Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:24:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 guimaraes_ms_dr_arafo.pdf: 1443329 bytes, checksum: 2d3d8b079af9426aadd16dd726576433 (MD5) / O objetivo deste trabalho, dividido em três estudos, foi investigar (1) a reparabilidade de um cimento de ionômero de vidro modificado por resina, (2) o efeito cariostático e (3) a retenção de selantes ionoméricos aderidos ao esmalte não desgastado com sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes simplificados. Materiais e Métodos: Para o estudo 1 foram confeccionados 60 espécimes de cada material, Vitremer (VT) e resina Z250 (RC). Após envelhecimento químico e térmico, eles foram divididos em 3 grupos de acordo com o tratamento mecânico da superfície: ponta diamantada em alta rotação, ponta em ultra-som e sem desgaste. Cada espécime foi reparado com o mesmo material utilizado inicialmente. Aplicou-se na superfície do VT o Vitremer Primer (VP), e para a resina, utilizou-se ácido fosfórico seguido de adesivo Single Bond. Os espécimes foram isolados deixando exposta a interface de união. Após novo envelhecimento, os mesmos foram impregnados por nitrato de prata, seccionados e avaliados quanto à infiltração e formação de fendas. Os dados foram analisados pelos testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney (α=0,05). No segundo estudo 64 incisivos bovinos foram distribuídos em 4 grupos segundo o tratamento da superfície de esmalte: VP, Prompt L-Pop (Pr), Xeno III (Xe) ou sem tratamento. Um cilindro de VT foi construído em metade dos dentes, enquanto que a RC foi utilizada na outra metade. Os corpos de prova foram 19 submetidos a desafio cariogênico e seccionados, para realização de testes de dureza em três regiões: externa, união e interna, até a profundidade de 300 μm. Os dados transformados em porcentagem de perda mineral foram analisados pelo teste de ANOVA complementado pelo teste de Tukey ao nível de significância de 5%. No terceiro estudo, 20 pares de molares permanentes hígidos foram selecionados de crianças entre 6 e 10 anos. Em um dos dentes foi aplicado... / The purpose of this work, divided into three studies, was to investigate (1) the reparability of a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement, as well as (2) the cariostatic effect and (3) retention of glass-ionomer sealants bonded to enamel with one-step self-etching adhesive systems. Materials and Methods: For the first study, 60 specimens were prepared with Vitremer (VT) and Z250 resin. After chemical and thermal aging, the specimens were divided into 3 groups according to the mechanical treatment of the surface: diamond bur, ultrasound coupled bur or no treatment. Each specimen was repaired with the original restorative material. For VT repairs, Vitremer Primer (VP) was first applied while for composite resin the surface was phosphoric acid etched followed by the application of Single Bond. The specimens were coated with acid resistant varnish except for 1 mm around de interface. After additional aging, the specimens were impregnated by silver nitrate and sectioned medialy for the evaluation of silver infiltration and gap formation in SEM. Data were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05). In the second study, 64 bovine teeth were randomly assigned to 4 groups according to the enamel surface treatment: VP, Prompt L-Pop (Pr), Xeno III (Xe) or no treatment. A cylinder of VT was built up in half of the teeth while a composite resin was used in the other half. The teeth were then submitted to a cariogenic challenge after which they 23 were medialy cut. Transversal hardeness evaluation was performed in three regions, external, interface and internal, up to the depth of 300μm. Hardness numbers were converted to percentage of mineral loss and the data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests at the level of significance of 5%. For the third study, 20 pairs of sound permanent molars were selected from children between 6 and 10 years of age. One tooth of the pair received... