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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Interação trófica entre Coleoptera e basidiomas de Polyporales e Hymenochaetales (Fungi : Basidiomycota) / Trophic interaction between Coleoptera and Basidiomes of Polyporales and Hymenochaetales (Fungi: Basidiomycota)

Graf, Letícia Vanessa January 2008 (has links)
O consumo de qualquer parte do organismo de um fungo denomina-se fungivoria e são raros os estudos que abordam a temática da interação trófica entre suas estruturas reprodutivas (basidiomas) e os insetos. Mesmo que seja um hábito alimentar freqüente entre os coleópteros, com muitas famílias obrigatoriamente fungívoras, pouco se conhece sobre a estruturação dessa assembléia. Entretanto, sabese que existem preferências por determinadas espécies de fungos, tanto para a postura dos ovos quanto para o próprio consumo. Algumas questões que este estudo aborda referem-se à riqueza e à especificidade dos besouros fungívoros. Adicionalmente investigarei a influência da taxonomia dos fungos, bem como da consistência e do sistema hifal dos basidiomas para o processo de seleção que as espécies de besouros realizam. Também foi verificado se a posição taxonômica dos besouros está relacionada com o grupo de fungos que estes utilizam ou com a consistência dos seus basidiomas. Foram realizadas oito coletas em um ambiente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, obtendo-se 376 indivíduos das Ordens Polyporales e Hymenochaetales. Estes espécimes foram mantidos individualizados em laboratório por três meses para a constante retirada dos besouros adultos e então dissecados. Todos os fungos que apresentaram besouros fungívoros associados (N = 207) foram identificados e totalizaram 40 espécies. Os coleópteros totalizaram 447 ocorrências e foram classificados em 90 morfoespécies e 20 famílias, sendo Ciidae e Staphylinidae as mais representadas. Os basidiomas foram classificados quanto às suas classes de consistência seguindo um gradiente de durabilidade e rigidez. A riqueza de besouros variou conforme a espécie do hospedeiro e não foram encontrados fatores que influenciam a variação de riqueza de besouros em fungos. A especificidade dos besouros não apresentou relação com a longevidade dos basidiomas. Também se verificou que a posição taxonômica dos fungos, bem como a consistência dos basidiomas, interferem na escolha do hospedeiro pelos besouros. Além disso, se observou que besouros mais relacionados filogeneticamente não utilizam uma assembléia de fungos mais semelhante nem basidiomas com consistências semelhantes. Isso demonstra que a habilidade em consumir as mesmas espécies não está tão relacionada com a filogenia dos besouros como ocorre com os herbívoros. / Fungivory is the consumption of any part of the fungi organism and just a few studies were done about the trophic interactions of its reproductive structures, so called basidiomes, and insects. Even though this is a disseminated habit among Coleoptera, which has many obligated fungivores families, little is known about its community organization. However, there have been works about feeding preferences and oviposing sites of some fungi species. Some of the questions of this study refer to richness and specificity of fungivores beetles on their host. It was also investigated the influence of fungi taxonomy, basidiomes consistency and hyphal system for the selection process of the beetle species, as well as the importance of the taxonomic position of the beetles regarding the host group they use and the basidiome´s consistency. The basidiomes of Polyporales and Hymenochaetales Orders were collected in an Araucaria angustifolia forest of Rio Grande do Sul State. It was obtained 376 fungal individuals, which were kept in the laboratory, individually separated in containers for three months, while the newly emerged beetles were captured, and the fungi were dissected afterwards. All individuals of fungi that had associations (207) were identified (40 species). It was found 447 occurcences of Coleoptera, which were classified in 90 morphospecies belonging to 20 families, with Ciidae and Staphylinidae being the most abundant. The basidiomes where classified by its consistency, following a longevity and hardness gradient. Beetle richness varied among fungal species and no factors that might influence the richness variation in fungi was found. Its specificity did not seem to be related to the longevity of the basidiomes. It was also verified that the fungus taxonomy as well as the consistency of its basidiomes demonstrated some importance for the process of host selection. Regarding the Coleoptera taxonomy, it was not verified that the more phylogenetic related ones use a more similar group of hosts or basidiomes that have similar consistency. This demonstrates that the ability to feed on the same species is not so related to the phylogeny of fungivore beetles as it occurs with herbivores.
2

Interação trófica entre Coleoptera e basidiomas de Polyporales e Hymenochaetales (Fungi : Basidiomycota) / Trophic interaction between Coleoptera and Basidiomes of Polyporales and Hymenochaetales (Fungi: Basidiomycota)

