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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
221

Person-environment congruence and the identity development of young adults: converging two theories of career development

Lancaster, Brian Paul 16 August 2006 (has links)
According to Erik Erikson (1950), adolescents and young adults are highly engaged in the process of identity development with intentions to avoid a state of diffusion and role confusion. Several researchers (e.g., Bordin, 1990; Krumboltz, 1979; Lofquist & Dawis, 1991; Super, 1957) in the area of career development have attempted to explain how identity relates to the career selection process for young adults, all seeming to describe a similar construct, that of self identity. Perhaps the most popular theory of career development, Holland’s (1959) theory, clarified the identity construct by Holland's Vocational Identity is first compared to Marcia's four ego identity statuses (Diffusion, Foreclosure, Moratorium, and Achieved), indicating a positive relationship to ego identity development. Second, person-environment (P-E) congruence was compared to Erikson's/Marcia's four identity statuses and Vocational Identity, revealing no relationship between the variables. However, strong relationships were apparent for P-E Congruence and well-being measures, including satisfaction with academic major, stability in academic major, and academic achievement. In further investigation of the identity formation process, identity variables were compared to measures of well-being. Using canonical correlation analysis, the first canonical function showed Vocational Identity as a strong indicator of well-being. Canonical correlation analysis was also used to compare measures of career development with Erikson's/Marcia's ego identity development. Results revealed a strong statistical relationship with the first canonical root, indicating Vocational Identity and career decision making both appear to be strongly related to the Achieved identity status. These findings further support the theoretical connection between ego identity and career development process. Considering limitations of the study, implications for theory and practice and recommendations for future research are provided. describing Vocational Identity as the possession of a clear and stable picture of one’s goals, interests, and talents. This study sought to clarify similarities between Erikson’s theory of identity development and Holland’s theory of vocational choice. To assess the relationship between identity formation and career development, 206 college students completed scales measuring ego identity formation, using Marcia’s (1966) empirical representation of Erikson’s theory, Vocational Identity, measures of congruence, measures of well-being, and Career Indecision.
222

The connections between values alignment and teamwork : A case study

Nyberg, Sandra, Nilsson, Anette, Skinstad, Erik January 2009 (has links)
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research today highlights the importance of values alignment, but all of the research has been conducted on manufacturing companies. We found it interesting to investigate if the same theories are applicable to the knowledge-intense service sector, such as consultancy firms. Furthermore, research has identified a set of key attributes of successful teamwork, which we find closely related to values alignment. Despite this, we found no previous research within this area.</p><p><strong>Purpose:</strong> This study investigates the connections between values alignment and teamwork at a consultancy firm.</p><p><strong>Method:</strong> Our research was conducted as a case study at the department of Management at a consultancy firm. A survey, based on Barrett’s (2008) Seven Level Consciousness, and Cultural Values Assessment models, was carried out. However, we have modified the model to fit Swedish work-related values. We conducted pre-survey, and follow-up survey interviews with employees at the consultancy firm, as well as an interview with a former employee. This triangulation of information gathering techniques allowed us to ensure the validity of our study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> We found a set of four clear relations between values alignment and, what previous research has identified as, key success factors of successful teamwork. Commitment, guidance in decision making, quality of outcome and reduced interpersonal conflicts are all outcomes of values alignment, and they are in different ways connected to one or several of <em>commitment to success and shared goals, commitment to team processes and accountability, interpersonal skills, open communication and feedback or <em>interdependencies. </em></em></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p> / <p><strong>Bakgrund</strong><strong>:</strong> Dagens forskning belyser vikten av att ha en gemensam värdegrund, men så vitt vi kan se sträcker sig forskningen till att enbart involvera tillverkningsföretag. Vi tyckte att bristen på forskning inom kunskapsintensiva serviceföretag, så som konsultföretag, var intrigerande och bestämde oss för att undersöka huruvida befintliga teorier är applicerbara även på den här sektorn. Forskning har även identifierat ett antal faktorer som kännetecknar framgångsrikt teamwork, vi anser att dessa faktorer är kopplade till att ha en gemensam värdegrund. Trots detta har vi inte hittat någon tidigare forskning inom det här området.</p><p><strong>Syfte</strong><strong>:</strong> Den här uppsatsen undersöker sambandet mellan att ha en gemensam värdegrund och teamwork på ett konsultföretag.</p><p><strong>Metod:</strong> Den här undersökningen är genomförd som en fall studie på Mana-gementavdelningen på ett konsultföretag. Vi sände ut en enkät till de anställda, som byggde på Barretts (2008) Seven Level Consciousness och Cultural Values Assessment modeller. Vi har dock anpassat enkäten till att stämma överens med svenska arbetsrelaterade värderingar. Förutom detta genomförde vi intervjuer innan enkäten skickades ut, samt uppföljningsintervjuer. Utöver de intervjuerna, gjorde vi även en intervju med en före detta anställd på företaget. Den här trianguleringen gjorde det möjligt för oss att försäkra validiteten för vår undersökning.</p><p><strong>Slutsats:</strong> Vi fann fyra tydliga kopplingar mellan fördelarna med att ha gemensam värdegrund, och vad som genom tidigare forskning har identifierats som framgångsfaktorer för teamwork. Engagemang, stöd för beslutsfattande, kvalitet samt en minskning av sociala konflikter är alla effekter av att ha en gemensam värdegrund. Dessa är på olika sätt relaterade till en eller flera av följande; <em>engagemang i framgång och delade mål, engagemang till team processer och ansvarsskyl-dighet, social kompetens, öppen kommunikation och feedback eller <em>ömsesidigt beroende. </em></em></p><p> </p>
223