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Josimeri Hebling / Banca: Elisa Aparecida Maria Giro / Banca: Angela Cristina Cilense Zuanon / Banca: Célia Regina Moreira Lanza / Banca: Darlon Martins Lima / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho, dividido em três estudos, foi investigar (1) a reparabilidade de um cimento de ionômero de vidro modificado por resina, (2) o efeito cariostático e (3) a retenção de selantes ionoméricos aderidos ao esmalte não desgastado com sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes simplificados. Materiais e Métodos: Para o estudo 1 foram confeccionados 60 espécimes de cada material, Vitremer (VT) e resina Z250 (RC). Após envelhecimento químico e térmico, eles foram divididos em 3 grupos de acordo com o tratamento mecânico da superfície: ponta diamantada em alta rotação, ponta em ultra-som e sem desgaste. Cada espécime foi reparado com o mesmo material utilizado inicialmente. Aplicou-se na superfície do VT o Vitremer Primer (VP), e para a resina, utilizou-se ácido fosfórico seguido de adesivo Single Bond. Os espécimes foram isolados deixando exposta a interface de união. Após novo envelhecimento, os mesmos foram impregnados por nitrato de prata, seccionados e avaliados quanto à infiltração e formação de fendas. Os dados foram analisados pelos testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney (α=0,05). No segundo estudo 64 incisivos bovinos foram distribuídos em 4 grupos segundo o tratamento da superfície de esmalte: VP, Prompt L-Pop (Pr), Xeno III (Xe) ou sem tratamento. Um cilindro de VT foi construído em metade dos dentes, enquanto que a RC foi utilizada na outra metade. Os corpos de prova foram 19 submetidos a desafio cariogênico e seccionados, para realização de testes de dureza em três regiões: externa, união e interna, até a profundidade de 300 μm. Os dados transformados em porcentagem de perda mineral foram analisados pelo teste de ANOVA complementado pelo teste de Tukey ao nível de significância de 5%. No terceiro estudo, 20 pares de molares permanentes hígidos foram selecionados de crianças entre 6 e 10 anos. Em um dos dentes foi aplicado... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The purpose of this work, divided into three studies, was to investigate (1) the reparability of a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement, as well as (2) the cariostatic effect and (3) retention of glass-ionomer sealants bonded to enamel with one-step self-etching adhesive systems. Materials and Methods: For the first study, 60 specimens were prepared with Vitremer (VT) and Z250 resin. After chemical and thermal aging, the specimens were divided into 3 groups according to the mechanical treatment of the surface: diamond bur, ultrasound coupled bur or no treatment. Each specimen was repaired with the original restorative material. For VT repairs, Vitremer Primer (VP) was first applied while for composite resin the surface was phosphoric acid etched followed by the application of Single Bond. The specimens were coated with acid resistant varnish except for 1 mm around de interface. After additional aging, the specimens were impregnated by silver nitrate and sectioned medialy for the evaluation of silver infiltration and gap formation in SEM. Data were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05). In the second study, 64 bovine teeth were randomly assigned to 4 groups according to the enamel surface treatment: VP, Prompt L-Pop (Pr), Xeno III (Xe) or no treatment. A cylinder of VT was built up in half of the teeth while a composite resin was used in the other half. The teeth were then submitted to a cariogenic challenge after which they 23 were medialy cut. Transversal hardeness evaluation was performed in three regions, external, interface and internal, up to the depth of 300μm. Hardness numbers were converted to percentage of mineral loss and the data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests at the level of significance of 5%. For the third study, 20 pairs of sound permanent molars were selected from children between 6 and 10 years of age. One tooth of the pair received... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:30:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-01-30 / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) on the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2). Mouse gingival explants were cultured overnight in DMEM and the expression of secreted enzymes was analyzed by gelatin zymography in buffers containing 5 mM CaCl2 (Tris-CaCl2) in 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer with the addition of HEMA and TEGDMA at different concentrations (0.62, 1.25, 2.5 or 5.0% (v/v)). The gelatinolytic proteinase present in the conditioned media was characterized as matrix metalloproteinase by means of specific chemical inhibition with 0.5 mM of EDTA and 0.5 mM of NEM. The matrix metalloproteinases present in the conditioned media were characterized as MMP-2 by immunoprecipitation.The eletrophoretic bands were scanned and the transmittance values were analyzed with ImageJ software. Data was plotted and submitted to linear regression