Graf, Letícia Vanessa January 2008 (has links)
O consumo de qualquer parte do organismo de um fungo denomina-se fungivoria e são raros os estudos que abordam a temática da interação trófica entre suas estruturas reprodutivas (basidiomas) e os insetos. Mesmo que seja um hábito alimentar freqüente entre os coleópteros, com muitas famílias obrigatoriamente fungívoras, pouco se conhece sobre a estruturação dessa assembléia. Entretanto, sabese que existem preferências por determinadas espécies de fungos, tanto para a postura dos ovos quanto para o próprio consumo. Algumas questões que este estudo aborda referem-se à riqueza e à especificidade dos besouros fungívoros. Adicionalmente investigarei a influência da taxonomia dos fungos, bem como da consistência e do sistema hifal dos basidiomas para o processo de seleção que as espécies de besouros realizam. Também foi verificado se a posição taxonômica dos besouros está relacionada com o grupo de fungos que estes utilizam ou com a consistência dos seus basidiomas. Foram realizadas oito coletas em um ambiente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, obtendo-se 376 indivíduos das Ordens Polyporales e Hymenochaetales. Estes espécimes foram mantidos individualizados em laboratório por três meses para a constante retirada dos besouros adultos e então dissecados. Todos os fungos que apresentaram besouros fungívoros associados (N = 207) foram identificados e totalizaram 40 espécies. Os coleópteros totalizaram 447 ocorrências e foram classificados em 90 morfoespécies e 20 famílias, sendo Ciidae e Staphylinidae as mais representadas. Os basidiomas foram classificados quanto às suas classes de consistência seguindo um gradiente de durabilidade e rigidez. A riqueza de besouros variou conforme a espécie do hospedeiro e não foram encontrados fatores que influenciam a variação de riqueza de besouros em fungos. A especificidade dos besouros não apresentou relação com a longevidade dos basidiomas. Também se verificou que a posição taxonômica dos fungos, bem como a consistência dos basidiomas, interferem na escolha do hospedeiro pelos besouros. Além disso, se observou que besouros mais relacionados filogeneticamente não utilizam uma assembléia de fungos mais semelhante nem basidiomas com consistências semelhantes. Isso demonstra que a habilidade em consumir as mesmas espécies não está tão relacionada com a filogenia dos besouros como ocorre com os herbívoros. / Fungivory is the consumption of any part of the fungi organism and just a few studies were done about the trophic interactions of its reproductive structures, so called basidiomes, and insects. Even though this is a disseminated habit among Coleoptera, which has many obligated fungivores families, little is known about its community organization. However, there have been works about feeding preferences and oviposing sites of some fungi species. Some of the questions of this study refer to richness and specificity of fungivores beetles on their host. It was also investigated the influence of fungi taxonomy, basidiomes consistency and hyphal system for the selection process of the beetle species, as well as the importance of the taxonomic position of the beetles regarding the host group they use and the basidiome´s consistency. The basidiomes of Polyporales and Hymenochaetales Orders were collected in an Araucaria angustifolia forest of Rio Grande do Sul State. It was obtained 376 fungal individuals, which were kept in the laboratory, individually separated in containers for three months, while the newly emerged beetles were captured, and the fungi were dissected afterwards. All individuals of fungi that had associations (207) were identified (40 species). It was found 447 occurcences of Coleoptera, which were classified in 90 morphospecies belonging to 20 families, with Ciidae and Staphylinidae being the most abundant. The basidiomes where classified by its consistency, following a longevity and hardness gradient. Beetle richness varied among fungal species and no factors that might influence the richness variation in fungi was found. Its specificity did not seem to be related to the longevity of the basidiomes. It was also verified that the fungus taxonomy as well as the consistency of its basidiomes demonstrated some importance for the process of host selection. Regarding the Coleoptera taxonomy, it was not verified that the more phylogenetic related ones use a more similar group of hosts or basidiomes that have similar consistency. This demonstrates that the ability to feed on the same species is not so related to the phylogeny of fungivore beetles as it occurs with herbivores.
3

Interação trófica entre Coleoptera e basidiomas de Polyporales e Hymenochaetales (Fungi : Basidiomycota) / Trophic interaction between Coleoptera and Basidiomes of Polyporales and Hymenochaetales (Fungi: Basidiomycota)

