes (87,7%) conclu?ram o estudo. Ao final de 12 semanas, ao se comparar os dois grupos, em rela??o aos valores basais, observa-se: no GT uma diminui??o significativa nos sintomas climat?ricos: IMK (35,5 + 6,7 vs. 11,3 + 6,5) e GSC (31,9?4.6 vs. 19,8 + 10,5) p<0,001; melhora do perfil lip?dico com redu??o do Triglicer?deos (152,2 + 53,0 vs. 105,2 + 26,8)p<0,001, colesterol total (220,7 + 38,5 vs. 193,3 + 37,9) p=0,001 e LDL colesterol (144,7 + 36,9 vs. 129,0 + 43,6)p=0,03; redu??o em 25,7% na rela??o Triglicerideos/HDL-c, fator preditor de resist?ncia insul?nica e de risco para doen?a arterial coronariana. No mesmo grupo, observou-se redu??o de 21% na espessura endometrial em rela??o ao valor basal (8.1 ? 2.6 vs 6.4 ? 1.9; p<0,05), compat?vel com atrofia; n?o houve altera??es nos marcadores hep?ticos e nem relatos de efeitos colaterais que levassem a interrup??o do tratamento. Conclus?es: A tibolona mostrou-se eficaz para reduzir a sintomatologia climat?rica de mulheres na transi??o menopausal, com boa tolerabilidade e melhora no perfil lip?dico. A 1-xv atrofia endometrial sugere prov?vel seguran?a para o seu uso como agente terap?utico da transi??o menopausal.

This article studies the impact of some environmental conditions and the nutrition of culturing medium on the growth of bacteria and theirs capacity of toluene removal. The 5 bacterial strains isolated from leaf samples of three different common houseplants in Vietnam are Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria. The cells are single or arranged in chains. The cell size is relatively small and ranged from 0.7 to 2.5μm. These bacteria prefer the incubating temperature from 28°C to 32°C and a neutral pH 6.5 to 7.5. They are able to assimilate different nitrogen and carbon sources. In the liquid SH1 medium containing 200ppm toluene five selected strains have shown the ability to degrade toluene at a rate of 12.8 to 75.2% in comparison with the control at 30°C at a speed of 200rpm for over 120 hours. These 5 studied strains are potentially useful in bioremediation strategies to remove airborne toluene. / 5 chủng vi khuẩn có khả năng phân giải toluene được phân lập từ lá một số cây cảnh phổ biến ở Việt Nam là vi khuẩn G (-), dạng trực khuẩn và kích thước tế bào từ 0,7 – 2,5μm. Một số điều kiện môi trường nuôi cấy thích hợp cho 5 chủng vi khuẩn nghiên cứ gồm nhiệt độ 28°C-32°C, pH 6,5- 7,5, có khả năng đồng hoá nhiều nguồn nitơ và ba nguồn carbon khác nhau. Trong điều kiện môi trường dịch SH1 chứa 200ppm toluene, 5 chủng vi khuẩn này cho thấy khả năng phân giải toluene từ 12,8 – 75,2%. Đây là các chủng vi khuẩn có tiềm năng ứng dụng để loại bỏ toluene từ không khí ô nhiễm.

Cacti (Cactaceae) represent a family of highly specialized angiosperm plants with a native range of distribution restricted to the American continents. Columnar cacti of the sub-family Cactoideae evolved in adaptation to their arid or semi-arid habitats characteristics that distinguish them from most other dicot plants, e.g. the stem succulence with a strongly vascularized storage parenchyma and the presence of the spine wearing areoles. Although cacti have been in cultivation since the discovery of America, some studies even suggest the agricultural use in pre-colombian times, and many scientific investigations were carried out on the functional morphology and anatomy with regard to biomechanical adaptations of the found structures, no research focused on the branch-stem attachment. The most conspicuous features of such a ramification are the pronounced constrictions at the branch-stem junctions that are also present in the lignified vascular structures within the succulent cortex. Based on Finite Element Analyses of ramification models it could be demonstrated that these indentations in the region of high flexural and torsional stresses are not regions of structural weakness, e.g. allowing vegetative propagation. On the contrary, they can be regarded as anatomical adaptations to increase the stability by fine-tuning the stress state and stress directions in the junction along prevalent fiber directions. The development of the woody support structure within the succulent cortex of the parental shoot can be traced back to the leaf and bud traces of the dormant axillary buds. Surprisingly, these initials also develop into another woody structure supporting the flowers of the cacti. As these two support structures differ significantly in their macroscopic and microscopic anatomy and as they develop from the same initial state as leaf/bud traces, another objective of this work was to analyze the secondary growth of the two structures with traditional botanic investigation methods. The results of these investigations reveal a wood dimorphism consisting of an early parenchymatous phase followed later by fibrous wood in both kind of support structure. In vegetative branches, the woody support structures have the typical ringlike arrangement as found in the stele of the parental shoot, whereas the flower support structures have a reticular arrangement of interconnected woody strands. This fundamentally different anatomy of the support structures results from the formation of an interfascicular cambium between the leaf/bud traces when a vegetative branch forms or its absence in the case of a flower. After shedding light on the functional morphology and anatomy of the cactus ramification and their development the question arises if the found load adaptation strategies may serve to improve technical fiber composite structures analogue to the design recommendation developed from the biomechanical analyses of tree ramifications. Such a biomimetic transfer from the cactus ramification as biological role model to a technical implementation and the adaptation of the fine-tuned geometric shape and arrangement of lignified strengthening tissues might contribute to the development of alternative concepts for branched fiber-reinforced composite structures within a limited design space.