to investigate MMP-2 inhibition as a function of HEMA and TEGDMA concentration. Three major bands were detected in the zymographic assays. Those bands were characterized as MMP-2. Zymogene (72 kDa), intermediate (66 kDa) and active forms of MMP-2 (62 kDa) were inhibited by HEMA and TEGDMA in a dose-dependent way. These findings suggest that HEMA and TEGDMA could inhibit MMP-2 expression even at small concentrations. / O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentrações de 2-hidroxietil metacrilato (HEMA) e trietilenoglicol dimetacrilato (TEGDMA) na inibição da metaloproteinase da matriz 2 (MMP-2). Tecidos gengivais de ratos foram incubados em DMEM e a expressão das enzimas secretadas foi analisada por zimografia em tampões de incubação contendo 5 mM de CaCl2 (Tris-CaCl2) em 50 mM de Tris-HCl com a adição de diferentes concentrações de HEMA e TEGDMA (0,62; 1,25; 2,5 e 5%) em volume. Para caracterizar as enzimas como MMPs foi realizado ensaio de inibição química específica com 0,5 mM de EDTA (um conhecido inibidor de MMPs) e 0,5 de NEM (um conhecido inibidor de proteinases serinas).Para caracterizar as enzimas como MMP-2 foi realizado o ensaio de imunoprecipitação. As bandas produzidas no gel foram escaneadas e os valores de transmitância foram analizados com o auxílio do programa ImageJ. Os resultados foram submetidos a regressão linear em função da concentração de HEMA e TEGDMA. Três bandas foram identificadas após a zimografia. Essas bandas foram caracterizadas como MMP-2. O zimogênio (72 kDa), a forma intermediária (66 kDa) e a forma ativa da MMP-2 (62 kDa) foram inibidas pelo HEMA e pelo TEGDMA de forma dose-dependente. Nossos resultados sugerem que o HEMA e o TEGDMA podem inibir a expressão da MMP-2 mesmo em pequenas concentrações.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:30:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Jovito_Adiel_Skupien.pdf: 8297294 bytes, checksum: 72ce694b2bb9e499cf0353c4c4b8df4e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-14 / Glass fiber posts and composite resins are widely used materials in restorative dentistry. The various forms of presentation and technical approach, as well as different handling prior to their use, can result in diverse outcomes, which can determine the success or failure of the restorative procedure. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of glass fiber posts and composite resins in front of several factors related to it uses in dentistry. For this, the study was divided into three parts: An in vitro study, an in vivo study and a systematic review. The in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of cementation delay of indirect composite resin restorations in previously hybridized dentin. Three strategies of cementation were tested through different protocols. Beam-shaped specimens from tooth/restoration were obtained and submitted to microtensile testing to evaluate the bond strength and types of failures, where the results were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey s post hoc tests and linear regression. Regular cement and adhesive threestep etch-and-rinse adhesive system showed the highest values of bond strength, followed by the same cement and two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system and the lowest values for self-adhesive cement groups. Linear regression showed an improvement in the bond strength values when three-step adhesive system was used, however, all groups had adequate values of bond strength, even in unfavorable situations. The randomized clinical trial evaluated the longevity of metal-ceramic crown and composite resin restorations performed in endodontically treated teeth that received a glass fiber post. Fifty-six severely damaged teeth but with at least one entire wall were randomly allocated into two groups according to the type of restoration. The longevity was assessed through Kaplan-meier and clinical evaluation by descriptive analysis. The recall rate was 100%, fifty-six teeth were re-evaluated with no absolute failure. However, eight composite resin restorations had failed (all reparable). A significant difference between type of restoration was found. Indirect restorations provided higher acceptable clinical performance after two-year of followup, although composite failures were liable to repair. The systematic review compared factorts that can influence retention of glass fiber posts to intraradicular based on in vitro studies which compared the bond strength of resin cements. Searches were carried out in Pubmed and Scopus database up to December 2013. Thirty-four