Corporate brand coherency : examining the effects of the advertising congruence antecedent on consumer attitudes.

Paula, Arbouw January 2014 (has links)
The overall aim of this thesis is to investigate the effects of coherence in the corporate branding process. Specifically, this thesis defines and develops the concept of corporate brand coherency (CBC) using four antecedents and four dimensions, and investigates the effects of incongruence based on the advertising antecedent by manipulating ad-brand congruence. Using the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM), the research tests whether two-sided messages aid the resolution of incongruence following central route processing and whether greater number of arguments could act as a peripheral cue. Accordingly, a conceptual model was developed to test the effects of ad-brand congruence, message sidedness and argument quantity on corporate credibility, attention and elaboration, attitude towards the ad and attitude towards the corporate brand. To empirically test this model an online experiment (using a 3x2x2 between-subjects factorial design) was conducted, where subjects were exposed to a modified print advertisement for a grocery store. A total of 528 responses were collected from New Zealand Internet users. Two- and three-way ANCOVAs as well as path analysis was used to analyse the hypothesised relationships. The results indicate support for CBC, as it was found that congruence led to positive evaluations and higher corporate credibility. Two-sided messages were not found to be effective in reducing the negative effect of incongruence. Instead, two-sided messages led to less favourable evaluations of incongruence. Regardless of the incongruence, the results show that two-sided messages did not lead to positive evaluations, while an increased number of arguments did lead to more favourable attitudes. Overall, the findings show the ELM is not applicable to explain consumers’ responses to incongruence, as incongruence was not found to affect message processing. Additionally, there was no support that message sidedness and argument quantity, respectively, acted as central and peripheral cues. Furthermore, findings indicate that incongruity in advertising can lead to positive evaluations when consumers have a negative prior brand attitude. The theoretical and managerial implications as well as directions for future research based on these findings are discussed.
224

Capital-marque et personnalité de la marque : contributions théoriques et apports empiriques dans un contexte vietnamien

