No / The relationship between the academy and the business community is currently perceived to be important to the future of both parties. Universities provide graduates to meet the needs and requirements of society and industry, and the latter supplies products and services to meet the needs of the market place. Whether public or private, industry increasingly seeks to use tools and techniques that increase efficiency and effectiveness, whilst at the same time maximizing quality and minimizing cost. The current trend towards companies outsourcing their R & D requirements to reduce corporate overheads and optimize staffing levels means that Universities can utilize the opportunity and bid to supply this expertise. Universities also generate their own spin-outs from intellectual property they create, as well as licensing technology to industry, rather than transferring it. However, the relationship between university and industry is not without its challenges, chief of which is the historical commitment of the academy to advance knowledge whether it is directly applicable or not. In addition, there are many fundamental and important long term research issues that many would argue are the primary duty of the academy to address, which may have no direct application in the short to medium term. This is resulting in increasing tensions in the academy, and in the priorities for national and international funding agencies. There can also be significant cultural differences and reward models between the academy and industry which give rise to difficult issues for staff at the interface. This chapter reviews the current developments and the issues at the interface between business and the academy.

Submitted by Mariana Dornelles Vargas (marianadv) on 2015-05-27T15:38:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 influencia_imagens.pdf: 14682107 bytes, checksum: dc2cff25918154d890f4213f219ac205 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-27T15:38:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 influencia_imagens.pdf: 14682107 bytes, checksum: dc2cff25918154d890f4213f219ac205 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-27 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Uma das principais características do conceito de Design Estratégico utilizado nesta pesquisa é o uso de um método de projeto que propõe uma etapa denominada metaprojeto - um espaço para discussão do problema de design. Nesta etapa, utliza-se um tipo especial de pesquisa chamado Pesquisa Blue Sky. Esta é composta essencialmente de referências visuais externas ao contexto do que se está projetando, e busca revelar tendências e apresentar estímulos úteis para o projeto. Na presente investigação busca-se refletir sobre o papel de imagens não relacionadas ao problema de projeto - referências indiretas - como fontes de inspiração no processo criativo de design. Para tanto se aborda a questão do problema de projeto mal estruturado e o seu processo de resolução; o pensamento criativo; e o uso da imagem como referência. É proposto um método de pesquisa de caráter exploratório que inclui o desenvolvimento de lincográficos e visa avaliar como estas imagens específicas são utilizadas durante o processo projetual. Apresentam-se indícios que o uso de imagens indiretas auxilia na formulação de ideias mais conceituais por aumentar o tempo de reflexão dos indivíduos sobre o problema e sobre a solução. / One of the main characteristics of the Strategic Design concept adopted in this research is the use of a design method that proposes a stage called metadesign - a space for discussion of the design problem. At this stage, a special type of tool is used, called Blue Sky research. It is essentially composed by visual references, that are external to the design context, and reveals trends and offers useful stimuli in the project. The purpose of this investigation is to reflect about the role of images not directly related to the design problems - indirect references - as inspiration sources for the creative design process. To do so, several aspects are reviewed, such as the "Wicked problem" and it's solution process; creative process; and usage of images as reference. A exploratory research, which includes the development of linkographs, is proposed in order to evaluate how these specific images are used during the project process. Evidence is presented, showing that indirect references help the formulation of conceptual ideas, by increasing the reflection time of the individuals about the problem and about the solution.