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Fingermarks have been used for centuries as a means of determining an individual’s identity and fabrics have long been considered a difficult substrate from which to visualise and collect fingermarks. This study mainly concentrated on vacuum metal deposition (VMD) and cyanoacrylate fuming (CAF), to ascertain whether these methods could visualise planted marks and consequently be used in the examination of clothing from assault cases. Nine different fabrics: cotton, polycotton, polyester, nylon, nylon-Lycra, satin, silk, rayon and linen along with fifteen donors ranging in age, sex and ability to leave fingermarks were used during this work. The donors were previously tested on paper to determine their propensity to leave fingermarks, which gave an indication as to their donor ability level – poor, medium or good. The samples were collected and processed with the appropriate technique after a determined time interval, generally, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, however this was altered for some of the trials. From the results, it was found that both VMD and CAF did visualise marks and ridge detail from latent fingermarks. VMD was found to be the most suitable technique for development of fingermarks on fabric, with gold + zinc VMD best for light coloured fabrics and silver VMD for dark. CAF also visualised several identifiable marks, even with the problems of background fluorescence from the basic yellow 40 (BY40) dye used to visualise the cyanoacrylate (CA) polymer. Generally, it appears that the smoother fabrics with a tighter weave, such as nylon and silk allowed the visualisation of more detail than rougher and/or looser weave fabrics such as cotton and linen. The latter tended only to show empty marks or marks, which gave indications of where the fabric had been touched. However, fabrics that did show marks, even if not suitable for identification, could still give information as to the sequence of events that may have occurred during an assault as well as identifying an area to tape for DNA. It was determined that it was possible to collect DNA from VMD visualised marks which led to partial and full profiles of those who touched and grabbed the test swatches or items of clothing tested. Though both VMD and CAF were affected by the addition of water to the surface of the fabrics being processed, marks and ridge detail were still detected, though CAF was less effective than VMD. With sequential treatment, it appears that the optimum sequence is VMD followed by CAF, due to enhancement of contrast between the metal deposits and BY40 yellow stained background. CAF then VMD only led to extra detail being observed on nylon-Lycra. There was limited success with 1,8-diaza-9-fluorenone (DFO), small particle reagent (SPR), ninhydrin, fluorescent powders or the sputter coater for alternative VMD metals. The production of nanoparticles was unsuccessful; so no fingermark visualisation was attempted. Finally, the issue of ridge detail being obscured by the fabric weave may have been resolved by the use of IR photography or FFT processing. In conclusion, both VMD and CAF are viable processes for the development of fingermark and palm detail on fabric, clothing and textiles. It must be considered however that the donor and fabric being processed greatly affected the level of detail visualised. However, even if ridge detail is not visualised, any marks that are present could indicate a sequence of events or act as an area to target for DNA profiling.

Práce se zabývá možnostmi a metodami řízení kvality v rámci veřejné správy v ČR. Podrobněji dále rozpracovává implementaci modelu CAF v letech 2005-2007 ÚMČ P13.

Submitted by Edileide Reis (leyde-landy@hotmail.com) on 2014-10-15T12:30:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cláudio Ressurreição dos Santos.pdf: 11574757 bytes, checksum: 1ca22b08ad11f06a21d873e37468397f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles (rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2015-05-30T13:56:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Cláudio Ressurreição dos Santos.pdf: 11574757 bytes, checksum: 1ca22b08ad11f06a21d873e37468397f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-30T13:56:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cláudio Ressurreição dos Santos.pdf: 11574757 bytes, checksum: 1ca22b08ad11f06a21d873e37468397f (MD5) / Os objetos dessa pesquisa são o Centro de Abastecimento de Feira de Santana (CAF) e os supermercados da cidade de Feira de Santana – BA, na perspectiva das interações espaciais estruturadas pela rede de comercialização de hortaliças dessa central com os referidos supermercados, os quais demandam uma infinidade de fluxos que extrapolam a dimensão material como circulação de hortaliças que chegam ao CAF, pessoas, meios de transporte. Acrescentam-se os fluxos imateriais de informações como capitais e idéias entre outros. Essa geografia do movimento que envolve o CAF e os supermercados são um dos fatores da dinamicidade das relações comerciais da cidade com repercussões em escalas local, regional e até mesmo nacional. Diante do exposto, foram identificados e analisados os padrões de interações espaciais em redes da comercialização de hortaliças do CAF com os supermercados da cidade. A metodologia utilizada para atingir os objetivos propostos constou das seguintes fases: no primeiro momento, utilizaram-se fontes primárias, com a realização de trabalho de campo, no intuito de obter informações necessárias ao desenvolvimento da pesquisa, a exemplo do georreferenciamento dos pontos de localização de cada supermercado em relação ao CAF, de entrevistas e do preenchimento de formulários com atacadistas dessa central, consumidores e proprietários de supermercados. No que se refere aos dados secundários, procedeuse o levantamento bibliográfico para a revisão da literatura sobre o tema em discussão. Esta pesquisa constatou que a rede de comercialização de hortaliças do CAF supre a quase totalidade dos supermercados com exceção dos grandes estabelecimentos, os quais possuem fontes próprias, criando uma rede paralela de comercialização de hortaliças. Constataram-se, ainda, as seguintes configurações espaciais: padrão de interações em rede solar; padrão de interações em redes influenciadas pela direção; padrão de interação em redes de múltiplos circuitos. Especificamente para os supermercados, verificaram-se padrões em rede axial e a partir de eixos de adensamentos. Verificou-se que as redes de hortaliças do tipo batata-inglesa, chuchu, repolho e tomate demandam interações espaciais mais longínquas, com fontes produtoras da região de Jaguaquara e, recentemente, da Região da Chapada Diamantina. Isto eliminou, em parte, a dependência do CAF em relação às fontes supridoras de fora do estado, como: São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo e Goiás. No que tange às fontes supridoras de alface, coentro ecebolinha, estas se localizam no próprio município, a exemplo do distrito de Humildes, ou em cidades vizinhas a Feira de Santana, como Conceição do Jacuípe e Santo Estêvão.

