Orientador: Renata Maria Coimbra Libório. / Banca: Raul Ragão Martins / Banca: Maria Suzana de Stefano Menin / Resumo: O presente estudo está vinculado ao Programa de Pós Graduação em Educação, da Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Presidente Prudente, mais especificamente à linha de pesquisa Processos Formativos, Diferença e Valores. Nosso objeto de estudo se refere às representações sociais construídas e compartilhadas entre sujeitos que experienciaram o trabalho infantil na infância e/ou dão aulas para crianças e adolescentes trabalhadores. Nesse sentido, o objetivo é compreender as representações sociais de profissionais da educação e famílias acerca do trabalho e do trabalho infantil e sua avaliação quanto ao(s) impacto(s) sobre a vida de crianças e adolescentes trabalhadore(a)s, principalmente nas áreas de educação e desenvolvimento. Adotamos como perspectiva teórica entender o trabalho infantil para além de análises generalizantes sobre seus prejuízos e/ou benefícios, utilizadas para justificar a inserção precoce em trabalho. A pesquisa foi dividida em duas fases e contou com a participação de profissionais da educação e famílias oriundos de duas escolas públicas estaduais do município de Presidente Prudente/SP. Na fase I, procedemos à aplicação de um questionário, em ambas as escolas, o qual foi respondido por 45 profissionais da educação e 72 famílias, cujo objetivo foi traçar o perfil dos participantes, sua opinião quanto ao impacto/interferência do trabalho na vida de quem o exerce e questões de evocação... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This study is linked to the Graduate Program in Education, at São Paulo State University, Campus of Presidente Prudente/SP, more specifically to the Research Line "Formative Processes, Difference and Values". The focus of our study refers to the social representations built and shared among individuals who had the experience of child labor in the past or that teaches for working children. In this sense, the aim of our study is to understand the social representations of education professionals and families about work and child labor and its assessment o f the (s) impact (s) on the lives of working children and adolescents, especially in areas of education and development. We adopt as a theoretical perspective the comprehension of child labor as a phenomenon that must be understood through the lens of a broader conception of child work and labor, that do not make general assertions about the losses and / or benefits used in order to justify the early inclusion of children in work. The research was conducted in two phases and it encompasses the participation of professionals of education and families from two public schools in the city of Presidente Prudente/SP. In phase I, the 45 professionals of education and 72 families, participants of the research answered to a questionnaire whose goal was to obtain the profile of participants, their opinion about the impact and interference of the work in children and adolescents's lives and it has questions with free evocation words. In phase II, we conducted semistructured into reviews with eight professionals of education indicated by the principal and with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

This study is a critical analysis of child labour and human resource development in Uganda. The study was undertaken because of the growing concern about child-labour practices in African countries, Uganda being an example. The incidence of child labour and the form that it takes are driven by supply-anddemand factors countrywide, but also by the sheer need of children to survive. Child labour is considered to be a fundamental child development problem. Children are involved in a number of child-labour practices such as prostitution in the commercial and tourism sex industry, forced begging on the streets, and forced soldiering. They may be used as camel jockeys, domestic servants, farm labourers/herders, mine labourers, produce porters, roadside sellers/street vendors, sweetshop-industry labourers, cooks and porters for rebels. The persistent exploitation of children involved in hazardous work and conditions has become overwhelming in Uganda. Poverty as one of the major causes for the growing numbers of child labourers in the agricultural sector in Uganda has caused a number of children to engage in child-labour activities to earn extra income for household survival. Many children have opted for partial attendance in school, eventually dropping out. Parents have also frequently influenced children to work on family farms, thus contributing to the children dropping out of school. Child-labour practices have become entrenched in the social and moral fabric of Ugandan society, and for this reason, research endeavours to uncover ways and methods to reverse this situation. The main objectives of this research were to establish the impact of poverty on child labour, to assess the effect of the social and cultural setup on child labour, to find out the impact of child-labour legislation enforcement, to determine the 5 influence of the HIV and AIDS pandemic on child labour, to establish the effect of the educational system and technological advancement on child labour, to establish the level of awareness of human rights in the community, and to establish the impact of human rights activists on the prevention of child labour. The study was undertaken in Masindi District in Budongo Sub County, in three parishes, Nyabyeya, Nyantonzi and Kasongoire. The respondents used for the study included child labourers, their parents, farmers, and community leaders. The method used to get to the