Det finns ett stort behov av att minska energianvändningen i världen. Igenom att minska energibehovet så minskar den negativa miljöpåverkan. I en ständigt växande värld där det byggs i allt snabbare takt så ökar också energibehovet. Igenom att effektivisera befintliga byggnader kan energibehovet stagnera eller till och med minska trots utbyggnaden. Igenom att energieffektivisera så kan mer av den energi som används nyttjas istället för att den ska stå för onödiga förluster. Fortifikationsverket har en restaurangbyggnad de anser använder för mycket energi. Denna byggnad innehåller en restaurang som använder ett ångsystem för matproduktion, vilket gör byggnadens energisystem unikt. För att kunna minska byggnadens energianvändning kartläggs och analyseras den i denna rapport. Denna fallstudie genomförs med en litteraturstudie för att utveckla kunskaperna inom området. Sedan utförs mätningar i byggnaden som därefter analyseras och presenteras så att eventuella avvikelser och brister påpekas. Under arbetets gång upptäcktes att en säkring var felinstallerad för mätningen av elanvändningen till en av ångpannorna. Igenom att ha åtgärdat detta för att kunna fakturera rätt så spar Fortifikationsverket nästan 170 000 kr per år som den ångpannan går. Utöver detta så analyserades ångsystemet och uppskattningar gjordes för att kunna svara på om ånga är effektivare än el för matlagning. Det visar sig att ångsystemet kan vara effektivt om stor mängd mat tillagas. Med hänsyn till nätter, helger och de dagar då mindre mat tillagas så är el-utrustning effektivare eftersom att det helt stängs av när det inte används. Till skillnad från ångsystemet som måste täcka upp för förlusterna för att behålla temperatur och tryck, även när systemet inte används. Igenom att byta ut ångsystemet till motsvarande utrustning som drivs av el skulle det gå att spara 205 MWh/år, enligt uppskattningar. Ångsystemet står för 35% av byggnadens totala elanvändning och är den största posten för energianvändningen och är därför den del som fokuserats mest på. Utöver ångsystemet så analyserades övrig energianvändning för att kunna ge förslag på besparingar. Många av förslagen är grundade på vissa uppskattningar och antaganden vilket måste beaktas. Några konkreta exempel på besparingar som kan göras är att sänka inomhustemperaturen för att spara 50 MWh/år, installera tilläggsfönster för att spara upp till 140 MWh/år, installera effektivare kylaggregat – 200 MWh/år, installera bättre styrning till ventilationen – 110 MWh/år, installera bättre styrning till belysning – 40 MWh/år. / There is a great need to reduce energy use in the world. By reducing energy demand, this reduces the negative environmental impact. In a constantly growing world, where it is built at an ever faster pace, the energy demand also increases. By increasing energy efficiency inexisting buildings, energy requirements may stagnate or even decrease despite expansion. By increasing energy efficiency, more of the energy demand can be used instead of standing for energy losses. Fortifikationsverket has a building they believe use too much energy. This building contains a restaurant that uses a steam system to heat its food, which makes the building's energy system unique. In order to reduce the energy consumption of the building, an energy audit is completed and analyzed in this report. This case study is conducted with a literature study to develop the knowledge in the field. Then measurements in the building are performed which are subsequently analyzed and presented to indicate any deviations and deficiencies. During the work it was discovered that a fuse was incorrectly installed to measure the electricity consumption of one of the boilers. By correcting this in order to be able to bill correctly, Fortifikationsverket saves almost 170,000 SEK per year as the boiler goes. In addition to this, the steam system was analyzed and estimates were made to respond if steam is more effective than electricity for cooking. It turns out that the steam system can be effective if a large amount of food is cooked. Considering nights, weekends and days when less food is cooked, electrical equipment is more effective because it completely turns off when not in use. Unlike the steam system that has to cover the energy losses to keep temperature and pressure, even when the system is not in use. By replacing the steam system with equivalent electrical equipment, it couldsave 205 MWh/year, according to estimates.The steam system accounts for 35% of the building's total electricity demandand is the largest item for energy use and is therefore the most focused area. In addition to the steam system, other energy usage was analyzed to provide energy savings. Many of the proposals are based on certain estimates and assumptions which must be considered. Some examples of savings that can be made is lowering the indoor temperature to save 50 MWh/year, install additional windows to save up to 140 MWh/year, install more efficient cooling units -200 MWh/year, install better ventilation control systems-50 MWh/year, install better controls for indoor lighting -40 MWh/year.

This master's thesis deals with the design of stoker-fired boiler for combustion of biomass. The main points of work are stoichiometry calculation of combustion, determining the dew point of flue gas, calculation of losses, which ones serves for determination of boiler efficiency, dimension design and detail calculation of thermosetting surfaces. In the last chapter is numbered total balance and real thermal efficiency of boiler.

