The Kaiparowits Coal Development and Transportation study resulted from an agreement made by the Secretary of the Interior and Governor Scott Matheson of Utah for a cooperative study by the Department of the Interior and the State of Utah to review the issues raised by potential mining and transportation of coal from the Kaiparowits Plateau. The product of this study was a regional planning document. Information developed provided a foundation to help the state and Federal land managers address important policy questions. The study helped the Department of the Interior, state, and local agencies, and the general public understand basic issues such as whether designation of rail or slurry transportation corridors would conflict with National Park or other Federal land management policies. The study stimulated participating agencies to perform their own analyses of these questions. The study did not look at issues related to mine -mouth use of Kaiparowits coal or economic feasibility of Kaiparowits coal development. Any such questions were addressed in site - specific environmental impact statements resulting from mine development or transportation rights -of -way applications to BLM, the Office of Surface Mining (OSM), and other agencies. Federal and state land managers used this report to make a preliminary assessment of the acceptability of impacts and identify mitigation measures or management steps that could be considered. It should be noted that the issue of need for coal development on the Kaiparowits Plateau was not addressed as a part of this study. Present and future demands for coal, potential coal markets, and alternative coal sources in the western United States were not included in the scope of this study as it was defined by the Department of the Interior. The study also provided new environmental analyses (including trade -offs and residual impacts) specifically directed at coal transportation via various planning corridor alternatives.

These photos are provided in order to more fully illustrate and explain the Zion and Pipe Spring technical report.

This environmental assessment document has been prepared pursuant to the requirements of Section 102 (2)(c) of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969 (PL 91 -190, 42 USC 4321 et. seq.), Tide V of the Airport and Airway Improvement Act of 1982 (PL 97 -248, as amended by the Airport Safety and Capacity Act of 1987), and other laws as applicable. The format and subject matter included in this report conform to the requirements and standards set forth by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) as contained principally in Order 5050.4A, Airport Environmental Handbook, but also addresses appropriate items in FAA Order 1050.1 D, Policies and Procedures for Considering Environmental Impacts.

The traditional lands of the Southern Paiute people are bounded by more than 600 miles of Piapaxa (Colorado River) from the Kaiparowits Plateau in the north to Blythe, California in the south. According to traditional beliefs, Southern Paiute people were created in this traditional land and, through this creation, the Creator gave Paiute people a special supernatural responsibility to protect and manage this land including its water and natural resources. Puaxantu Tuvip (sacred land) is the term that refers to traditional ethnic territory. Within these lands no place was more special than Piapaxa 'uipi (Big River Canyon) where the Colorado River cuts through the Grand Canyon.

This report concludes the first four years (1992 -1995) of Southern Paiute involvement in the Glen Canyon Environmental Studies (GCES), a program initiated by the Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) in 1982. Southern Paiutes have conducted ethnographic research and participated in the Congressionally mandated Environmental Impact Study (EIS) of Glen Canyon Dam water release policies on natural and human-made resources found in the Colorado River Corridor. These ethnographic studies have taken place in what is called the Colorado River Corridor which extends 255 miles down stream from Glen Canyon Dam to the end of the free flowing river at Separation Canyon within the Grand Canyon National Park. They have concentrated on investigating the impacts of the Dam's water releases to Southern Paiute cultural resources. Since the Final EIS was published in March 1995, emphasis has been placed on what is called the Adaptive Management Program of the GCES and attention has shifted to monitoring the water release impacts.

This dissertation is a qualitative investigation into Navajo citizen opinion on the need and form of a federal-tribal co-management model for sacred lands held in federal stewardship. The central question in this inquiry is, are co-management agreements appropriate for sacred landscapes management, and if so, how would they work? In other words, what are the issues, fundamental elements and core values of a "best-practices" sacred lands co-management model? This question is important because Native sacred lands protection and access are essential to reinforcing cultural identity and well-being, and revitalizing tribal communities. Across the United States, these places are being desecrated or destroyed at an alarming rate by commercial enterprise, public recreation, and political indifference. Native Peoples are also denied access to sacred sites for traditional subsistence or ceremonial purposes. This neglect of traditional Native cultural values in sacred lands management is referred to in this analysis as the "Indigenous values gap." Navajo response is focused on three Diné sacred landscapes, the Dinétah in northwest New Mexico, and the San Francisco Peaks and Canyon de Chelly, both located in northeast Arizona. These are large, multi-jurisdictional resources that are critical to Navajo culture and religion, and are currently under physical or legal threat. Navajo citizens in this inquiry generally agree that sacred lands co-management agreements between the Navajo Nation and federal agencies are desirable as instruments that can formalize the "practice" of genuine power-sharing relative to the management of cultural property. They also agree that co-management is not yet practical as a governance structure and philosophy until the Federal Government changes its perspective toward sharing management decisions with a Native nation. Navajo citizens also argue that comanagement is not practical until the Navajo Nation builds the capable institutions and sacred lands management vision on which to base co-management agreement development and implementation. The community development concepts of the Harvard Nation-Building model are central to building effective sacred lands management plans and co-management regimes. A "best-practices" model of sacred lands co-management blends the sacred principles of the Navajo doctrine of hozho with the secular principles of property rights, protected areas, and nation-building.