studies were included in the review and several variables were extracted. The presence of endodontic treatment significantly decrease the bond strength, meanwhile other variables can influence according to the type of resin cement. Thus, factors as type of cement application and pretreatment of post can influence glass fiber post retention, however, self-adhesive resin cements are less sensitive to luting procedures / Pinos de fibra de vidro e resinas compostas são materiais amplamente utilizados em odontologia restauradora. As diferentes formas de apresentação e técnicas de emprego, bem como diferentes manobras prévias às suas utilizações podem implicar em desfechos clínicos mais ou menos favoráveis, que podem determinar o sucesso ou falha de um procedimento restaurador. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho de pinos de fibra de vidro e resinas compostas frente a diversos fatores relacionados ao seu uso em odontologia. Para isso, o estudo foi dividido em três partes: estudo in vitro, estudo in vivo e revisão sistemática. O estudo in vitro objetivou avaliar o efeito do retardamento da cimentação de restaurações indiretas de resinas compostas em dentina previamente hibridizada. Três estratégias de cimentação foram testadas com diferentes protocolos. Palitos do conjunto dente/restauração foram obtidos e submetidos ao teste de microtração para avaliação da resistência de união e padrão de fratura, onde os valores foram analisados através de ANOVA e teste post hoc Tukey (!=0,05) e regressão linear. Cimento convencional e sistema adesivo de 3 passos apresentaram os maiores valores de resistência de união, seguidos do mesmo cimento e sistema de 2 passos, sendo os menores valores para o grupo do cimento auto-adesivo. A regressão linear demonstrou uma melhora significativa nos valores de resistência quando o sistema de 3 passos foi utilizado, entretanto, todos os grupos tiveram resultados adequados, mesmo em condições desfavoráveis. O ensaio controlado randomizado avaliou a longevidade de restaurações metalo-cerâmicas e de resinas compostas confeccionadas em dentes tratados endodonticamente que receberam um pino de fibra de vidro. Cinqüenta e seis dentes com a coroa danificada, porém, com uma face intacta, foram alocados em dois grupos aleatoriamente, de acordo com o tipo de restauração. A longevidade das restaurações foi avaliadas através de Kaplan- Meier e critérios clínicos foram analisados de forma descritiva. Com uma taxa de rechamada de 100%, 56 dentes foram reavaliados e nenhum foi perdido. Porém, 8 restaurações de resina composta falharam e sofreram reparos. Houve uma diferença significativa para o tipo de restauração em relação ao sucesso. Assim, restaurações indiretas apresentaram uma melhor performance clínica após 2 anos de acompanhamento, embora as falhas apresentadas no grupo que recebeu resinas diretas tenham sido reparáveis. A revisão sistemática comparou fatores que podem influenciar na retenção de pinos de fibra de vidro em dentina intra-radicular baseado em estudos in vitro que compararam a resistência de união de cimentos resinosos. Após uma busca realizada nos bancos de dados Pubmed e Scopus até dezembro de 2013, trinta e quatro estudos foram incluídos na revisão e diferentes variáveis foram extraídas. A presença de tratamento endodôntico diminuiu significativamente a resistência de união, enquanto que demais variáveis variam sua influência de acordo com o tipo de cimento resinoso. Assim, fatores como método de aplicação do cimento e pré-tratamento do pino podem influenciar a retenção de pinos de fibra de vidro, porém, cimentos auto-adesivos são menos sensíveis à técnica de cimentação

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:30:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese - Fabio Herrmann.pdf: 2352205 bytes, checksum: a6bcc0f4e7708f23fde2f31a66c02b83 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-23 / The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the effect of composite resin restoration techniques, bevel and storage time on the fracture strength, restoration retention and gap formation. For the fracture strength test, standard MOD cavities were prepared in 100 upper premolars, which were divided in two storage times (24 hours and 6 months with 1000 thermocycles), and in each group, sub-groups were randomly formed as follow: group 1 direct composite resin restoration(Filtek Z250 and Adper Single Bond 3M/ESPE) without bevel (butt joint); group 2 beveled direct composite resin restoration; group 3 indirect composite resin inlay (Z250 and Rely X ARC 3M/ESPE) without bevel(butt