Le déploiement du nouveau management public et ses instruments de gestion, ne sont pas nécessairement synonymes du développement de l'évaluation des politiques. Ils tendent plutôt à s'y substituer. Cette recherche analyse l'institutionnalisation de l'évaluation des politiques, indépendamment de contraintes descendantes, à l'échelle d'une organisation. Partant du cas de la Caisse d'Allocations Familiales de la Gironde, elle interroge pourquoi et comment l'évaluation est institutionnalisée dans une organisation et les effets qu'elle produit. L'évaluation de politiques constitue une norme floue qui fait l'objet d'appropriations et d'usages stratégiques par ses protagonistes. Elle prend forme à travers le travail institutionnel des acteurs qui l'investissent parce qu'ils y trouvent un intérêt. Ils en négocient les normes et les usages, contribuant ainsi à définir la nature du changement qu'elle introduit dans les relations sociales et la conduite de l'action publique. Ces acteurs donnent sens et consistance à l'évaluation par la pratique dans la durée, en fonction de la structure sociale, organisationnelle et politique dans laquelle ils s'inscrivent. / New public management policies and its instruments do not necessarily go hand in hand with the development of policy evaluation, and tend in fact to replace it.

The Thesis analyses modern trends in the management of Public Administration in Czech Republic. The reforms and changes in Public Administration are supported by the implementation of management tools and tools focused on quality of Administration. These tools, including elements of corporate governance and some principles of private sector market, aims to improve and make the Public Service more effective. New Public Management (NPM) can be considered as a general name for the tools and for the concept of the Management of Public Administration, in particular meaning the principles of Process Management, the Balanced Scorecard (BSC), Benchmarking, the Common Assessment Framework and other methods and tools based on the models of TQM and EFQM. The practical part of the thesis contains the surveys and evaluation of the efficiency of the above mentioned models by the Regional Authority and selected municipalities, including their strengthts and weaknesses.

This thesis is dedicated to modern management approaches to Public Sector organizations with a special focus on projects of Public Private Partnership. This topic is one of the latest issues not only in the Czech Republic but also in numerous European countries. The public sector and its organizations are going through total modernization in these countries. This results in higher quality and more effective Public Services for citizens. I view this problem from 2 perspectives and ask the following questions which reflect the main hypothesis of this thesis: which modern approaches (tools, methods) are the most often used (intended to be used) including their contributions to higher quality and more effective management of organizations of municipalities in the Czech Republic, how is the principle of Public Private Partnership perceived and used in organizations of municipalities in the Czech Republic (Water sector) including barriers which hinder its use. It has been proven that for achieving higher quality and more effective results in the Public Sector, it is not only suitable but even systematically necessary to use modern tools of organization and management. These tools are nowadays commonly applied in the Public Sector. At the same time it has also been proven that Public Private Partnership can significantly support management in the Public Sector through its own implementation of modern tools. Further widening the use of modern tools of management and cooperation between the Public and the Private Sector is sustained through the spreading of knowledge. This is based on sharing ?good praxis?, transparent legislation and appropriate (procedural) methodology for implementation.

This master´s thesis deals with the evaluation of the company´s performance. The first part consists of theoretical concepts such as a quality and performance. It is also focused on the evaluation and measuring instruments of the performance. In the analytical part the company is presented and also its key competitors. The complex analysis of the company is carried out by means of evaluation, multiple criteria-based on the model of the Quality Council of the Czech Republic, model Start Plus. There are also scored various criteria of the model, there are determined strengths and areas for improvement and on the basis there are described suggestions for the improvement.

