Thesis--Uppsala. / Summary in German. Includes index. Bibliography: p. 280-286.

Thesis--PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references.

This essay comprises a study of the bridal crowns of Tjust, with respect to their national history, concept and aspect of mythological symbol. The tradition of bearing the parochial bridal crown is closely associated with religious medieval politics, and has also come to include elements of superstition and folklore. Attention is paid to these aspects dealing with the position of the bridal crown within current forms of tradition and culture and the impact on brides of this day and age. As the tradition of Church-owned bridal crowns is intrinsic to this country, and especially in the area of which Tjust is a part, possible solutions to the continued tradition are investigated.

This report is a collection of articles that represent the style, content and idea of what can be found in any bridal magazine. The report consists of five features about individual weddings from different parts of Texas, including a Houston couple’s destination wedding in Turks and Caicos. Each of the individual wedding features shows the bride’s point of view and explores the planning process, wedding themes and overall feel of the wedding day itself. As a whole, the report shows the variation of wedding styles, traditions and approaches across different parts of Texas, as well as a current trend in the wedding industry – elaborate elopements. The report is written in a way that allows for each of the four articles to stand alone and possibly gain publication in a bridal magazine, while also following a cohesive style and theme so that they may be viewed as a collection. This report is representative of what is being published in Texas bridal magazines today and includes photographs from real weddings. Bridal magazines will publish information like this in order to help inspire other weddings and direct couples to different wedding vendors and services. / text

To be married is an important thing in a life. It almost only happened once in alifetime. Therefore, it¡¦s very important for a woman to choose a proper bridal gown for her. Accordingly, it is also a critical issue how to design a bridal gown for thecustomers to meet their requirement.Through rich data collected, the thesis was analyzed from both view ofconsumption and supply aspects.¡CMeanwhile, case study method was used to wellunderstand the characteristics and current situation of bridal gown industry inAmerica. After compared analysis of crossed cases, the followings were concluded,I. Freely product design. Bridal gowns are belonging to life-staged products. The designers can seldom consider the durability of the products and designatethem freely. Hence, The competitive advantages are determined by abilities of the designer in the bridal industry. II. Prices into opposing extremes. The prices are divided into opposing extremes in the bridal industry. Except for materials and labor costs, the key point to pricing is design and this is one of characteristics in the bridal industry.Different business models make the prices into opposing extremes as well. III. Leadership of design.¡COf the American bridal business, the salesperson sells the bridal gowns to the retailers or end users directly. The Americans buy the bridal gowns and this is totally different from Taiwanese. In U.S, high divorce rate comes up with high re-married rate. This would make wedding ages diversified. And designs create fashions which make a brand¡¦s advantage ofunique. IV. Differentiation is one of competitive advantages. There are many ways tomake different from others, such as service quality, stylish design, and price. InU.S, people would like to pay more to have higher service quality and stylishproduct design.

The purpose of this study is to examine and adjust as needed the Kang (1999) assortment planning model to fit the planning process of bridal retail buyers. Five buyers who are owners or managers of small, independent bridal retail businesses were selected purposively and participated in in-person interviews about their assortment planning practices. A model was developed for each company interviewed, depicting the order of the assortment planning steps as practiced by bridal retail buyers. The final models were confirmed with follow-up interviews. Findings from this study suggest that the assortment planning steps used by bridal retailers are similar to the steps used by women's dress buyers, as found in Kang's (1999) study. Bridal buyers use the six steps proposed by Kang to be included in the assortment planning process, however the bridal buyers' assortment plan is more intuitive, integrated, and loosely constructed than that of women's dress buyers. Three following variables were considered for their affect on the bridal retail buyer's process: (a) product-specific factors, (b) company-specific factors, and (c) buyer characteristics. Within the factors, the characteristics of product type and organization size were thought to have the most effect on the process. / Master of Science

Couple rituals range from everyday activities to once-in-a lifetime events. Weddings are arguably the most elaborate, complex, and rare couple ritual. Few studies have examined the association between wedding rituals and marital outcomes, yet millions of Americans marry and celebrate weddings each year. The purpose of the current study was to examine the associations between wedding ritual enactment, wedding ritual satisfaction, and marital satisfaction and commitment. The wedding rituals examined in the current study were the bridal shower, bachelor/bachelorette party, wedding reception, and honeymoon. It was hypothesized that enactment of a bridal shower, wedding reception, and honeymoon would be positively associated with marital outcomes whereas bachelor/bachelorette party enactment would be negatively associated with marital outcomes. We additionally hypothesized that satisfaction with all wedding rituals would be positively associated with satisfaction and commitment and that wedding ritual conformity would be associated with overall wedding ritual satisfaction. Our exploratory analyses examined unique predictability of wedding ritual enactment and wedding ritual satisfaction on marital outcomes. Results indicated expected and unexpected associations. Three of the predicted wedding rituals, bachelor/bachelorette party, wedding reception, and honeymoon enactment were associated with marital outcomes. Satisfaction with each wedding ritual significantly predicted marital outcomes. Lastly, wedding ritual conformity was found to be negatively associated with wedding ritual satisfaction. In our exploratory analyses, we found that wedding reception enactment was the most significant contributor to satisfaction whereas bachelor/bachelorette party enactment was the most significant contributor to marital commitment. Study limitations and directions for future research are discussed.