joint); group 4 beveled indirect composite resin inlay; group 5 sound teeth; group 6 teeth with MOD preparations (no restorations). For the retention test, the incisal edge of 90 lower incisors was sectioned, and divided in the same restorative groups as described above (except group 6). To evaluate gap presence or absence, proximal box cavities were prepared in 24 human third molars, which were restored with direct or indirect composite restorations, with or without bevel, similar to above described and examined under SEM evaluation. Data was statistically analysed by A NOVA, Tukey and t-student tests for fracture strength and retention tests, and Fisher s exact test for gap formation (=0,05). At the 24 hours, beveled restorations exhibited higher fracture strength values than non beveled restorations and most of the tested groups showed resistance similar or superior than sound teeth. After 6 months, the best results were obtained for beveled inlays and the worst values were observed for butt joint direct restorations. In the retention test,beveled restorations had superior performances than non-beveled restorations, in both periods of time. For both tests, a 6-month storage time and thermal cycling produced significant properties decrease in groups 1, 2 and 4 showed. Under SEM examination, no difference was observed among groups after 24 hours. However,after 6 months, beveled restotations remained without gap formation and they had better performance than butt joint restorations. Pearson correlation test showed positive correlation between fracture strength and retention tests. Within the limitations of the study, it was concluded that aging impaired adhesive properties, bevel improved the performance in all tests and generally indirect restorations were not superior to direct restorations. / O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar in vitro o efeito da técnica restauradora, da confecção de bisel e do tempo de armazenamento de restaurações de resina composta sobre a resistência à fratura dental, resistência à fratura de restaurações (resistência adesiva) e formação de fenda marginal. Para o teste de resistência à fratura dental, foram utilizados 100 pré-molares superiores, submetidos a preparos cavitários MOD, divididos em 2 tempos de armazenamento (24 horas e 6 meses com termociclagem 1000 ciclos), subdivididos nos seguintes grupos: grupo 1 restaurados com resina composta direta (Filtek Z250 e Adper Single Bond 3M/ESPE) sem bisel; grupo 2 resina composta direta com bisel; grupo 3 resina composta semi-direta (Z250 e Rely X ARC 3M/ESPE) sem bisel; grupo 4 resina composta semi-direta com bisel; grupo 5 dentes hígidos; e grupo 6 dentes apenas preparados (n=10). Para o teste de resistência à fratura de restaurações, foram utilizados 90 incisivos inferiores, que receberam desgaste do bordo incisal e foram divididos nos mesmos grupos citados acima (exceto o grupo 6). Para a avaliação de presença ou ausência de fenda marginal,foram empregados 24 terceiros molares, que receberam preparos proximais, divididos nos mesmos grupos acima (exceto os grupos 5 e 6). Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística (=0,05) através dos testes ANOVA, Tukey e t-student para resistência à fratura dental e resistência à fratura de restaurações e teste exato de Fisher para formação de fenda marginal. Os resultados mostraram que, para resistência à fratura dental, no tempo de 24 horas, as restaurações com bisel foram superiores às demais, enquanto as sem bisel não diferiram dos dentes hígidos. Após 6 meses, as restaurações semi-diretas com bisel foram superiores às demais, não diferindo das semi-diretas sem bisel; as restaurações diretas sem bisel foram inferiores às demais. Para resistência à fratura de restaurações, as restaurações com bisel foram superiores às demais para ambos os tempos de armazenamento, e não diferiram dos dentes hígidos em 24 horas. Para os 2 testes citados, os grupos 1, 2 e 4 apresentaram redução significativa do seu desempenho após 6 meses de armazenamento e termociclagem. A avaliação de fenda em esmalte mostrou que em 24 horas não houve diferença entre os grupos. Após 6 meses, as restaurações com bisel continuaram livres de fenda, enquanto as sem bisel apresentaram fenda na maioria dos espécimes. A análise de correlação de Pearson mostrou resultado significativamente positivo para os 2 testes de resistência. Concluiu-se que o tempo de armazenamento e termociclagem foram fatores significativos na redução da performance adesiva; a realização de bisel influenciou de forma positiva na melhora do desempenho das restaurações em todos os testes empregados; as restaurações semi-diretas de resina composta, de modo geral, não foram superiores às diretas.