sample was purposive sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires for written answers and a tape recorder for oral answers. Both primary and secondary data was collected, verified, edited, checked, coded, analysed, and then exported to Excel and SPSS. Collecting the data was a challenging exercise for the researcher. Experiences were varied, in the hospitality and willingness of respondents to learn more about child issues. Although respondents were willing to participate in the data collection exercise, social and cultural values did not permit all of them to share their views with the researcher. To collect data from respondents, the researcher had to ensure that remuneration was in place at the end of the exercise. The respondents filled out the questionnaires only after learning of the availability of a reward for every questionnaire answered. More setbacks were the need to travel long distances, and enduring the poor infrastructure, poor sanitation, and epidemic outbreaks, some of which diluted the quality of data collected. During group interviews, most parents were not entirely truthful about involving their children in child-labour activities. Although most respondents had an idea of what child labour is, their ignorance levels on the topic prevented them from stopping their children from working. The major findings of the research were that the cultural, social and economic setup of the community in the study area favoured child labour, although the child-labour legislation is against using children as labourers. Various ethnicities 6 in the study area considered a person between the ages of 5 and 12 years to be a child, yet the Constitution of Uganda dictates the age of childhood to be below 18 years. This causes conflict in the definition of who a child is. Although parents were aware of the Universal Primary Education (UPE) regulation penalties for not taking children to school, they still permitted children to engage in child-labour activities, and little has been done by government to curb the culprits. Awareness of the Sub Counties and Credit Co-operatives (SACCOs) and their implementation has not helped to reduce poverty in the area studied, resulting in an increased school dropout rate among school-going-age children, as well as more child-labour activities. The major conclusion of the study was that little has been done to increase the awareness levels of the teachers, parents and their children about child labour and its legislation, their knowledge of and involvement in micro-finance institutions in the community, and the availability of vocational training institutions. Little has therefore been done to reduce child-labour activities, improve the economic status of the community, and improve their human resource skills. The major recommendations of the research to the study are that culture should not override the Constitution as far as the definition of age limit is concerned. The government should carry out stakeholder analyses, and implement a life-skills and sensitisation programme in order to improve child participation in the Universal Primary Education (UPE) programme. Government should ensure that the society is given information about basic accounting, project planning and management skills, in order to be effectively involved in the economic programmes of SACCOs.

No description available.

More than 168 million children work worldwide. While some types of work are beneficial for children, some types are detrimental for children's health, growth, education and future well-being. The theory defines poverty and lack of access to credit as main causes of child work. While there is no one-to-one replacement, work reduces the amount of education received by child workers as it competes for children's time. This mix-method dissertation explores child work in two studies: 1) a qualitative study of child work in Tajikistan and 2) a quantitative study of microfinance participation and its effect on global child work and education. The qualitative study of the child work is analyzed through narratives of child workers and their parents in Tajikistan. This study examined the pathways to child work and the families' understanding of child work experiences. Furthermore, the factors causing the increase of child work prevalence in the country and the consequences of children's involvement in the labor market were explored. The children and parent's narratives revealed several common themes. First, the families resort to child work due to financial need. Second, less explored and unconventional perspectives on child work were recorded. Children and parents describe employment as means to become independent and gain respect and status. Moreover, they list becoming socialized and prepared to adult life from early stages of life as a value added to labor market engagement. Child work was also described as means to stay physically healthy and as a protective factor from risk-taking behaviors. The quantitative analysis of this dissertation explores the topic through a broader perspective. The study evaluates the impact of microfinance programs on child economic activity and education globally, using macro data for 113 countries of the world for the period of 15 years (1995-2010). The results of the study suggest that there is a positive association between microfinance and secondary school enrollment. The relationship between microfinance and primary school enrollment, as well as primary school completion is ambiguous. No statistically significant relationship between microfinance and child work was found. Future research directions and implications for policy are examined.