Le, Thi Minh Hang 25 January 2012 (has links) (PDF)
Les marques représentent aujourd'hui incontestablement un élément important de la société de consommation. Le nombre de marques ne cesse d'augmenter, créant ainsi une confusion dans l'esprit des consommateurs, et représentant autant de difficultés et de défis pour les entreprises. Chaque année, les entreprises consacrent des sommes importantes à la gestion de leur marque afin quelle soit connue et présente dans l'esprit des consommateurs. Ceci nous a conduits à s'intéresser aux problématiques liées à la construction et à la conservation d'un fort capital-marque pour une firme. Le capital-marque est fortement influencé par des bénéfices symboliques ou intangibles. La marque n'est plus un objet. Les activités de marketing confèrent à la marque une personnalité, une âme. Grâce à cela, la marque devient un partenaire dans la relation avec les consommateurs. Cette thèse se focalise sur la recherche de l'effet de la personnalité de la marque et de la congruence de la personnalité marque-consommateur sur le capital-marque. Elle étudie les valeurs qu'un fort capital-marque peut apporter à la firme par la construction et le maintien d'une bonne relation avec les consommateurs. Toutes nos études expérimentales ont été mises en œuvre au Vietnam. Les résultats obtenus proposent des contributions théoriques afin de mieux comprendre la nature de la relation mutuelle entre le capital-marque et la relation interpersonnelle marque-consommateur. Ils apportent des contributions méthodologiques, relative à la création d'une échelle de mesure de la personnalité de la marque et d'une échelle de mesure du capital-marque dans le contexte vietnamien. Ils fournissent des apports managériaux importants aux entreprises qui veulent commercialiser leurs produits sur le marché vietnamien.
225

The development and empirical evaluation of an work engagement structural model

Van Deventer, Megan 04 1900 (has links)
Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Work Engagement is one construct of many that forms part of the complex nomological network of constructs underlying the behaviour of working man2. Work Engagement is an important construct both from an individual as well as from an organisational perspective. Human resource management interventions aimed at enhancing Work Engagement aspire to contribute to the achievement of the organisation’s primary objective and the well-being of the organisation’s employees. Such interventions will most likely also be valued by individuals within the workplace, as individuals will be able to experience a sense of personal fulfilment through self-expression at work. It is therefore essential to gain a valid understanding of the Work Engagement construct and the psychological mechanism that underpins it, in order to design human resource interventions that will successfully enhance Work Engagement. The current study raises the question why variance in Work Engagement exists amongst different employees working in different organisational contexts. The research objective of the current study is to develop and empirically test an explanatory Work Engagement structural model that will provide a valid answer to this question. In this study, a comprehensive Work Engagement structural model was proposed. An ex post facto correlational design with structural equation modelling (SEM) as the statistical analysis technique was used to test the substantive research hypotheses as represented by the Work Engagement structural model. Furthermore, the current study tested two additional narrow-focus structural models describing the impact of value congruence on Work Engagement by using an ex post facto correlational design with polynomial regression as the statistical analysis technique. A convenience sample of 227 teachers working in public sector schools falling under the jurisdiction of the Western Cape Education Department (WCED) participated in the study. The comprehensive Work Engagement model achieved reasonable close fit. Support was found for all of the hypothesised theoretical relationships in the Work Engagement structural model, except for the influence of the PsyCap*Job Characteristics interaction effect on Meaningfulness and for three of the five latent polynomial regression terms added in the model in an attempt to derive response surface test values. The response surface analyses findings were mixed. Based on the obtained results, meaningful practical recommendations were derived. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Werkverbintenis1 is een van ‘n groot verskeidenheid konstrukte wat deel vorm van die komplekse nomologiese netwerk van konstrukte wat die gedrag van die arbeidende mens onderlê. Werkverbintenis word as ‘n belangrike konstruk beskou vanuit ‘n individuele sowel as vanuit ‘n organisatoriese perspektief. Menslike hulpbronbestuurs-intervensies gerig op die bevordering van Werkverbintenis streef daarna om by te dra tot die bereiking van die organisasie se primêre doel sowel as tot die welstand van die organisasie se werknemers. Sodanige intervensies sal waarskynlik ook deur werknemers waardeer word, aangesien sodanige intervensies die kanse verhoog dat individue selfvervulling in hul werk sal ervaar omdat die werk hul die geleentheid bied om hulself in hul werk uit te leef. Dit is gevolglik noodsaaklik om ‘n geldige begrip te ontwikkel van die Werkverbintenis-konstruk en die sielkundige meganisme wat dit onderlê ten einde menslike hulpronbestuurs-intervensies te ontwerp wat suksesvol Werkverbintenis sal bevorder. Die huidige studie stel die vraag aan die orde waarom variansie in Werkverbintenis tussen verskillende werknemers bestaan wat in verskillende organisatoriese kontekste werk. Die navorsingsdoelstelling van die huidige studie is om ‘n verklarende Werkverbintenisstrukturele model te ontwikkel en te toets wat ‘n geldige antwoord op hierdie vraag sal bied. ‘n Omvattende Werkverbintenis strukturele model is in hierdie studie voorgestel. ‘n Ex post facto korrelatiewe ontwerp met strukturele vergelykingsmodellering (SVM) as die statistiese ontledingstegniek is gebruik om die substantiewe navorsingshipotese soos voorgestel deur die Werkverbintenis strukturele model te toets. Die huidige studie het voorts twee addisionele nouer-fokus strukturele modelle getoets wat die impak van waardekongruensie op Werkverbintenis beskryf deur middel van ‘n ex post facto korrelatiewe ontwerp met polinomiese regressie-ontleding as statistiese ontledingstegniek. ‘n Geriefsteekproef van 227 onderwysers wat in openbare skole werksaam is wat onder die beheer van die Wes Kaapse Department van Onderwys val (WKDO) het aan die studie deelgeneem. Die omvattende Werkverbintenis-model het redelik goeie pasgehalte getoon. Steun is gevind vir all die voorgestelde teoretiese verwantskappe in die Werkverbintenis strukturele model, behalwe vir die invloed van die Sielkundige kapitaal*Werk eienskappe-interaksie-effek op Betekenisvolheid en vir drie van die vyf polinomiese latente regressie-terme wat in die model ingesluit is in ‘n poging om responsoppervlakte-waardes af te lei. Gemengde resultate is verkry vir die responsoppervlakte-ontleding. Betekenisvolle praktiese aanbevelings is gemaak op grond van die navorsingsresultate.
226