The synthesis of crystalline two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with fully unsaturated carbon–carbon backbones via a solution approach remains a great challenge. In this work, we report the first example of an olefin-linked 2D conjugated COF using a Knoevenagel polycondensation reaction of 1,4-phenylene diacetonitrile and three armed aromatic aldehyde. The resulting 2D poly(phenelyenevinylene) framework (2DPPV) possesses a sheet morphology, and a crystalline layered structure featuring a fully sp2-bonded carbon skeleton with pendant cyanide groups. Its unique alternating structure with a serrated configuration has been essentially evaluated using HR-TEM TEM analysis, nitrogen physisorption measurements, PXRD studies and theoretical simulations. Upon thermal and activation treatments, the as-prepared 2DPPV can be facilely converted into porous carbon nanosheets with large specific surface areas of up to 880 m2 g−1 which exhibit an excellent electrochemical performance as supercapacitor electrodes and electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. This represents an economic non-template approach to 2D porous carbon materials for energy-related applications.

The synthesis of crystalline two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with fully unsaturated carbon–carbon backbones via a solution approach remains a great challenge. In this work, we report the first example of an olefin-linked 2D conjugated COF using a Knoevenagel polycondensation reaction of 1,4-phenylene diacetonitrile and three armed aromatic aldehyde. The resulting 2D poly(phenelyenevinylene) framework (2DPPV) possesses a sheet morphology, and a crystalline layered structure featuring a fully sp2-bonded carbon skeleton with pendant cyanide groups. Its unique alternating structure with a serrated configuration has been essentially evaluated using HR-TEM TEM analysis, nitrogen physisorption measurements, PXRD studies and theoretical simulations. Upon thermal and activation treatments, the as-prepared 2DPPV can be facilely converted into porous carbon nanosheets with large specific surface areas of up to 880 m2 g−1 which exhibit an excellent electrochemical performance as supercapacitor electrodes and electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. This represents an economic non-template approach to 2D porous carbon materials for energy-related applications.

Cacti (Cactaceae) represent a family of highly specialized angiosperm plants with a native range of distribution restricted to the American continents. Columnar cacti of the sub-family Cactoideae evolved in adaptation to their arid or semi-arid habitats characteristics that distinguish them from most other dicot plants, e.g. the stem succulence with a strongly vascularized storage parenchyma and the presence of the spine wearing areoles. Although cacti have been in cultivation since the discovery of America, some studies even suggest the agricultural use in pre-colombian times, and many scientific investigations were carried out on the functional morphology and anatomy with regard to biomechanical adaptations of the found structures, no research focused on the branch-stem attachment. The most conspicuous features of such a ramification are the pronounced constrictions at the branch-stem junctions that are also present in the lignified vascular structures within the succulent cortex. Based on Finite Element Analyses of ramification models it could be demonstrated that these indentations in the region of high flexural and torsional stresses are not regions of structural weakness, e.g. allowing vegetative propagation. On the contrary, they can be regarded as anatomical adaptations to increase the stability by fine-tuning the stress state and stress directions in the junction along prevalent fiber directions. The development of the woody support structure within the succulent cortex of the parental shoot can be traced back to the leaf and bud traces of the dormant axillary buds. Surprisingly, these initials also develop into another woody structure supporting the flowers of the cacti. As these two support structures differ significantly in their macroscopic and microscopic anatomy and as they develop from the same initial state as leaf/bud traces, another objective of this work was to analyze the secondary growth of the two structures with traditional botanic investigation methods. The results of these investigations reveal a wood dimorphism consisting of an early parenchymatous phase followed later by fibrous wood in both kind of support structure. In vegetative branches, the woody support structures have the typical ringlike arrangement as found in the stele of the parental shoot, whereas the flower support structures have a reticular arrangement of interconnected woody strands. This fundamentally different anatomy of the support structures results from the formation of an interfascicular cambium between the leaf/bud traces when a vegetative branch forms or its absence in the case of a flower. After shedding light on the functional morphology and anatomy of the cactus ramification and their development the question arises if the found load adaptation strategies may serve to improve technical fiber composite structures analogue to the design recommendation developed from the biomechanical analyses of tree ramifications. Such a biomimetic transfer from the cactus ramification as biological role model to a technical implementation and the adaptation of the fine-tuned geometric shape and arrangement of lignified strengthening tissues might contribute to the development of alternative concepts for branched fiber-reinforced composite structures within a limited design space.