At California State University, Los Angeles and California Polytechnic University, San Luis Obispo, a longitudinal survey was created in response to the COVID-19 pandemic for students within their respective engineering departments. A combination of nonparametric and longitudinal analysis is performed to evaluate the impacts of the transition to a virtual educational environment and the stressors brought on by the global pandemic. Additional qualitative evaluation is performed to gain insight and make program recommendations to enhance the resilience of individuals in the academic systems. Results demonstrate a large shift in circumstances immediately at the start of the pandemic, with a variety of significant trends across the survey cycles and topics. A comparison of the two institutions both qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrate how different institutional responses and student bodies impacted the overall student experience.

Following the successful launch of CP3 and CP4, the PolySat team noticed an unreliable uplink to both satellites. A significant problem with the PolySat COMM system is poor receive sensitivity of the communications system. Efforts have been made to improve the uplink margin, but without proper characterization of the receiver sensitivity, the problem cannot be fully addressed. By developing an accurate method of measuring receive sensitivity, a methodical approach can be used to properly diagnose the communication system and link budget. Two revisions of the PolySat COMM system will be measured and compared. An in-depth study of the PolySat COMM system will be performed, providing an interesting look at possible causes of the inconsistent uplink and methods of improving the COMM system. For future bus development, this test setup can be used to accurately measure the receive sensitivity.

El presente trabajo tiene la finalidad de presentar el plan estratégico para el desarrollo de la industria de la cal en la Región Cajamarca. La industria de la cal es una excelente oportunidad de desarrollo en la región y en el país, debido a que la minería es el principal consumidor de este producto, que demanda grandes cantidades de cal en los procesos productivos de metales tales como: oro, plata, cobre, zinc, entre otros. En la Región Cajamarca la demanda actual de cal está cubierta por Cementos Pacasmayo, Minera Yanacocha y por productores artesanales de la región. La industria de la cal en la región es incipiente, sólo Minera Yanacocha produce cal a nivel industrial para su propio consumo el cual cubre el 30 % de la demanda; el otro 30 % del consumo es cubierto por la región La Libertad de Cementos Pacasmayo y el 40 % restante de la demanda es cubierto por los productores artesanales de la región Cajamarca, realizado a través de un programa de responsabilidad social. Los planes de inversiones mineras en el país superarán los $ 53´229,000 en los próximos 10 años de los cuales el 17% estará en la Región Cajamarca, demandando cal por 275,865 T /año aproximadamente, al ponerse en operación las empresas mineras de los proyectos como: Conga, Michiquillay, Galeno, La Granja y Shahuindo. Para poder cubrir la demanda y desarrollar el sector industrial de cal en los próximos 12 años es necesario industrializar la producción actual y proyectarnos a la demanda futura para ser competitivos y satisfacer la demanda. El plan estratégico realizado en este trabajo pretende contribuir con el progreso de la Región Cajamarca al presentar un conjunto de estrategias que establecen el propósito del sector industrial de la cal: Tomar las oportunidades que se presentan, hacer frente a las amenazas externas basadas en nuestras fortalezas y debilidades, obtener las ventajas competitivas necesarias para lograr ser el primer productor de cal en el Perú y en los próximos 12 años llegar a ser los primeros en Sudamérica / This paper aims to present the strategic plan for the development of lime industry in the Region of Cajamarca. Lime industry is an excellent opportunity for development in the region and in the country because mining is the main consumer of this product; it demands large amounts of lime in their production process of metals such as gold, silver, copper, zinc, among others. In the region of Cajamarca, the current demand of lime is cover by Cementos Pacasmayo, Minera Yanacocha and from artisanal producers from the region. The lime industry in the region is emerging, only Minera Yanacocha for its own produces lime at industrial level, which covers 30 % of its demand, the other 30 % of consumption is covered by the region La Libertad of Cementos Pacasmayo and the remaining 40 % of demand is covered by artisan producers of the Cajamarca region through a social responsibility program. Mining investment plans in the country over $ 53'229, 000 in the next 10 