This diploma thesis deals with the supply of heat in a particular block of flats in Brno. It deals with supply for heating and for hot water heating. The introduction gives information about the considerated building and also generally, but especially with regard to the current situation with consumption and heat supply. Subsequently, the thesis describes the individual possibilities of obtaining heat. There are mentioned classical heat sources as gas boilers, but also less commonly used as co-generating units or solar collectors. Furthermore, the work is calculating from the technical and economic point of view for heating options chosen by the investor. Finally, the work compares the options from viewpoint of benefits, budgets and returns of possible investments.

The aim of diploma thesis is describes the design of heating in a primary school in Trenčín. In this project are two variants of the heat source. The first variant is heat pump of an air/water of split design and second variant is two gas condensing boilers. The thesis includes hot water preparation. In the experimental part of the thesis is deals with heating output of radiators.

This work deals with the topic – Heating with the use of large radiating structures. Theoretical part contains distribution underfloor heating, wall heating and ceiling heating. This topic is applied to the specified building. The project deals with preparing of domestic water, wall heating and underfloor heating. Experimental part deals with the measurement of ceiling heating.

The thesis examines the suitability of a CHP project in Bystřice nad Pernštejnem, a small town in Vysočina region, Czech Republic, which is currently supplied by biomass central heating. It reviews situation and availability of renewable energy sources and opportunities for CHP both in the Czech Republic and in Europe, including the context of current global developments. The opening chapters are followed with the renewable energy project for Bystřice nad Pernštejnem itself. The current technology, availability of biomass fuel for a potential future project, and possible development of energy sources in the town are analysed. Three alternative solutions for the CHP plant are suggested, with proposal for the technology and economic analysis, and possible future steps of the town council are discussed.

This Master’s thesis focuses on the design of vertical heat recovery steam generators. This work focuses on three main objectives. The first objective is to describe the heat recovery steam generators, there basic principle and construction. The second focal objective is thermal calculation, design of heat tranfer surfaces and choice of materials. The third objective was to calculate the boiler loss, hydraulic calculation and subsequent design of the drum dimensions.

The diploma thesis is focused on the research of dynamics of selected heating surfaces behavior. The aim of the thesis is to determine the dynamics of heating and cooling and to determine the effect of these characteristics on energy consumption of the building. The project part deals with the design of a heating solution for a residential building in three variants. An Energetic simulation is made for the designed variants, that compares the consumption of thermal energy during one year. The next simulation research the dynamics of selected large-scale heating surfaces. For each construction, nonstationary models of heating up and cooling were made, which are compared in terms of the thermal inertia.

The purpose of this thesis is a design of an automated heating regulation system for an old building. The thesis consists of a system architecture design, an implementation of the system, including prototype manufacturing of the required devices, and testing of the whole system in practice, with focus on functionality and efficiency. Several hardware devices were designed and manufactured, for which appropriate controlling software was implemented. The implemented software architecture enables users to control the system using a graphical user interface, and allows for an easy extension of the system. The graphical user interface, which is accessible both locally through a touchscreen and remotely using a web application, enables users to easily configure connected devices and regulated zones, and to set temperature level in the defined zones variably depending on a week day and time. The user interface also provides statistics about the heating system. The implemented automated heating regulation system was successfully tested in real conditions of a flat in a historical building. The system can be extended both hardware-wise and software-wise.

Small domestic hot water boilers burning solid fuels represent a significant source of air pollu-tion. It is therefore an effort to increase their combustion efficiency and to reduce the produc-tion of harmful emissions. For this reason, the operation of older and currently unsatisfactory types of household boilers has been legally restricted. Preferred types of boilers are low-emission boilers, especially automatic or gasification boilers. Most of them, however, in compar-ison with previous types of boilers, also require connection to the electricity grid. If there is a long-term failure in electricity grid, the operation of newer boiler types is limited. Wood and coal gasification boilers are currently available on the market and can be operated even in the event of a power failure, but only in heating systems with natural water circulation. In heating systems with forced water circulation, these boilers, fireplaces or fireplace inserts with hot-water heat exchangers cannot be operated without external battery supply in the event of a power failure. The dissertation thesis therefore deals with the question of whether it would be possible by thermoelectric conversion of waste heat of flue gases of small-scale low-emission combustion hot water domestic boilers to obtain sufficient electricity, to power supply their circulation pumps and to ensure operation in systems with forced water circulation independently of elec-tricity supply from the grid. In order to answer this question, a simulation tool predicting the power parameters of ther-moelectric generators was created. Compared to previously published works, the calculations and simulations include the influence of the generator on the boiler flue gas functionality. To verify the simulation tool, an experimental thermoelectric generator was built using the waste heat of the flue gas of an automatic hot water boiler for wood pellets. In addition to this genera-tor, there was also created an experimental thermoelectric fireplace insert and other equipment related to these experiments.