Improvement of Sustainability by Vertical Supply Chain Collaboration at Logistics Service Providers : - A Multiple Case Study

Heuer, Malte, Joly, Malo January 2018 (has links)
Background: Today’s organizations operate in a competitive and dynamic business environment in which the attainment of economic, social and environmental sustainability targets has become crucial for firms. Supply chain collaboration is considered as a strategic issue for the fulfillment of these targets. Thus, studies on supply chain collaboration for sustainability have increased, especially for manufacturing firms. However, there is a lack of research of the perspective of logistics service providers in this context, requesting scientific investigations. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to explore vertical supply chain collaboration between logistics service providers and their partners with regards to improving economic, environmental and social sustainability at logistics service providers. Method: Within this multiple case study and a deductive research approach, qualitative data from three logistics service providers is gathered by conducting interviews and analyzed. Firstly, each individual case is investigated by using an explanation building, and thereafter compared and generalized by means of a cross-case analysis. Findings and Conclusion: Considering the improvement of sustainability at logistics service providers, the research reveals that economic, environmental and social sustainability can be improved by vertical supply chain collaboration jointly conducted by logistics service providers and their key suppliers as well as key customers. However, strong interdependencies between the three sustainability dimensions are noticeable as they overlap in-between. Besides, the findings indicate that the executed vertical supply chain collaboration practices mostly have the potential to improve economic sustainability at logistics service providers. Environmental and social sustainability are less improved or sometimes even negatively affected.
227

Creating a common business logic : A case study about strategic congruence and integrated control at Tekniska verken in Linköping AB