years, of which 17 % will be in the region of Cajamarca, claiming lime 275.865 T / year approximately, when mining companies such as Conga, Michiquillay, Galeno, La Granja and Shahuindo projects are held into operation. To meet the demand and develop the industrial sector of lime in the next 12 years it is necessary to industrialize the current production, project future demand and be competitive to be able to satisfy the demand. The strategic plan held in this project aims to contribute to the progress of the region of Cajamarca, introducing a set of strategies to establish the purpose of the lime industry: Taking the opportunities presented and deals with external threats based on our strengths and weaknesses, in that way we will be able to gain competitive necessary advantages to achieve and be the first lime in Peru and in the next 12 years become the first in South America

California’s elderly population over age 85 is estimated to grow 361% by the year 2050. Many of these elders are frail and highly dependent on caregivers making them more likely to need nursing home care. A 1998 United States Government Accountability Office report identified poor quality of care in California nursing homes. This report spurred multiple Assembly Bills in California designed to increase nursing home nurse staffing, change the state’s Medi-Cal reimbursement methodology, or both. The legislation culminated in Assembly Bill (AB) 1629, signed into law in September 2004, which included the Long-Term Care Reimbursement Act. This legislation changed the state’s Medi-Cal reimbursement from a prospective, flat rate to a prospective, cost-based methodology and was designed in part to increase nursing home nurse staffing. It is estimated that this methodology change moved California from the bottom 10% of Medicaid nursing home reimbursement rates nationwide to the top 25%. This study analyzed the effect of AB 1629 on a panel of 567 free-standing nursing homes that were in continuous operation between the years 2002 – 2007. Resource Dependence Theory was used to construct the conceptual framework. Ordinary least squares (OLS) and first differencing with instrumental variable estimation procedures were used to test five hypotheses concerning Medi-Cal resource dependence, bed size, competition (including assisted living facilities and home health agencies), resource munificence, and slack resources. Both a 15 and 25 mile fixed radius were used as alternative market definitions instead of counties. The OLS results supported that case-mix adjusted licensed vocational nurse (LVN) and total nurse staffing hours per resident day increased overall. Nursing homes with the highest Medi-Cal dependence increased only increased NA staffing more than nursing homes with the lowest Medi-Cal dependence post AB 1629. The fixed effects with instrumental variable estimation procedure provided marginal support that nursing homes with more home health agency competition, in a 15 mile market, had higher LVN staffing. This estimation procedure also supported that nursing homes with more slack resources (post AB 1629) increased nurse aide and total nurse staffing while nursing homes located in markets with a greater percentage of residents over the age of 85 had more nurse aide staffing.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-02-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:18:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 mota_da_me_jabo.pdf: 239398 bytes, checksum: 7b97bf14760346eb8b0439297c7d4f3a (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o efeito do tratamento alcalino da canade- açúcar in natura, variedade IAC 862480, submetida ou não a hidrólise com 0,5% de cal virgem (CaO) ou cal hidratada (Ca(OH)2) durante 12, 36 e 60 horas de armazenamento, sobre a composição bromatológica, pH, temperaturas externa e interna, e digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca (DIVMS), fibra em detergente neutro (DIVFDN) e da fibra em detergente ácido (DIVFDA). Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3x3, cujos tratamentos foram três tipos de cana = Cana in natura; Cana hidrolisada com 0,5% de cal virgem e Cana hidrolisada com 0,5% de cal hidratada x 3 tempos de armazenamento (12, 36 e 60 horas). Notouse efeito significativo (P<0,01) tanto para os tipos de cana como para os tempos de armazenamento sobre a temperatura externa dos amontoados. Para pH e temperatura interna observou-se interação significativa entre os tipos de cana e tempos de armazenamento (P<0,01). Houve influência dos tipos de cana sobre os teores de matéria orgânica, matéria mineral, carboidratos totais e hemicelulose (P<0,01) e fibra em detergente neutro e nutrientes digestíveis totais (P<0,05). Os tempos de armazenamento influenciaram os teores de proteína bruta (P<0,01) e matéria orgânica carboidratos