Among the multitude of interventions to address the worst forms of child labor (WFCL), one of the responses to the presence of WFCL has been the institution of child labor monitoring (CLM). While systems to systematically monitor children with respect to their exposure and risks have been implemented, the degree of their efficacy and ultimately their effect on the targeted populations begs academic scrutiny. This dissertation seeks to provide an empirical view of the community-level dynamics that emerge in response to a community-based CLM program and their effects, in turn, on the CLM itself. An embedded multiple case study methodology, surveying longitudinally at two points in time using a mix of purposive and probability sampling techniques, was employed for this study. Two communities, Ahokwa in the Western Region, and Dwease in the Ashanti Region of Ghana, were selected as cases. The study finds that between the two points of observation - before and after the introduction of CLM - a profound reduction of WFCL is observed in Dwease, whereas much less reduction was observed in Ahokwa. A point-by-point analysis within and between the two villages reveals that individual, social and institutional factors worked together to transform behavior in Dwease. The principal change catalysts in Dwease were (a) a heightened awareness of child work hazards and a deepened parental investment in child education working at the individual level, coupled with (b) new norms created by the town’s opinion leaders and the emergence of peer accountability at the social level, and (c) monitoring carried out by the Community Data Collection (CDC) and enforcement carried out by the Community Child Protection Committee (CCPC) - the two new institutions constituting CLM at the community-level. The underlying social dynamic proved to be decisive: a tipping point was crossed in Dwease whereby progressive opinion leaders in the community, who, once sensitized to recognize the pejorative effects of CL/WFCL, created new social norms and spurred a critical mass of community members to rid their community of CL/WFCL. This study shows that with sufficient local ownership, and if properly instituted, the tandem operation of child protection committees and child labor monitoring enables a community to effectively detect, police and mitigate the practice of child labor and WFCL. / acase@tulane.edu

Thesis (MTh)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Motivated by the observation that child labour is harmful to children, this research aims to determine whether child labour could be described as a violation of human dignity. The research further attempts to develop a theological framework which the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian (C.C.A.P) Synod of Livingstonia in Malawi could adopt in restoring the human dignity that might have been trodden on in child labour practices. In order to achieve the objectives of this study, eight ministers from two presbyteries were interviewed, using a structured questionnaire as the main tool for data collection. The data was analyzed using a thematic data analysis method. The findings indicated that child labour is any work done by children that is detrimental to their welfare. Such work was predominantly on tobacco farms both at commercial and at family levels, and was carried out under hazardous conditions. As a result children experience the following effects; physical abuse; psychological torture, sexual abuse; and these children may end up in perpetual poverty experiences, to mention just a few effects. The critical literature analysis done with reference to theological concept of human dignity, characterized the effects as a violation of human dignity. The main causes of child labour identified during this study were poverty, ignorance of short and long terms impact of child labour effects on children, and the cultural perceptions that children are equipped for the future if they are trained (socialized) to work hard at a tender age. By implication, as long as these causes exist, child labour may remain a problem and children may continue to suffer since these children do not enter labour by choice, but forced by the socio-economic and socio-cultural structures. Although these children experience this human degradation there is no way they can stop working on their own, because they do not have a voice, they are under the control of parents and employers. In this context this study would like to classify working children as among the marginalized, oppressed, weak and vulnerable groups in need of people and institution that can speak and act on their behalf. Therefore it is argued that there is a need for the church to advocate for the marginalized children in this context. The literature consulted further indicated that the church of Jesus Christ is responsible for providing spiritual and physical salvation to people, taking into account how long it may take to deal with some of the main causes of child labour. The church may consider its advocacy role of protecting the dignity of human beings created in the image of God with compassionate love. This research suggests recommendations that are in line with theological understanding of who the church is and the human dignity of people and specifically of children, to address the challenges of child labour practices. The recommendations attempt to involve different stakeholders of the community to work in a consortium. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die navorsing is gemotiveer deur die waarneming dat die gevolge van kinder-arbeid skadelik vir kinders kan wees, en stel dit ten doel om vas te stel of die effek van kinder-arbeid as ʼn skending van menswaardigheid beskryf kan word. Die navorsing streef ook om ʼn teologiese raamwerk te ontwikkel wat die Church of Central Africa Presbyterian (C.C.A.P) Livingstonia Sinode in Malawi kan gebruik om die menswaardigheid wat moontlik deur kinder-arbeid- gebruike vertrap is,te herstel. Ten einde die doelstellings van die studie te bereik, is onderhoude gevoer met agt predikante van twee ringe, Jombo en Rumphi, in Livingstonia Sinode. Tydens die individuele onderhoude is ʼn gestruktureerde vraelys hoofsaaklik gebruik vir die versameling van data. Die versamelde data is ontleed met ʼn tematiese data-ontleding metode. Volgens die bevindings is kinder-arbeid enige arbeid wat kinders verrig wat nadelig vir hul welsyn is. Die meeste werk wat deur kinders verrig word, is op kommersiële tabakplase of in familieverband op kleinboere se tabakplase. Die werk is meestal onder gevaarlike omstandighede. As gevolg van die gevaarlike werk, ervaar kinders fisiese mishandeling, sielkundige teistering, seksuele mishandeling en ook soms gedurige armoede, om net ʼn paar te nadelige effekte te noem. Die kritiese literatuur-analise oor hierdie effekte met verwysing na ʼn teologiese konsep van menswaardigheid, toon dat die gevolge gekenmerk kan word as skending van menseregte. Die volgende primêre oorsake van kinder-arbeid is in die studie geïdentifiseer: armoede, onkunde oor die kort- en langtermyn impak van kinder-arbeid op kinders, en kulturele persepsies dat kinders vir die toekoms toegerus word as hulle op ʼn jong ouderdom geleer word (sosialisasie) om hard te werk. Die implikasie is dat solank hierdie oorsake voortbestaan, sal kinder-arbeid ʼn probleem bly en sal kinders steeds so ly, aansien hierdie kinders nie kies om kinder-arbeid te verrig nie, maar deur sosio-ekonomiese en sosio- kulturele strukture daartoe gedwing word. Al word hierdie kinders onmenswaardig behandel, kan hulle nie ophou werk nie, want hulle het nie ʼn stem nie, hulle word beheer deur hul ouers en werkgewers. In hierdie konteks stel hierdie studie werkende kinders gelyk aan die klassifikasie van die gemarginaliseerde, onderdrukte, swak en weerlose groep namens wie mense en organisasies moet praat en optree. Daar word dus betoog dat daar ʼn behoefte is dat die kerk namens gemarginaliseerde kinders in hierdie konteks intree. Die literatuur dui verder aan dat die aard en missie van die kerk van Jesus Christus maak ons verantwoordelik om spirituele en fisiese verlossing vir mense te bied. In die lig van die uitdagings van kinderswat werk, en met inagneming van hoe lank dit mag neem om sommige van die oorsake van kinder-arbeid aan te spreek, kan die kerk sy rol in terme van die beskerming van die menswaardigheid van mense geskape in die beeld van God met deernisvolle liefde oorweeg. Die navorsing maak voorstelle wat belyn is met die teologiese verstaan van wie die kerk is en die menswaardigheid van mense en spesifiek van kinders, om die uitdagings van kinder- arbeid aan te spreek. Die aanbevelings streef om verskillende aandeelhouers in die gemeenskap te mobiliseer om as ʼn konsortium saam te werk om kinder-arbeid en die onmenswaardige behandeling van kinders te bestry.

This paper examines the National Child Labor Movement in America at the turn of the 20th century and how it affected collective American social consciousness and civic engagement. One of the first and most important social movements of the Progressive Era led by the National Child Labor Committee, reformers sought to use multiple focal points to unite the American public around the issue of children and the greater good of the nation’s future. In doing so, the movement embedded a new urban social awareness in which Americans finally caught a glimpse into the lives of their fellow citizens, of all classes and backgrounds, and began to develop empathetic practices to initiate social change. Ultimately, this had a significant effect on the future of urban social reform.

O presente trabalho analisa o impacto do trabalho infantil no desempenho escolar das crianças e adolescentes que trabalharam e frequentaram a escola no período entre 2007 e 2011. A Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios - PNAD de 2011 mostra que 6,9% das crianças e adolescentes em idade escolar, ou seja, entre 6 e 17 anos de idade, conciliavam o seu tempo entre estudo e trabalho, representando cerca de 2,7 milhões de indivíduos nesta faixa etária. Ademais, o Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Básica - SAEB, responsável pelas aplicações das provas de conhecimentos gerais e específicos aos alunos das 4ªs e 8ªs séries do Ensino Fundamental e da 3ª série do Ensino Médio, nas escolas públicas e privadas do Brasil, mostra que o nível de conhecimento em testes de proficiência nas disciplinas de Língua Portuguesa e Matemática encontra-se aquém do satisfatório em cada série avaliada. Assim, na medida em que a universalização do ensino ocorre, torna-se importante verificar não só o impacto do trabalho infantil na frequência escolar, mas também no desempenho escolar. O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar qual o impacto do trabalho das crianças e adolescentes (aqui segregado por suas ocupações: trabalho fora do domicílio, trabalho dentro do domicílio e trabalho em ambos os locais) na proficiência nos testes