Thanhäuser, Marc, Lindblad, Emanuel January 2018 (has links)
Background – The energy sector is experiencing instability and energy companies must embrace more flexible structures and strategic initiatives to remain relevant. Purpose – To gain understanding about the challenges with implementing strategic congruence and integrated control in umbrella organizations and how their interplay can contribute to achieving a common business logic. Methodology – In the scope of a single case study, we conducted 20 interviews on corporate, business and functional level at Tekniska verken in Linköping AB. The ‘tentative model’ of Nilsson and Rapp (2005) was re-assessed to examine a common business logic. Findings – Our empirical findings indicated that the businesses of umbrella organizations can be diverse while simultaneously being congruent. When addressing strategic congruence, it is challenging because transparent communication and collaboration between business areas as well as optimizing organizational structures and designing clear responsibility areas is difficult to achieve. Regarding integrated control, it is not easy to realize because the corporate plan needs wide acceptance and breaking down complex content to the business areas is challenging. Not to mention that a common frame of reference regarding terminology and alike control standards requires high commitment.
228

Målkongruens vid otydlighet på svenska lärosäten : En kvalitativ studie om svenska lärosätens interna kommunikation av otydliga mål / Goal Congruence of ambiguities in Swedish universities

Bergenudd, Amanda, Danell, Louise January 2018 (has links)
Issue: Swedish institutions of higher education experiences higher pressure from the surrounding society to follow development and continuously renew themselves. As an example of government owned organisations that are complex, decentralised and professional, organisations such as universities, are working towards unclear and vague goals. Conditions that could worsen the potential of achieving goal congruence, which is considered critical for all organisations, there for prevails. According to previous research internal communication is critical under these conditions. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide in-depth knowledge of how Swedish institutions work with internal communication of unclear goals and how the internal communication of unclear goals affects the organization's goal congruence. Conclusion: What was identified as interesting is that in spite of lack of internal communication goal congruence could prevail in the studied organisation. Since management chooses not to clarify goals they give each member of the organisation an opportunity to relate, interpret and work towards the goal in their own way. A viewpoint affected by the organisational structure of universities as decentralised and professional organisations. Through having unclear goals in this type of organisations goal congruence can prevail even without a well functioning internal communication. Knowledge Contributions: The results of this study disprove previous research that of internal communication is critical for goal congruence when having unclear goals. The results can be generalised to other organisations in similar context and conditions as the studied organisation, but first and foremost to other universities as complex, decentralised and professional organizations with unclear goals. / Problemställning: Svenska lärosäten möter allt högre krav från det omgivande samhället att följa samhällsutvecklingen och förnya sig. Som exempel på statliga myndigheter är lärosäten komplexa, decentraliserade och professionella organisationer som arbetar mot otydligt och vagt formulerade mål. Därmed råder förutsättningar som har potential att försämra organisationens målkongruens, något som anses viktigt för att alla organisationer ska nå sina mål. Tidigare forskning visar på intern kommunikation blir kritisk under dessa förhållanden. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att bidra med fördjupad kunskap om hur svenska lärosäten arbetar med intern kommunikationen av otydliga mål och hur den interna kommunikationen av otydliga mål påverkar organisationens målkongruens. Slutsats: Det som identifierades intressant är att trots bristande intern kommunikation så råder målkongruens. Ledningen väljer att inte tydliggöra mål för att ge medarbetare en möjlighet att förhålla sig, tolka och arbeta med målet på sitt sätt. Ett synsätt som påverkas av att lärosäten är decentraliserade och professionella organisationer. Genom att ha just otydliga mål i denna typ av organisationer kan därför målkongruens råda även utan en väl fungerande intern kommunikation av målet. Kunskapsbidrag: De resultat som den här studien visar på motbevisar tidigare forskning om att intern kommunikation är kritisk för målkongruens vid otydliga mål. Resultaten kan generaliseras till andra organisationer med liknande förutsättningar och kontext som den undersökta organisationen. Då i första hand till andra svenska lärosäten som komplexa, decentraliserade och professionella organisationer med otydliga mål.
229