<p>I collected two types of data throughout Weeks 1-14, with the original purpose of enhancing teaching and learning in ENGL620. The data included weekly assignment recordings and weekly surveys.</p><p>The primary data were students' speech data, which were collected through 14 weekly timed speaking assessments conducted from Week 1 to Week 14. These assignments were made available on Monday at midnight and were required to be completed and submitted by Sunday at midnight). The assignments were delivered, and responses were collected using Extempore (<a href="http://www.extemporeapp.com/" target="_blank">www.extemporeapp.com</a>), a website specifically designed to support oral English assessment and practice.</p><p>To conduct more comprehensive assessments of students’ performances, I incorporated two OEPT item types into the weekly assignments, including PROS and CONS (referred to as “PC”) and LINE GRAPH (referred to as “LG”). See Appendix B for the assignment items. The PC item presented challenging scenarios ITAs may encounter and required the test-takers to make a decision and discuss the pros and cons associated with the decision. An example item is “<i>Imagine you have a student who likes to come to your office hours but often talks about something irrelevant to the course. What would you do in this situation? What are the pros and cons associated with the decision?</i>”. The LG item asked students to describe a line graph illustrating two or three lines and provide possible reasons behind those trends. It can be argued that the two tasks targeted slightly different language abilities and background knowledge. The two item types were selected because they represented two key skills that the OEPT tests. The PC task focused on stating one’s decision and presenting an argument within a personal context, while the LG item assessed students’ ability to describe visual information and engage in discussions about broader topics such as gender equality, employment, economic growth, college policy. The PC and LG items are the most difficult items in the test (Yan et al., 2019). Therefore, progress in the two tasks can be a good indicator of improvement in the speaking skills required in this context. All the items were either taken from retired OEPT items or developed by the researcher following the specifications for OEPT item development. In particular, the design of the items aimed to avoid assuming prior specific knowledge and to ensure that students could discuss them without excessive cognitive load.</p><p>For each task, the students were allocated 2 minutes for preparation and a maximum of 2 minutes to deliver their response to the assigned topic. The responses were monologic, resembling short classroom presentations. During the preparation time, the participants were permitted to take notes. Each item only allowed for one attempt, which aimed to capture students’ online production of speech and their utilization of language resources. Table 2 presents the descriptive statistics of the responses.</p><p>The PC prompt was deliberately kept consistent for Week 2 and Week 12 randomly selected as time points at the beginning and end of the semester. This deliberate choice of using the same prompt at these two distinct stages serves multiple purposes. Firstly, it provides a valuable perspective for analyzing growth over time. This approach adds depth to the study results and conclusions by providing additional evidence and triangulation. Second, this approach addresses one of the specific challenges identified by Ortega and Iberr-Shea (2005) in studies involving multiple data collection points, as maintaining consistency in the prompt can minimize potential variations in task difficulty or topic-related factors.</p><p>After completing each speaking assignment, the students were requested to rate the level of difficulty for each item on a scale of 1 (Very Easy) to 5 (Very difficult). Additionally, they were asked to fill out a weekly survey using Qualtrics. The Qualtrics survey contained six questions related to the frequency of their English language use outside of the classroom and their focus on language skills in the previous and upcoming week. These questions were considered interesting as potential contributing factors to changes in their performances throughout the semester. Refer to Appendix C for the survey questions.</p>

Η Εργασιακή Ικανοποίηση αποτελεί τον συνδετικό κρίκο ανάμεσα στις θεωρίες των κινήτρων και την εφαρμογή τους στον εργασιακό χώρο και αποτελεί την πιο μελετημένη μεταβλητή στο εργασιακό γίγνεσθαι. Συνοπτικά η επαγγελματική ικανοποίηση μπορεί να περιγραφεί ως ένα σύνολο στάσεων που οι εργαζόμενοι έχουν απέναντι στη δουλειά τους, ή ως μια ψυχολογική προδιάθεση που περιλαμβάνει πολλές επιμέρους στάσεις και συναισθήματα για διάφορες όψεις της εργασίας (Schultz, 1982). Σκοπός της διατριβής είναι η εκτίμηση του βαθμού ικανοποίησης των επαγγελματιών υγείας από την εργασία τους και η ανάδειξη των παραγόντων εκείνων που την επηρεάζουν. Το δείγμα αποτελείται από 572 εργαζομένους των δημόσιων νοσοκομείων της Περιφέρειας Πελοποννήσου όλων των κατηγοριών ιατροί, νοσηλευτές, καθώς και διοικητικό, τεχνικό, βοηθητικό και παραϊατρικό προσωπικό. Τα δεδομένα συλλέχθηκαν με τη μέθοδο του δομημένου ερωτηματολογίου για την περίοδο 2006. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι η ηλικία και το επίπεδο εκπαίδευσης είναι οι πρωταρχικοί παράγοντες οι οποίοι επηρεάζουν την υποκειμενική αντίληψη για την ικανοποίηση των επαγγελματιών υγείας από την εργασία τους. Επιπλέον, περισσότερο συνολικά ικανοποιημένοι είναι οι άνδρες, οι εργαζόμενοι υποχρεωτικής εκπαίδευσης και το βοηθητικό προσωπικό. Μικρότερη ικανοποίηση φαίνεται να βιώνουν οι γυναίκες, οι κάτοχοι μεταπτυχιακού τίτλου και το διοικητικό και νοσηλευτικό προσωπικό. Τα θέματα τα οποία αναδεικνύονται ως μείζονος σημασίας στη διαμόρφωση του επιπέδου ικανοποίησης από την εργασία είναι (α) η αντίληψη των εργαζομένων για τον οργανισμό και τη θέση απασχόλησής του, (β) η αίσθηση επαγγελματικής επάρκειας και προσφοράς αποτελεσματικού έργου και (γ) η έλλειψη επιβράβευσης της Διοίκησης στις περιπτώσεις αποτελεσματικής απόδοσης. / --

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