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Brasseler USA (Savannah, GA) developed and introduced a bioceramic putty called EndoSequence Root Repair Material (ERRM) that can be used as a retrofilling material for surgical endodontics. The material is said to have many of the same chemical, physical, and biological properties as mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), but with superior handling characteristics. The material is composed of calcium silicates, monobasic calcium phosphate, zirconium oxide, tantalum oxide, proprietary fillers, and thickening agents. ERRM is said by the manufacturer to bond to adjacent dentin, have no shrinkage, be highly biocompatible, hydrophilic, radiopaque, and antibacterial due to a high pH during setting. Investigations on the sealing properties of this material have not yet been conducted. The purpose of this study was to compare the microbial leakage of Enterococcus faecalis in teeth with root-end fillings using ProRoot MTA and Brasseler’s ERRM in a dual-chamber bacterial leakage model as described by Torabinejad and colleagues. The aim of this investigation was to compare the bacterial microleakage of these two root-end filling materials exists. Sixty-two human, single-rooted, mandibular premolars in which extraction was indicated were accessed and instrumented in an orthograde fashion with hand and rotary files. Root resection of the apical 3 mm was then completed and root-end retropreparations were created for placement of root-end filling material. Twenty-seven of these premolars had root-end fillings using ProRoot MTA and 27 had root-end fillings using ERRM. Two teeth were used as a positive control group with no root-end filling, and two other teeth were used as a negative control group and were sealed and coated with dentin bonding agent. The teeth were then evaluated for microleakage using a dual-chamber bacterial microleakage model for 40 days as described by Torabinejad and colleagues. Microleakage was determined by the presence of turbidity in the lower chamber of the apparatus and was assessed each day. Fresh samples of E. faecalis were used every three days to inoculate the apparatus and serve as a bacterial challenge for the materials. Results were recorded every day for 30 days. The outcome of interest (bacterial turbidity) and time-to-leakage (in days) were determined for each of the samples. Survival analysis was used to compare the two groups with a Kaplan-Meier plot to visualize the results and a nonparametric log-rank test for the group comparison. The microleakage of ERRM was not statistically different (p > 0.05) than leakage of ProRoot MTA when subjected to E. faecalis over the 40 day observation period. Both groups had a small number of early failures (within 4 days) and no leakage was observed for the remaining 40 days of the study. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected. The results of this research support the use of either of these two materials when compared with the controls. The microleakage of Brasseler’s EndoSequence Root Repair Material was at least as good as ProRoot Mineral Trioxide Aggregate when tested with E. faecalis.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / PURPOSE: To assess the influence of simulated oral erosive/abrasive challenges on the bond strength of an etch-and-rinse two-step bonding system to enamel using an in situ/ex vivo protocol. METHODS: Bovine enamel blocks were prepared and randomly assigned to four groups: CONT - control (no challenge), ABR - 3x/day-1 minute toothbrushing; ERO - 3x/day - 5 minutes extraoral immersion into regular Coca Cola; and ERO+ABR - erosive protocol followed by a 1-minute toothbrushing. Eight blocks were placed into an acrylic palatal appliance for each volunteer (n = 13), who wore the appliance for 5 days. Two blocks were subjected to each of the four challenges. Subsequently, all the blocks were washed with tap water and Adper Single Bond 2/Filtek Z350 were placed. After 24 hours, 1 mm2 beams were obtained from each block to be tested with the microtensile bond strength test (50 N load at 0.5 mm/minute). The data were statistically analyzed by one-way RM-ANOVA and Tukey's tests (alpha = 0.05). RESULTS: No difference was detected among the ABR, ERO, and CONT groups (P > 0.05). ERO+ABR group yielded lower bond strengths than either the ABR and ERO groups (P < 0.0113). / Revisión por pares

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