A influência do marketing relacionado à causa social na atitude, na imagem e na intenção de compra de uma marca

Uehara, Cyntia Agelune 20 July 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Cyntia Uehara (cyntia_uehara@hotmail.com) on 2017-08-18T12:49:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 20170817DissertacaoMestrado_CyntiaUehara.pdf: 1589421 bytes, checksum: a022fcd5fcac3b989f39359bfd1f9b1c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2017-08-18T12:55:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 20170817DissertacaoMestrado_CyntiaUehara.pdf: 1589421 bytes, checksum: a022fcd5fcac3b989f39359bfd1f9b1c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-18T14:19:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 20170817DissertacaoMestrado_CyntiaUehara.pdf: 1589421 bytes, checksum: a022fcd5fcac3b989f39359bfd1f9b1c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-20 / Brands that promote actions focused on social issues hope to convey to consumers their position on corporate social responsibility (CSR) in order to improve their evaluation with this public. However, the use of these actions may not cause the desired effect, either by the consumer's distrust of such activities or by the individual's lack of sensitivity to the subject. The effect of these actions may suffer interference from other aspects related to consumer profile and knowledge about products and brands, for example. In this way, this study investigated by a factorial experiment between subjects the effect of the Cause Related Marketing (CRM) the reaction of the consumers regarding the perceived image of the brand, the attitude towards the brand and the intention to purchase the brand that adopts CRM. Were tested brands already on the market of products considered harmful to health (soft drinks) by the World Health Organization and products considered as beneficial to health (mineral water) supporting the cause ‘nutritional re-education’. Familiarity with the brands, high and low, was also evaluated in the study. An experiment was conducted with 480 Brazilian consumers of both sexes, who had income above 1 minimum wage, aged between 18 and 60 years and who had attended at least high school, in order to reflect the actual buying behavior. This study also verified the relationship between consumer skepticism as well as the congruence of the social cause with the brand and the attitude, image and intention to buy. The choice of brands was based on the knowledge and frequency of use that the consumer has with these product types, which makes possible the external validity of the experiment. The data were analyzed by means of averages test and also by linear regression. The results of the experiment point out that the CRM shows greater adherence to brands with low familiarity and beneficial health products. Highly familiar brands did not show significant changes in consumer assessment and the health products of low familiar brands achieved an improvement in attitude, image and purchase intent when tied to an CRM campaign. A positive and significant relationship was also identified between skepticism and congruence in the consumer's attitude and the intention to buy the brand, however, a significant influence on the brand image was not perceived. / Marcas que promovem ações voltadas às questões sociais esperam transmitir aos consumidores seu posicionamento em relação à responsabilidade social corporativa (RSC) visando melhorar sua avaliação junto a este público. Todavia, o uso dessas ações podem não causar o efeito desejado, tanto pela desconfiança que o consumidor nutre em relação a essas atividades, quanto pela falta de sensibilidade do indivíduo a esse tema. O efeito destas ações pode sofrer interferência de outros aspectos relacionados ao perfil do consumidor e conhecimento sobre produtos e marcas, por exemplo. Desta forma, este estudo investigou por meio de um experimento fatorial entre sujeitos o efeito do Marketing Relacionado à Causa Social (MRC) na reação dos consumidores quanto à imagem percebida da marca, à atitude em relação à marca e à intenção de compra da marca que adota MRC. Foram testadas marcas já existentes no mercado de produtos considerados prejudiciais à saúde (refrigerantes) pela Organização Mundial da Saúde e de produtos tidos como benéficos à saúde (água mineral) apoiando a causa ‘reeducação alimentar’. A familiaridade com as marcas, alta e baixa, também foi avaliada no estudo. Foi conduzido experimento com 480 consumidores brasileiros de ambos os sexos, que possuíam renda acima de 1 salário mínimo, idade entre 18 e 60 anos e que tivessem cursado pelo menos o ensino médio, com o intuito de refletir o real comportamento de compra. Esse estudo verificou também a relação entre o ceticismo do consumidor bem como a congruência da causa social com a marca e a atitude, a imagem e a intenção de compra. A escolha das marcas tomou como base o conhecimento e a frequência de uso que o consumidor tem com esses tipos produtos, o que possibilita maior validade externa do experimento. Os dados foram analisados por meio de teste de médias e também por regressão linear. Os resultados do experimento apontam que o MRC apresenta maior aderência para marcas de baixa familiaridade e para produtos benéficos à saúde. Marcas de alta familiaridade não apresentaram mudanças significativas na avaliação do consumidor e os produtos prejudiciais à saúde de marcas de baixa familiaridade obtiveram uma melhora na atitude, na imagem e na intenção de compra ao ser atrelada a uma campanha de MRC. Foi identificada também uma relação positiva e significativa entre o ceticismo e a congruência na atitude do consumidor e na intenção de comprar a marca, todavia, não se percebeu uma influência significativa sobre a imagem da marca.
230