totais e hemicelulose (P<0,05). Para o teor de carboidratos não fibrosos, observou-se interação significativa entre os tipos de cana e tempos de armazenamento (P<0,05)... / The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of the alkaline treatment of a “in natura” sugarcane variety, IAC 86-2480, submitted or not to hydrolysis with 0,5 % virgin lime (CaO) or hydrated lime (Ca(OH)2) during 12, 36 and 60 hours of storage, on the bromatologic composition, pH, external and internal temperatures, and in vitro dry matter ruminal digestibility (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber (IVNDFD) and acid detergent fiber (IVADFD). The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, in a 3x3 factorial scheme, with the treatments being composted by the combination of three types of sugarcane (in natura sugarcane; hydrolyzed sugarcane with 0,5 % virgin lime; and hydrolyzed sugarcane with 0,5 % hydrated lime) and three storage timings (12, 36 and 60 hours). A significant (P <0.01) effect of the external temperature was noticed, not only for the types of sugarcane but also for the storage timing. For pH and internal temperature there was a significant interaction between the types of sugarcane and the storage timings (P<0.01). It was noticed an influence of the sugarcane types on the content of organic and mineral matter, total carbohydrates and hemicellulose (P<0.01) and neutral detergent fiber and total digestible nutrients (P<0.05)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Les cellules dendritiques plasmacytoïdes humaines (pDCs) ont été montrées comme les principales cellules productrices d'interférons de type I (IFN) suivant une stimulation de leurs récepteurs TLRs intracellulaires. Après activation, les pDCs contrôlent la localisation subcellulaire de ces TLRs menant à une production séquentielle de cytokines. Une première vague d’IFN due la voie IRF dans les endosomes précoces, suivi de la production des cytokines pro-inflammatoires due à la voie NfκB dans les endosomes tardifs. BAD-LAMP/LAMP5, membre de la famille des protéines LAMP, spécifique du cerveau chez la souris est également exprimée par les pDCs humaines. Nous révélons ici le rôle de BAD-LAMP dans la régulation du transport de TLR9 dans les pDCs. Suite à une stimulation par CpG, BAD-LAMP et TLR9 atteignent des endosomes spécialisés dans la signalisation IRF VAMP3+. Le blocage de BAD-LAMP altère le transport intracellulaire de TLR9 par sa rétention dans les endosomes VAMP3+. Alors que l’expression ectopique de BAD-LAMP accélère le transport de TLR9 dans les lysosomes LAMP1+. La rétention dans les compartiments VAMP3+ impact directement la signalisation TLR9, en augmentant la production IFN et en diminuant celle du TNFα. De plus, nous avons démontré que BAD-LAMP est régulée négativement par l’IFN. A l’inverse, les pDCs traitées avec des surnageants tumoraux ainsi que les pDCs infiltrant les tumeurs mammaires présentent à la fois un défaut dans la production d'IFN et un maintien de l’expression de BAD-LAMP. BAD-LAMP est donc un régulateur essentiel du transport de TLR9 dans les pDCs humaines qui traduit l’efficacité de la signalisation TLR9 dans des conditions pathologiques. / Human plasmacytoïd dendritic cells (pDCs) have been shown to be the principal producer of type-I interferons (IFNs) following intracellular TLRs stimulation. Upon activation, pDCs tightly control TLRs sub-cellular localization in specialized endosomes, leading to sequential programs of cytokines production: a first rapid wave of type-I IFN, due to IRF signalling from early endosomes, followed by pro-inflammatory cytokines production, dependent on NfκB signalling from late endosomal compartments. BAD-LAMP/LAMP5, an atypical member of the LAMP protein family, is brain specific in mice. In Human, BAD-LAMP is also expressed in pDCs. We reveal here a novel step of TLR regulation mediated by BAD-LAMP, that controls TLR9 access to, and signalling from, specialized subsets of endosomes in human pDCs. Upon CpG stimulation, BAD-LAMP and TLR9 follow a common endocytic sorting step, in order to reach early, IRF-signalling, VAMP3+ endosomes. BAD-LAMP silencing alters TLR9 traffic and promotes its retention in VAMP3+ endosomes, while ectopic BAD-LAMP expression triggers accelerated TLR9 transport to LAMP1+ lysosomes. Retention in VAMP3+ endosomes impacts directly on TLR9 signalling by increasing IFN production and decreasing TNFα. Importantly, we found that BAD-LAMP expression is down-regulated by IFN exposure. Conversely, pDCs treated with tumour supernatants or pDCs infiltrating human breast tumors, present both sustained BAD-LAMP expression, and defect in IFN production. BAD-LAMP is therefore an essential regulator of TLR9 transport in human pDCs and a marker of TLR9 signalling efficiency under pathological conditions.