This thesis reports on research that examines the early stage invasion process of Asparagus asparagoides (L.) W. Wight (bridal creeper), primarily a bird-dispersed weed, in a remnant vegetation patch. The study site is on Phillip Island, approximately 100 kilometres south east of Melbourne, Victoria. Asparagus asparagoides invasion of the remnant vegetation reserve is a relatively recent phenomenon. Landscape elements that affect bird dispersal and vegetation types that affect seedling establishment may be important factors that limit or enhance the spread of A. asparagoides. A systematic sampling strategy was adopted and data collected for a variety of landscape and vegetative variables including cover and abundance of A. asparagoides and the data were presented in a Geographic Information System (GIS). Preliminary results show that the distribution of A. asparagoides within a remnant vegetation patch is not random. It appears to have entered the reserve from two boundaries, spreading toward the centre, which to date remains sparsely colonised despite the capacity of this weed to spread rapidly over long distances by birds. A number of other outcomes are noted. Asparagus asparagoides establishment is prevented in pasture where sheep and cattle graze, and paddocks subjected to tillage practices. The exclusion of grazing in fenced off vegetation in pastures demonstrates rapid weed establishment and colonisation several hundred metres from main infestation. Field observation and visual inspection of temporal progress of invasion (using above ground weed density with tuber appearance to infer age) appear to suggest that invasion into remnant is associated with the track network. This age/density assumption is strengthened when spatial distribution is examined using a data set where low-density values for A. asparagoides are removed and compared with a data set using all A. asparagoides density values. The mapping of A. asparagoides in fenced off farm remnants suggests that velocity of spread at 191m/yr is a considerable underestimate. Subsequent analysis shows that the spatial distribution of A. asparagoides is not completely spatially random while intensity surface analysis highlights regions of low and high intensity located near track network. Mapping a density surface within GIS provided confirmatory evidence for the establishment of satellite clusters along the track network. The change in the intensity surface observed using the two data sets (lowdensity values and all density values) is also consistent with an expanding invasion occurring between two time periods. Spatial point pattern analysis using K-function statistics shows that xxii the clustering observed using GIS appears to be occurring at two scales or distances (130m- 160m and 195m-205m). The association between tracks and the invasion process observed in the initial stages of the study is examined. There is a change in density as a function of distance from a track where the density of A. asparagoides appears to reduce the further away from the track a site is and this relationship holds regardless of track width. The final stages of the study look at the development of a predictive model. Visual exploration of the data through mapping in a GIS and field observation made during data collection provide the starting point for the development of logistic models to estimate the probability of A. asparagoides presence. Finally the best overall logistic model is applied to a second independent site to determine the general applicability of the model. A number of variables that impact on the presence of A. asparagoides, particularly during the initial stages of the invasion process, are identified. While all the identified variables and the overall model are statistically significant, the model is found to correctly predict presence/absence in only 67% of cases overall. The model however could be expected to correctly predict the presence of A. asparagoides in 74% of cases and has a false positive rate of 40%. The model is applied at a second independent site and found to have an overall percent correct rate of 80% and correctly predicted A. asparagoides presence in 94% of cases. The variables identified as influential in the early stage of invasion are relatively easy to acquire by simple field survey that does not require specialist skills. When considering the model as a tool for the management of remnant vegetation communities, high false positive rates may lead to limited resources being spent on searching sites where there is no weed. However, a high false negative rate would have a larger impact on the management of the weed since the undetected infestations would form sources for new propagules. The model performs well from this point of view in that it provided low false negative rates at both sites. The value of the predictive model is its ability to provide managers with information regarding specific areas to target for weed eradication and management can use the model to assess the effectiveness of any control measures by going back to obtain new cover density data, then using the model to examine the changes over time. The model also provides a starting point for the development of a generic model of A. asparagoides invasion at sites outside of Phillip Island and could also provide the starting point for developing models that could be used for other bird-dispersed fleshy-fruited weed species.