Kaimo bendruomenių plėtros nuostatos kinta vis labiau ryškėjant tendencijoms kuo racionaliau panaudoti vietinius gamtos ir kultūros išteklius. Todėl atliktas tyrimas Plungės rajono kaimo vietovėje padėjo identifikuoti svarbiausius vietos gyventojų poreikius, atsižvelgiant į ekonominius, gamtinius ir kultūrinius faktorius. Respondentai pažymi, kad turi bendravimo problemų, dažnai būna neįdomus, neįvairus kultūrinis gyvenimas, nedraugiški žmonių tarpusavio santykiai. Šios problemos labai įtakoja visą kaimo kultūrą ir jo dvasinį paveldą. Magistro darbe pateikiamas kaimo aplinkos, paslaugų, kaimo problemų įvertinimas, gamtos ir kultūros paveldo Plungės rajone apžvalga ir jų panaudojimo galimybės kaimo bendruomenių plėtrai, bendruomenių projektiniai sumanymai. Darbo pabaigoje pateikiamos išvados, kuriose pabrėžiama projektų, integruojančių įvairius kaimo bendruomenių poreikius, tinkamai panaudojant gamtos ir kultūros išteklius, įgyvendinimo svarba. Kaimo bendruomenių plėtra priklauso nuo tinkamo gamtos ir kultūros išteklių panaudojimo. / Attitudes towards rural communities development have been experiencing changes, which reveal a tendency of using local natural and cultural resources more effectively. For this purpose a research carried out in a settlement in Plungė district helped the authors of the paper identify the main needs of the local residents in terms of economic, natural and cultural factors. Respondents stressed that it is difficult to come into social contacts, often cultural life is uneventful and monotonous, relations among the people lack friendliness. The evaluation of the rural environment, services and problems is given in the master’s work, the natural and cultural heritage in Plungė district has been overviewed and plans for future undertakings by local community have been outlined. Provided conclusions stress the importance of the implementation of such projects which integrate different needs of rural communities and integrate natural and cultural resources. Development of the rural communities depend on the best using of the natural and cultural resources.

<p> Using a memory archaeology paradigm, this dissertation explored from 2010 to 2012 the ways people used place-based narratives to create and maintain the sacredness of four historic battlefields in Montana: Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument; Nez Perce National Historical Park- Bear Paw Battlefield; Nez Perce National Historical Park- Big Hole National Battlefield; and Rosebud Battlefield State Park. This research implemented a mixed-methods approach of four data sources: historical research about on-site interpretation and land management of the battlefields; participant observations conducted during height of tourism season for each battlefield; 1,056 questionnaires administered to park visitors; and 32 semi-structured interviews with park personnel. Before formulating hypotheses to test, a preliminary literature review was conducted on three battlefields (Culloden, Fallen Timbers, and Isandlwana) for any observable patterns concerning the research domain. </p><p> This dissertation tested two hypotheses to explain potential patterns at the four battlefields in Montana related to on-site interpretation of primary sources, the sacred perception of battlefields, and the maintenance and expression of place-based cultural heritages and historical knowledge. The first hypothesis examined whether park visitors and personnel perceived these American Indian battlefields as nationally significant or if other heritage values associated with the place-based interpretation of the sacred landscapes were more important. Although park visitors and personnel overall perceived the battlefields as nationally important, they also strongly expressed other heritage values. The second hypothesis examined whether battlefield visitors who made pilgrimages to attend or participate in official on-site commemorations had stronger place-based connections for cultural heritage or historical knowledge reasons than other visitors. Overall, these commemoration pilgrims had stronger connections to the battlefields than other park visitors. </p><p> Closer comparisons of the four battlefields demonstrated that they had both similar patterns and unique aspects of why people maintained these landscapes as sacred places.</p>

<p> There is a distinct possibility there may be many people of color who are in leadership positions or applying for leadership positions that believe racial stereotyping creates barriers for opportunity and can hinder one's chances for success. The purpose of this research is to explore strategies used by leaders of color to overcome the threat of racial stereotyping in the Las Vegas hospitality and gaming industry, as it pertains to barriers, opportunities, and success. There are four research questions the researcher explored through leadership, strategies, assimilation and performance. The sample size consisted of twelve leaders of color in the Las Vegas hospitality and gaming industry. Leaders of color were defined as African-American, males and females, and Hispanic-American, males and females. The researcher utilized qualitative interviews as the primary instrument and chose a semi-structured interview format. The researcher asked predetermined questions while still exercising the freedom to seek clarification with follow up and improvised questions. The twelve interviewees were asked seven questions relevant to the four research questions to provide an in-depth analysis. The results of this study concluded that leaders of color have cultivated strategies to overcome the threat of racial stereotyping in the workplace. Although each leader of color in this study had never officially chronicled a professional strategy that is in direct correlation with the threat of racial stereotyping, all of the leaders have been living by a subliminal game plan that is either reactive, proactive or both. The leaders of color in this study were given, and took advantage of the opportunity to disclose what works for him or her in respect to their existence, relationships, and motivation to overcome the threat of racial stereotyping in their respected workplaces.</p>

The United States is a nation founded upon a maritime heritage that allowed for the early colonies to form, trade, expand their frontiers and defend themselves. The material remains of this legacy are dispersed across the continent in inland waters, along coasts, and in the depths of the sea. This dissertation aims at presenting a structural overview and assessment of efforts designed at preserving, enhancing, and learning from the material remains of this maritime heritage. The study reviews national and state laws and regulations that apply to such resources, which together create a mosaic of preservation mandates. Discussion of the legal framework is enhanced through incorporation of current issues and examples, and leads to a better understanding of the research element of the study based on a maritime heritage questionnaire distributed to over 100 organizations nationwide. The maritime heritage questionnaire serves as the fundamental original research component of the dissertation, and through it this overview incorporates input from organizations in the public sector, universities, museums, non-profit organizations, avocational groups, and cultural resource management firms. These diverse perspectives offer insights into the current state of the field, identify legislative or other gaps, and suggest areas where efforts need to be redoubled in order to preserve the nation's tangible connection with its maritime past. Together, the legislative overview and professional stakeholder input lead to a set of proposals through which the preservation of the nation's submerged and coastal maritime heritage resources can be enhanced.