Graf, Letícia Vanessa January 2008 (has links)
O consumo de qualquer parte do organismo de um fungo denomina-se fungivoria e são raros os estudos que abordam a temática da interação trófica entre suas estruturas reprodutivas (basidiomas) e os insetos. Mesmo que seja um hábito alimentar freqüente entre os coleópteros, com muitas famílias obrigatoriamente fungívoras, pouco se conhece sobre a estruturação dessa assembléia. Entretanto, sabese que existem preferências por determinadas espécies de fungos, tanto para a postura dos ovos quanto para o próprio consumo. Algumas questões que este estudo aborda referem-se à riqueza e à especificidade dos besouros fungívoros. Adicionalmente investigarei a influência da taxonomia dos fungos, bem como da consistência e do sistema hifal dos basidiomas para o processo de seleção que as espécies de besouros realizam. Também foi verificado se a posição taxonômica dos besouros está relacionada com o grupo de fungos que estes utilizam ou com a consistência dos seus basidiomas. Foram realizadas oito coletas em um ambiente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, obtendo-se 376 indivíduos das Ordens Polyporales e Hymenochaetales. Estes espécimes foram mantidos individualizados em laboratório por três meses para a constante retirada dos besouros adultos e então dissecados. Todos os fungos que apresentaram besouros fungívoros associados (N = 207) foram identificados e totalizaram 40 espécies. Os coleópteros totalizaram 447 ocorrências e foram classificados em 90 morfoespécies e 20 famílias, sendo Ciidae e Staphylinidae as mais representadas. Os basidiomas foram classificados quanto às suas classes de consistência seguindo um gradiente de durabilidade e rigidez. A riqueza de besouros variou conforme a espécie do hospedeiro e não foram encontrados fatores que influenciam a variação de riqueza de besouros em fungos. A especificidade dos besouros não apresentou relação com a longevidade dos basidiomas. Também se verificou que a posição taxonômica dos fungos, bem como a consistência dos basidiomas, interferem na escolha do hospedeiro pelos besouros. Além disso, se observou que besouros mais relacionados filogeneticamente não utilizam uma assembléia de fungos mais semelhante nem basidiomas com consistências semelhantes. Isso demonstra que a habilidade em consumir as mesmas espécies não está tão relacionada com a filogenia dos besouros como ocorre com os herbívoros. / Fungivory is the consumption of any part of the fungi organism and just a few studies were done about the trophic interactions of its reproductive structures, so called basidiomes, and insects. Even though this is a disseminated habit among Coleoptera, which has many obligated fungivores families, little is known about its community organization. However, there have been works about feeding preferences and oviposing sites of some fungi species. Some of the questions of this study refer to richness and specificity of fungivores beetles on their host. It was also investigated the influence of fungi taxonomy, basidiomes consistency and hyphal system for the selection process of the beetle species, as well as the importance of the taxonomic position of the beetles regarding the host group they use and the basidiome´s consistency. The basidiomes of Polyporales and Hymenochaetales Orders were collected in an Araucaria angustifolia forest of Rio Grande do Sul State. It was obtained 376 fungal individuals, which were kept in the laboratory, individually separated in containers for three months, while the newly emerged beetles were captured, and the fungi were dissected afterwards. All individuals of fungi that had associations (207) were identified (40 species). It was found 447 occurcences of Coleoptera, which were classified in 90 morphospecies belonging to 20 families, with Ciidae and Staphylinidae being the most abundant. The basidiomes where classified by its consistency, following a longevity and hardness gradient. Beetle richness varied among fungal species and no factors that might influence the richness variation in fungi was found. Its specificity did not seem to be related to the longevity of the basidiomes. It was also verified that the fungus taxonomy as well as the consistency of its basidiomes demonstrated some importance for the process of host selection. Regarding the Coleoptera taxonomy, it was not verified that the more phylogenetic related ones use a more similar group of hosts or basidiomes that have similar consistency. This demonstrates that the ability to feed on the same species is not so related to the phylogeny of fungivore beetles as it occurs with herbivores.
4

Log-diversity and abundance of dead wood dependent bracket fungi and bryophytes, a comparison between spruce woodland key habitats and adjacent production forests in Östergötland, Sweden.

Lundgren Lodetti, Mathilda January 2019 (has links)
Dead wood in forests are essential habitat for a wide range of fungal, insects, lichens and bryophyte species. The main threat to dead wood dependent species is lack of substrate, which aggravates their ability to reach and colonize a new substrate. Inventories of woodland key habitats (WKHs) is a method to map forests with high biological value in Sweden, and these areas may benefit dead wood dependent species. The aim of this study was to compare spruce dominated WKHs with adjacent production spruce forests (APFs), regarding (1) log diversity, (2) log characteristics and (3) abundance of selected species on logs. The study was conducted in Östergötland County in Sweden, seven spruce WKHs (≥ 60% spruce) and seven APFs of three different types (two clear-cuts, two dominated by trees < 20 cm and three dominated by trees > 20 cm) were investigated. Data of eight wood dependent species (three bryophytes and five bracket fungi), log diversity, six log characteristics and two environmental factors were collected. In a total area of 4.27 ha, 210 logs (105 logs in WKH and APF each) were studied and the results show that there were significantly higher amount of coarse logs, distribution area of species, number of logs/ha, diameter, decay class and humidity inside WKHs compared with APFs. The total distribution area of species was approximately 85% larger in WKHs. Bark cover was slightly less in WKHs and sun exposure was significantly higher and humidity was lower in clear-cuts. According to the current study, WKHs are important for conservation of wood depending species due to the higher amount and diversity of coarse dead wood. Furthermore, it is necessary to put aside larger amount of coarse dead wood inside production forests, together with changed logging techniques to increase the suitable substrate for dead wood dependent species.

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