<p>Over the last three decades, computer architects have been able to achieve an increase in performance for single processors by, e.g., increasing clock speed, introducing cache memories and using instruction level parallelism. However, because of power consumption and heat dissipation constraints, this trend is going to cease. In recent times, hardware engineers have instead moved to new chip architectures with multiple processor cores on a single chip. With multi-core processors, applications can complete more total work than with one core alone. To take advantage of multi-core processors, we have to develop parallel applications that assign tasks to different cores. On each core, pipeline, data and task parallelization can be used to achieve higher performance. Dataflow programming languages are attractive for achieving parallelism because of their high-level, machine-independent, implicitly parallel notation and because of their fine-grain parallelism. These features are essential for obtaining effective, scalable utilization of multi-core processors.</p><p>In this thesis work we have parallelized an existing audio codec - Adaptive Multi-Rate Wide Band (AMR-WB) - written in the C language for single core processor. The target platform is a multi-core AMR11 MP developer board. The final result of the efforts is a working AMR-WB encoder implemented in CAL and running in the OpenDF simulator. The C specification of the AMR-WB encoder was analysed with respect to dataflow and parallelism. The final implementation was developed in the CAL Actor Language, with the goal of exposing available parallelism - different dataflows - as well as removing unwanted data dependencies. Our thesis work discusses mapping techniques and guidelines that we followed and which can be used in any future work regarding mapping C based applications to CAL. We also propose solutions for some specific dependencies that were revealed in the AMR-WB encoder analysis and suggest further investigation of possible modifications to the encoder to enable more efficient implementation on a multi-core target system.</p>

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:18:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel Arthur Nnang 1.pdf: 7371846 bytes, checksum: 7f44feffcd51ca0d8112ebff33daa070 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-13 / Presently in Brazil, there is a real difficulty to reuse solid waste. Among them, the phosphogypsum, a byproduct of phosphatic acid production. The huge deposits of this waste become problematic both environmentally and economically. Therefore, researches are being conducted to find a reuse of this material in geotechnical engineering. In the specific case of its application in paving, beyond reuse waste, seek to reduce the exploitation of natural materials, traditionally used in construction of roads. Laboratory tests showed the possibility of use of phosphogypsum in paving when mixed with soil or chemically stabilizer. Thus, this study evaluates on field, the mechanical behavior of mixtures of phosphogypsum, tropical soil of Aparecida de Goiania-GO and lime, when used in base layers of asphalt pavement. For that, laboratory tests were performed to characterize the mixtures to be used on field and was constructed an experimental pavement with mixtures of soil (80%) + phosphogypsum (20%), soil (80%) + phosphogypsum (11%) + lime (9%), soil (91%) + lime (9%) and gravel (100%). During the experimental pavement construction, field tests specifics of paving were conducted, to check its good execution and evaluate its initial performance. To better understand the behavior of the experimental pavement, a second step of field tests was conducted, six months after the release of traffic. From this study, was been observed that both in laboratory and field, the mixture soil (80%) + phosphogypsum (11%) + lime (9%) was that which presented the best mechanical performances and can thus replace the gravel for construction of low cost pavement. However, care should be adopted to control the expansion of this mixture. / Atualmente, observa-se no Brasil uma real dificuldade de reaproveitamento dos resíduos sólidos. Dentre eles, tem-se o fosfogesso, subproduto da produção de ácido fosfático. Os gigantescos depósitos deste resíduo tornam-se problemáticos tanto do ponto de vista ambiental como econômico. Por esse motivo, estudos estão sendo realizados com o objetivo de encontrar uma reutilização desse material em geotecnia. No caso de sua aplicação em pavimentação, além de reaproveitar os resíduos, procura-se reduzir a exploração de materiais naturais tradicionalmente empregados em construção de estradas e vias urbanas. Ensaios laboratoriais mostraram a possibilidade de uso do fosfogesso em pavimentação quando associado aos solos locais e misturas estabilizadas quimicamente. Sendo assim, neste trabalho avalia-se o comportamento mecânico em campo de misturas de fosfogesso, solo tropical da região de Aparecida de Goiânia-GO e cal, quando usadas em camadas de base de pavimento asfáltico. Para tanto, foram realizados ensaios de laboratório para caracterizar as misturas a serem executadas em campo e construída uma pista experimental constituída por subtrechos com misturas solo (80%) + fosfogesso (20%), solo (80%) + fosfogesso (11%) + cal (9%), solo (91%) + cal (9%) e cascalho (100%). Durante a construção dessa pista, foram realizados ensaios de campo próprio à pavimentação, para checar a boa execução da pista e avaliar o comportamento inicial do pavimento. Para entender melhor o comportamento da pista experimental, uma segunda etapa de ensaios de campo foi realizada seis meses após a liberação do tráfego. Deste trabalho, observou-se que tanto em laboratório como em campo, a mistura solo (80%) + fosfogesso (11%) + cal (9%) foi que apresentou os melhores desempenhos mecânicos, podendo assim substituir o cascalho para construção de pavimento de baixos custos. Porém, devem ser adotados cuidados para controlar a expansão dessa mistura. Palavras