de Língua Portuguesa e Matemática. Para tanto, utilizaram-se microdados da Prova Brasil/SAEB de 2007 e 2011. A segunda base de dados utilizada foi o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio - ENEM, que contém testes e informações dos alunos do Ensino Médio. Foi criado um pseudo painel e estimado o modelo de Efeitos Fixos, além de se utilizar o método de Propensity Score Matching. Concluiu-se que o trabalho exercido por crianças tem um efeito negativo no desempenho acadêmico, sendo esse efeito ainda pior para os alunos que trabalham fora do próprio domicílio ou que conciliam o trabalho fora do domicílio com os afazeres domésticos comparado aos que trabalham somente no domicílio. Os resultados mostram que as diferenças das médias nos testes de proficiência podem reduzir em até 10% a Média Mínima Satisfatória - MMS dada pelo SAEB para as crianças que trabalham em relação às que não trabalham. / This paper analyzes the impact of child labor on school performance between 2007 and 2011. The Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílio - PNAD, Brazilian annual household survey of 2011 estimated that 6.9% of children in school age, between 6 and 17 years old, allocated their time between study and work, represented by, nearly 2.7 million people at this age range. In addition, the Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Básica - SAEB, Brazilian biannual education survey, responsible for the application of the tests of general and specific knowledge of students in the 4th and 8th grades of elementary school and senior high school, in public and private schools in Brazil, shows that the proficiency in Portuguese Language and Mathematic tests is below de adequate level for each grade evaluated. Considering that 94% of school-age children are in school, it is important to analyze the impact of child labor not only on attainment in school but also on their performance. Therefore, this paper aims to verify the impact of child labor (here treated as nondomestic work, domestic work and work in both places) in learning. Standardized test scores in Portuguese and Mathematics are available from Prova Brasil microdata, as well as information on socioeconomic characteristics of each student who attended school in Brazil from 2007 to 2011. The second database consists of National Examination for High School - ENEM with test scores and information about student´s characteristics in Senior High School in 2011.The impact was estimated by two different econometric methods: creating a pseudo panel using fixed effects model and Propensity Score Matching. The results show that child labor has a negative effect on student´s achievement. Additionally, this effect is worse for students who work outside their house or work both inside and outside their houses compared to those that only work in the household. The reduction in the average proficiency tests for those working can reach up to 10% of the minimum satisfactory mean given by SAEB.

Analisa a situação de crianças e adolescentes submetidas precocemente ao trabalho, numa longa duração histórica, que registra mudanças, como a passagem do trabalho infantil inserido na economia familiar camponesa para o trabalho infantil proletarizado, no contexto do êxodo rural ocorrido a partir dos anos 1960 no Vale do Mucuri - MG. Verifica que a população camponesa expropriada migra para diferentes contextos, como a cidade de São Paulo e a agricultura da cana e sofre perdas das condições de reprodução social. Analisa as situações de exploração do trabalho infantil e da situação da infância pobre apresenta-se como anômala em relação aos fundamentais que, simultaneamente iam se fortalecendo por meio de mediações que passaram a definir mudanças na doutrina jurídica sobre a criança e o adolescente e o mundo do trabalho. Considerado violência estrutural, o trabalho de crianças e adolescentes passou a figurar-se como intolerável e desde os anos 1970, com a Convenção 138/73 da OIT e no Brasil repercutiu nos anos 1980 por força dos movimentos sociais que forjaram conquistas de direitos que passaram a orientar as políticas sociais de atendimento à infância, inscritas no ECA. Nos anos 1990, dificuldades de ordem política e econômica vão desorientar a efetivação dos direitos conquistados. A política de erradicação do trabalho infantil é assumido pelo Estado a partir de 1994, com o PETI, que foi sendo implantado lentamente no pais, assim como os Conselhos Tutelares. Para analisar a eficácia das políticas sociais para a erradicação do trabalho infantil, partimos da história de famílias e crianças do bairro Novo Horizonte e da Vila Solidariedade na cidade Teófilo Otoni sofreu um processo vigoroso de expansão da mancha urbana a partir dos anos 1970 em decorrência das migrações camponesas. A história dos habitantes permitiu relacionar expropriação camponesa, migrações e trabalho infantil às políticas socais para a infância, especificamente o PETI e considerar que as mesmas são insuficientes tendo em vista que o grau de ausência de direitos fundamentais em detrimentos das garantias legais / This work analyzes the long-lasting situation of children and adolescents precociously subject to labor. It has been a historical situation, that went through changes such as the passage of child labor in the familiar economy to the proletary child labor that occurred within the rural exodus that took place in the years 1960s in the Mucuri Valley (State of Minas Gerais). We verified that the expropriated peasant population