Aplicação do teste de congruência global e análise geométrica para detecção de deslocamentos em redes geodésicas: estudo de caso na UHE de Itaipu. / Application of global congruency test and geometric analysis for detection of displacements in geodetic networks: a case study in the itaipu dam.

Jardel Aparecido Fazan 16 April 2010 (has links)
Grandes estruturas, sejam elas naturais ou artificiais, estão sujeitas a variações, em suas dimensões e posição, no espaço e no tempo. O monitoramento de estruturas está diretamente ligado com a segurança das mesmas, pois o colapso de uma estrutura artificial ou movimentação de estruturas naturais podem causar perdas econômicas, impactar o meio ambiente e ceifar vidas. Neste sentido o foco deste trabalho é aplicar a tecnologia GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) e redes geodésicas no monitoramento de estruturas. Para confirmar a ocorrência de deslocamentos utilizou-se o Teste de Congruência Global. Durante o desenvolvimento do trabalho foi proposto um método designado por Análise Geométrica, para fornecer indicação de possíveis deslocamentos. A metodologia proposta nesta pesquisa foi aplicada no monitoramento da barragem da Usina Hidrelétrica de Itaipu e pilares da sua rede de trilateração. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foram realizadas quatro campanhas de observações. Os dados de cada campanha foram processados para determinar vetores, que posteriormente participaram de ajustamento vetorial pelo Método dos Mínimos Quadrados, para cada época de levantamento. O ajustamento forneceu coordenadas dos pontos da rede e a matriz variânvia-covariância, para cada época de observação. Estas informações foram combinadas duas a duas para aplicar a Análise Geométrica e o Teste de Congruência Global. Os resultados dos dois métodos de teste apresentaram boa correlação entre si e indicaram possíveis deslocamentos em pontos da rede de referência de monitoramento por trilateração e pontos da barragem. / Natural or artificial large structures are subjected to variations in their dimensions and position, in space and time. Structures monitoring is directly attended with their security, since the collapse of an artificial structure or displacement of natural structures can cause economic loss, impact the environment and cause the death of people. Hence, the aim of this study is to apply GNSS technologie (Global Navigation Satellite System) and geodetic networks in structures monitoring. In order to confirm the occurrence of the displacements the Global Congruence Test was employed. During the development of this study it was proposed a method so-called Geometric Analisys, to indicate possible displacements. The methodologie proposed in this research was applied to Itaipu hydro-electric power station and its trilateration networks. GNSS data was surveyed in four campaings. Data from each campaing were processed to determine vectors, which were posteriorly adjusted by means of the least squares method, for each survey epoch. The adjustment provided the coordinates of the network vertices and the covariance matrix, for each observation epoch. These informations were combined two by two to apply the Geometrical Analisys and the Global Congruence Test. Results from both test methods show good agreement and indicate possible displacements in vertices of the monitoring reference network and in object points of the dam.

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