Over the last three decades, computer architects have been able to achieve an increase in performance for single processors by, e.g., increasing clock speed, introducing cache memories and using instruction level parallelism. However, because of power consumption and heat dissipation constraints, this trend is going to cease. In recent times, hardware engineers have instead moved to new chip architectures with multiple processor cores on a single chip. With multi-core processors, applications can complete more total work than with one core alone. To take advantage of multi-core processors, we have to develop parallel applications that assign tasks to different cores. On each core, pipeline, data and task parallelization can be used to achieve higher performance. Dataflow programming languages are attractive for achieving parallelism because of their high-level, machine-independent, implicitly parallel notation and because of their fine-grain parallelism. These features are essential for obtaining effective, scalable utilization of multi-core processors. In this thesis work we have parallelized an existing audio codec - Adaptive Multi-Rate Wide Band (AMR-WB) - written in the C language for single core processor. The target platform is a multi-core AMR11 MP developer board. The final result of the efforts is a working AMR-WB encoder implemented in CAL and running in the OpenDF simulator. The C specification of the AMR-WB encoder was analysed with respect to dataflow and parallelism. The final implementation was developed in the CAL Actor Language, with the goal of exposing available parallelism - different dataflows - as well as removing unwanted data dependencies. Our thesis work discusses mapping techniques and guidelines that we followed and which can be used in any future work regarding mapping C based applications to CAL. We also propose solutions for some specific dependencies that were revealed in the AMR-WB encoder analysis and suggest further investigation of possible modifications to the encoder to enable more efficient implementation on a multi-core target system.

Ce travail a pour objectif d'étudier les perfomances et la régiosélectivité de deux lipases lors de l'acylation de flavonoïdes en milieu organique. Cette étude a permis de montrer que la solubilité dans l'acétonitrile, l'acétone et le tert-amyl alcool dépend de la nature du flavonoïde. La solubilité la plus élevée a été obtenue avec la naringénine et l'hepéritine et la plus faible pour la rutine et l'isoquercitrine. Les propriétés thermophysiques sont également affectées par la nature du flavonoïde. Ainsi, les flavonoïdes glycosylés possèdent un point de fusion moins élevé et une enthalpie de fusion plus élevée que ceux des aglycones. Du point de vue cinétique d'acylation, des rendements de conversion de 99% ont été obtenus avec la quercétine. Ces rendements varient en fonction de la nature du flavonoïde et du donneur d'acyle, du rapport molaire (vinyle acétate/ flavonoïde) et de la nature du solvant. Le rendement le plus faible a été obtenu avec l'hespéritine. La modélisation moléculaire de flavonoïdes dans le vide et dans des solvants a permis d'étudier le rôle de la conformation sur la solubilité et de dégager des relations structure-activité pour un certain nombre de descripteurs moléculaires. Enfin des modèles OPLS tout atomes ont été construits pour étudier par dynamique moléculaire la quercétine dans des phases condensées de solvants organiques / This work aims to study the performances and the regioselcetivity of two lipases throughout the acylation of flavonoids in organic medium. This study showed that the solubility in acetonitrile, acetone and tert-amyl alcohol depends on the nature of the flavonoid. The highest solubility, in actonitrile, was obtained with the naringenin and hesperitin and the lowest with rutin and isoquercitrin. The thermophysical properties are also affected by the nature of flavonoids. Thus glycosylated flavonoids are characterized by a low melting point and a high enthalpy of fusion compared to the aglycon ones. From the kinetic acylation data, the highest conversion yields of 99% were obtained with quercetin. These conversion yields vary according to the nature of the flavonoid and the acyl donor, the molar ratio (vinyl acetate/flavonoid) and the nature of the solvent. The lowest conversion yield was obtained with hesperitin. Molecular modeling of flavonoids in vacuum and solvents allows to study the role of conformation structure on solubility and to release the structure-activity relationship with many electronic descriptors. Finally, OPLS all atoms were built to study, by molecular dynamics, quercetin in condensed phases of organic solvents.