migrates to different environments, such as the city of São Paulo and places dedicated to the sugar cane agriculture, and lose conditions of social reproduction. This work also analyzes the situations of child labor exploitation - the situation of poor children is anomalous in relation to fundamental rights, and simultaneously those rights have been fortified by means of mediations, which resulted in changes in the juridical doctrine regarding the infancy, youth and the labor world. Regarded as a structural violence, the children and youngsters labor was considered intolerable since the years 1970s, through the ILO Convention 138/73. In Brazil, that change spread in the years 1980s by the force of the social movements that created the rights that served as basis for the social policies described in the Statute of the Children and Adolescent. In the years 1990s, social and political difficulties avoided the effectiveness of the rights conquered. The State of São Paulo assumed the policy of the child labor eradication in 1994, through a program (PETI) that has slowly being implanted in the country. At the same time, the Tutelary Councils were created. In order to analyze the efficacy of social policies for the eradication of the child labor, we based our study on the history of families and children of Novo Horizonte and Vila Solidariedade neighborhoods, in the city of Teófilo Otoni, State of Minas Gerais. That city suffered a massive process of urban expansion, from the 1970s on, as result of peasant migrations. The history of the inhabitants allows us to correlate peasant expropriation, migration and labor work to social policies for childhood, specifically the PETI, showing that those policies are insufficient, having in mind the degree of absence of fundamental rights and legal guarantees

Há um consenso na literatura de que a criança que trabalha tem um rendimento escolar menor, e atingirá um nível de escolaridade final mais baixo do que o alcançado por aquelas que não trabalham. Conseqüentemente, quando adultos, terão salários menores do que os indivíduos que começaram a trabalhar mais tarde, e esse mecanismo é o que também se conhece como ciclo de perpetuação da pobreza. Partindo da hipótese de que as crianças trabalham para complementar a renda da família - ou seja, trabalham porque são pobres - as iniciativas que visam o combate ao trabalho infantil ajudam a diminuir as diferenças entre pobres e não-pobres, uma vez que atua numa de suas causas. Enfim, são ações capazes de quebrar o ciclo que mantém pobres várias gerações de uma mesma família. Os programas Bolsa Escola em geral não exigem formalmente que a criança seja afastada de atividades laborais para que o benefício lhe seja concedido. Porém, como existe a obrigatoriedade da freqüência escolar, que reduz o tempo disponível para outras atividades, e é realizada transferência em dinheiro que substituiria a renda do trabalho da criança, entende-se que a saída do mercado de trabalho é um efeito colateral ou transbordamento (spillover) de um programa cujo objetivo explícito é incentivar a demanda por educação formal e aliviar a pobreza corrente. Avaliou-se o impacto dos programas de bolsa escola sobre o trabalho infantil no Brasil, utilizando os microdados da PNAD 2001, por meio de duas estratégias complementares: i) modelo próbite em que a variável dependente é um se a criança trabalha e zero se não trabalha; e ii) regressão por mínimos quadrados ponderados, para as crianças que trabalham, em que a variável dependente é o número de horas semanais trabalhadas por mês. É possível concluir que o programa é eficiente na redução do número de horas mensais de trabalho das crianças, e que uma bolsa adicional diminui jornada das crianças que trabalham em duas horas na área urbana e três horas na área rural. No entanto, os testes realizados não foram conclusivos em relação à decisão da família de inserir suas crianças no mercado de trabalho. / There is a consensus in the literature that if a child works his/her level of schooling will decrease and consequently he/she will receive lower wages in adult life, forcing their children to work to guarantee family subsistence. Based on the hypothesis that children work to complement family income, the initiatives to eradicate child labor helps to diminish the differences between the poor and non-poor. The minimum income for school attendance programs - like bolsa escola in Brazil - in general do not request formally that the child quits his/her job to receive the benefit. However, since school attendance is mandatory, which reduces the available time for other activities, and there is a cash transfer that substitutes the child’s income from work, the decrease in the labor market participation is a spillover effect of the program, whose objectives are to stimulate the demand for formal education and to alleviate current poverty. As a way to evaluate the impact of the bolsa escola programs on the child labour in Brazil, based on microdata from PNAD 2001, a regression model was estimated by weighted least squares for the weekly hours worked by children and a probit model for the family’s decision of children’s participation in the labor force. It is possible to conclude that the program is really efficient to decrease children’s weekly hours of work, but the test for participation in the labor force was inconclusive. An additional bolsa has diminished in two hours the weekly hours worked by children in rural areas and in three hours in urban areas.