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Průzkum a hodnocení železobetonové mostní konstrukce / Survey and assessment of reinforced concrete bridge constructionŠnédar, Jaroslav January 2020 (has links)
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the real condition of reinforced concrete beam bridge located in Brno Jundrov. In order to evaluate this condition, there was made the main bridge inspection. Subsequently, a number of diagnostic methods were used, such as hardness tests, concrete stress strenght, ultrasonic pulse method, including their evaluation. In terms of the main inspection, the condition of construction of the bridge was evaluated as V - bad. We found out that the concrete from which the bridge is built of is in very good condition. The problem, however, is the condition of the reinforcement located on the bridge. Based on its condition there must be expected lifespan within the next 5-10 years.
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Diagnostika a hodnocení mostní konstrukce / Diagnostics of the bridge structureWünsche, Dominik January 2021 (has links)
The diploma thesis deals with the issue of bridge strustures, especially their diagnostics and evaluation. The work consists of two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with the basic description and division of bridge structures, brigde inspections and test methods, especially those that were used in the thesis during bridge inspections. The practical part includes a visual inspection of two bridges, their description, detection of faults and defects and their documentation. In the practical part, the basic maretial characteristics of concrete bridges were determined, the condition of structures was assessed and a proposal for the elimination of failures and defects was developed. In the end, the work deals with the evaluation of both bridges.
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Evaluation and Structural Behavior of Deteriorated Precast, Prestressed Concrete Box BeamsRyan T Whelchel (7874897) 22 November 2019 (has links)
Adjacent precast,
prestressed box beam bridges have a history of poor performance and have been
observed to exhibit common types of deterioration including longitudinal
cracking, concrete spalling, and deterioration of the concrete top flange. The nature of these types of deterioration
leads to uncertainty of the extent and effect of deterioration on structural
behavior. Due to limitations in previous
research and understanding of the strength of deteriorated box beam bridges,
conservative assumptions are being made for the assessment and load rating of
these bridges. Furthermore, the design
of new box beam bridges, which can offer an efficient and economical solution,
is often discouraged due to poor past performance. Therefore, the objective of this research is
to develop improved recommendations for the inspection, load rating, and design
of adjacent box beam bridges. Through a
series of bridge inspections, deteriorated box beams were identified and
acquired for experimental testing. The
extent of corrosion was determined through visual inspection, non-destructive
evaluation, and destructive evaluation.
Non-destructive tests (NDT) included the use of connectionless
electrical pulse response analysis (CEPRA), ground penetrating radar (GPR), and
half-cell potentials. The deteriorated
capacity was determined through structural testing, and an analysis procedure
was developed to estimate deteriorated behavior. A rehabilitation procedure was also developed
to restore load transfer of adjacent beams in cases where shear key failures
are suspected. Based on the
understanding of deterioration developed through study of deteriorated adjacent
box beam bridges, improved inspection and load rating procedure are provided along
with design recommendations for the next generation of box beam bridges.
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An Unmanned Aerial Systems Evaluation Chamber for Bridge InspectionJose Capa Salinas (11178285) 26 July 2021 (has links)
<p>Civil engineering structures must provide an adequate and safe performance during their time of service, and the owners of these structures must have a reliable inspection strategy to ensure time-dependent damage does not become excessive. Visual inspection is the first step in every structural inspection; however, many elements in the majority of structures are difficult to access and require specialized personal and equipment. In an attempt to reduce the risk of the inspector and the cost of additional equipment, the use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) has been increasing in the last years. The absence of standards and regulations regarding the use of UAS in inspection of structures has allowed the market to widely advertise Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) without protocols or qualifications that prove their effectiveness, leaving the owners of the structures to solely rely on claims of the vendors before deciding which technology suits their particular inspection needs. Focusing primarily on bridge inspection, this research aimed to address the lack of performance-based evaluation and standards for UAS, developing a validation criterion to evaluate a given UAS based on a repeatable test that resembles typical conditions in a structure. </p><p><br></p><p>Current applications of UAS in inspection of structures along with its advantages and limitations were studied to determine the current status of UAS technologies. A maximum typical rotor-tip-to-rotor-tip distance of an UAV was determined based on typical UAVs used in bridge inspection, and two main parameters were found to be relevant when flying close to structures: proximity effects in the UAV and availability of visual line of sight. Distances where proximity effects are relevant were determined based on several field inspections and flights close to structures. In addition, the use of supplementary technologies such as Global Positioning System (GPS) and Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) was studied to understand their effect during inspection. </p><p><br></p><p>Following the analysis, the author introduces the idea of a series of obstacles and elements inside an enclosed space that resemble components of bridge structures to be inspected using UAVs, allowing repeatability of the test by controlling outside parameters such as lighting condition, wind, precipitation, temperature, and GPS signal. Using distances based on proximity effects, maximum typical rotor-tip-to-rotor-tip distance, and a gallery of bridges and situations when flying close to bridge structures, a final arrangement of elements is presented as the evaluation chamber. Components inside the evaluation chamber include both “real” steel and concrete specimens as well as those intended to simulate various geometric configurations on which other features are mounted. Pictures of damages of steel and concrete elements have been placed in the internal faces of the obstacles that can be assessed either in real-time flight or in post-processing work. A detailed comparison between the objectives of this research project and the results obtained by the evaluation chamber was performed using visual evaluation and resolution charts for the images obtained, the availability of visual line of sight during the test, and the absence of GPS signal.</p><p><br></p><p>From the comparison and analysis conducted and based on satisfactory flight results as images obtained during flights, the evaluation chamber is concluded to be a repeatable and reliable tool to apply to any UAS prior to inspect bridges and other structures, and the author recommends to refrain from conducting an inspection if the UAS does not comply with the minimum requirements presented in this research work. Additionally, this research provided a clearer understanding of the general phenomenon presented when UAVs approach structures and attempts to fill the gap of knowledge regarding minimum requirements and criterion for the use of UAS technologies in inspection of structures.</p>
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