Abstract The economical pioneer of new era ¢w The cultural and creative industries become the chief pattern in New Economy. I take the example of ¡§bridal photography industry¡¨ which is deep into the Chinese culture, and still act as a role model after going through industry life cycle, to found a successful pattern for cultural and creative industries. The applications to the cultural and creative industries from the key success factors in bridal photography Industry are as follow¡G 1. The cluster effect is shown not only in the ¡§bridal photography street¡¨ but other kinds of cultural and creative industries. 2. The vertical and horizontal integration concepts in the wedding industryi chain can be applied to cultural and creative industries, it can create more production value for the firm ¢w for the cultural and creative enterprises, ¡§industrialization¡¨ is the key point, to make it work, the enterprises should dropped their preconceived ideas and cross their limitation, thus they could compete with each other under the developing process of industry. 3. Value-added application ¢w First--Differentiation¡Git makes the bridal photography industry become the specialty in Taiwan; Second--Duplication¡Xstandardization¡Bhigh level expression and module¡Gwhile considering the booming expansion, cultural and creative industries can learn from the concept of cost-down in mechanical industry, that is, make their product duplicable, come off the hand-made, and develop successful module; third ¡V Authorization. The original creation process of cultural and creative industries is extremely tough, if they can use the authorization well, then they should create more production value and influence. 4. The technology urged the industry to go for two extremes¡GThe very few artists standing on the top, and the main stream of industry which caters to trend; embracing technology is the best option when cultural and creative industries confront new era. 5. Open up the exporting and tourism markets. 6. The blue ocean strategy for individualization era ¡V The new consumption stage¡Gselling the wonderful lifestyle, customer-orientation¡Bemotional marketing¡Bsymbolic economic and luxury marketing; using the human resources well and creating high value-added. Other warnings are about the difficult financing policy, the over-supply after industrialization, the competitor after globalization and the extra pressure problems from social economic state. The cultural and creative enterprise and the industry should drop the preconceived ideas or take others to slightly, they should learn the advantages from each other¡GThe cultural and creative enterprise should emulate the concepts of standardization¡Bhigh level expression¡Bmodule or cost-down from industry, and the industry can observe the variation ability of duplication form The cultural and creative enterprise, and create high value-added by authorization.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-06-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:03:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandes_e_dr_fran.pdf: 1649636 bytes, checksum: b16d72ab121a520ea8e79050b4aa3d3d (MD5) / Este trabalho utiliza os recursos da Demografia Histórica para estudar os padrões familiares numa região de fronteira. A região oeste da Província de São Paulo, em sua área delimitada pelos rios Tietê e Paranapanema, foi a fronteira do povoamento durante boa parte do século XIX, área de conflitos entre a população indígena que ocupava aquela extensa faixa de terreno e os primeiros povoadores brancos que davam início à formação dos primeiros núcleos urbanos. A precariedade das condições de ocupação dos incipientes núcleos urbanos (ausência de um aparato administrativo, judiciário, educacional etc.) que apenas iniciavam a construção da estrutura institucional, aliada à instabilidade representada pelo perigo de ataques indígenas, dava à região características singulares, típicas, no entanto, de áreas de fronteira. Lençóes foi, durante a segunda metade do século XIX, o último núcleo urbano da fronteira, a chamada boca do sertão, ponto de apoio de expedições que demandavam o vasto território desconhecido da porção oeste da província. A análise dos registros paroquiais e cartoriais de Lençóes permitiu traçar um quadro da família na fronteira. Por ele, vemos que a ilegitimidade era baixa, menor do que em outras áreas que serviram de parâmetro, contrariando o que poderia se esperar para uma área de fronteira. Os batismos ocorriam em maior quantidade nos meses finais do ano (novembro e dezembro), seguidos pelo mês inicial, janeiro. Não havia acentuadas variações sazonais com relação aos batismos, embora os meses de outubro, fevereiro e março fossem aqueles de menor ocorrência. Enquanto o domingo era o dia preferido pelos pais para esta cerimônia, concentrando aproximadamente um terço delas, sexta era um dia a ser evitado. O apadrinhamento seguia uma estratégia: os pais escolhiam padrinhos numa faixa de renda superior à sua própria. Os... / This work uses the Historical Demography resources to study the familiar standards in a frontier area. The west region of São Paulo Province, in its area delimitated by the Tietê and the Paranapanema rivers, was a frontier of the settlement during great part of the nineteenth century, area of conflicts between the indigenous people that occupied that large region of land and the first white settlers that started the formation of the first urban nuclei. The precarious conditions of the incipient urban nuclei’s occupation (absence from administrative, judicial and educational help etc.) that just began the construction of the institutional structure, allied to the instability represented by danger of indigenous attacks, gave the region singular features, typical, however, of the frontier areas. Lençóes was, during the second half of the nineteenth century, the last urban nucleus of the frontier, the backwoods mouth as it was called, support place of expeditions that demanded the vast unknown territory of the province west portion. The analysis of the parish and registry office Lençóes last registers allowed us to draw a family description in the frontier. Because of this description, we can see that the illegitimacy was low, less than in other areas that were used as a parameter, going against what people could expect from a frontier area. The baptisms used to take place, in a bigger amount, in the final months of the year (November and December), followed by the initial month, January. There weren’t accentuate seasonal variations related to the baptisms, although October, February and March were those months with less occurrence. While Sunday was the perfect day for this ceremony, considered by the parents, Friday was a day to avoid, concentrating approximately a third of them. Parents had to follow a strategy in order to choose the godparents: they used to choose people whose ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)