Yes / The increasing concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is a primary global environmental concern due to its detrimental impacts on climate change. A significant reduction in CO2 generation together with its capture and storage is an imperative need of the time. CO2 can be captured from power plants and other industries through various methods such as absorption, adsorption, membranes, physical and biological separation techniques. The most widely used systems are solvent based CO2 absorption method. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of various random and structured packing materials in absorption column on CO2 removing efficiency. Aspen plus was used to develop the CO2 capture model for different packing materials with Monoethanolamine (MEA) solvent in order to optimize the system. It was found that the lowest re-boiler duty of 3,444 kJ/KgCO2 yield the highest rich CO2 loading of 0.475 (mole CO2/mole MEA) by using the BX type of structured packing having the highest surface area. The surface area of the different packing materials were inversely proportional to the temperature profiles along the column. Furthermore, the packing materials with higher surface areas yielded higher CO2 loading profiles and vice versa. The findings of this study and recommendation would help further research on optimization of solvent-based CO2 capturing technologies.

This work presents a techno-economic analysis of multiple direct hydrogen production technologies using different blends of Arabian crude oil and natural gas as feedstock: Auto thermal reforming, steam reforming, and combined reforming technologies are thermodynamically and technically evaluated through development of process flowsheets. Comparative analysis indicates that combined reforming using Arabian light crude oil achieves a 22.69 % of hydrogen recovery with carbon capture, which is higher than auto thermal reforming and steam reforming by 0.7 %. At the same time, auto thermal reforming achieves a 26.70 % of hydrogen recovery without carbon capture, which is higher than steam reforming and combined reforming by 4 %. Arabian heavy, medium, light, and extra light are evaluated using auto thermal reforming technology to estimate hydrogen recovery values. A wide range of crude oil and natural gas prices are included in the analysis to calculate hydrogen production cost. With crude oil price at 90 USD/bb, the hydrogen production cost is 2.9 USD/kg, and natural gas prices at 30 USD/MMBtu (Europe), 20 USD/MMBtu (Japan), and 2.5 USD/MMBtu (GCC region), the hydrogen production cost is 4.5, 3.0, and 0.4 USD/kg respectively.

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yes / The non-isothermal kinetic and thermal behaviour of a naturally formed dolomite in conditions that approach in situ CO2 capture in chemical looping reforming, were investigated. The performance of this dolomite was studied at micro-scale in ‘dry’ conditions, as well as at macro-scale in ‘dry’ and ‘wet’ conditions to investigate the effects of scale (3 mg, 2.5 g), partial pressures of CO2 (<15 kPa) and steam, and deactivation upon limited cycling. The carbonation and calcination kinetics were modelled using an improved iterative Coats–Redfern method. Increasing CO2 partial pressures on the ‘dry’ macroscale exacerbated the experimental carbonation conversions in an inversely proportional trend when compared with those at micro-scale. The presence of steam had a positive effect on CO2 chemisorption. Steam had a negligible influence on the calcination activation energies. The activation energies of carbonation were increased for the experiments at the highest CO2 partial pressures under wet conditions.