This diploma thesis deals with the process analysis and documentation of the Czech Trade Inspection Authority, a market surveillance authority in the state administration. The main objective of this thesis is the mapping of operational processes within the organization and identification of their potential weak points. The author of the thesis then proposes ideas for their improvement. The main tool for process analysis is the 5. criterion of the CAF model (Common Assessment Framework), which takes into consideration the specific needs of public administration. The thesis then focuses on the analysis of documentation, tries to find its strengths and weaknesses and finally ideas for its improvement.

Des données récentes montrent que la transition endothélio-mésenchymateuse (ou EndMT) joue un rôle important dans le développement et dans un certain nombre de maladies. L’objectif de ma thèse a été de déterminer la ou les fonctions du récepteur Tie1. Le récepteur Tie1 est un récepteur à activité tyrosine kinase exprimé sur les cellules endothéliales et impliqué dans la maturation des vaisseaux sanguins mais très peu de choses sont connues concernant Tie1. Nous avons montré que l’absence du récepteur Tie1 par ARN interférence dans les cellules endothéliales microvasculaires humaines HMVEC induit une EndMT dans ces cellules. Ces cellules acquièrent un phénotype de cellules fibroblastiques, perdent leurs marqueurs endothéliaux au profit des marqueurs des cellules mésenchymateuses et acquièrent un potentiel migratoire très important. Nous avons déterminé que les voies de transduction Erk1/2, Erk5 et d’Akt étaient activées lors de cette EndMT et montré que l’inhibition de Tie1 induit l’activation du promoteur du gène Slug. Le second objectif était de savoir si l’EndMT était présente dans les tumeurs humaines. L’étude de coupes d’adénocarcinomes pancréatiques montre qu’il y a une co-expression dans certaines cellules des marqueurs à la fois endothéliaux et mésenchymateux signe d’une EndMT. Les résultats obtenus au cours de ma thèse montrent que l’absence de Tie1 dans les cellules endothéliales induit l’EndMT qui peut être à l’origine des CAFs. Ces derniers représentent une nouvelle cible thérapeutique. En effet leur interaction avec les cellules cancéreuses est essentielle pour la croissance de la tumeur et l’apparition de métastases. / Recent data show that Endothelial–mesenchymal transition (EndMT) has a significant role in development and in various pathologies. The goal of my thesis was to determine the functions of the Tie1 receptor (Tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains 1). Tie1 is a receptor with a tyrosine kinase activity expressed on endothelial cells and implicated in blood vessels maturation but few things are known for Tie1. We have showed that suppression of Tie1 with interfering RNA in human endothelial microvascular endothelial cells induces EndMT. These cells acquire a fibroblastic phenotype, lose their endothelial markers in favor of mesenchymal markers and acquire an important migratory potential. We find that Erk1/2, Erk5 and Akt cascades were activated in EndMT and showed that Tie1 inhibition induces Slug promoter activation. The second goal was to know if EndMT occurs in human tumors. Immunochemistry studies with confocal microscopy of pancreatic adenocarcinomas slides showed that there was a co-expression of endothelial and mesenchymal markers in some cells suggesting an EndMT.The results of my thesis show that Tie1 deficiency in endothelial cells induces endothelial-mesenchymal transition which can be at the origin of CAF. These CAF represent a new therapeutic target. Their interactions with cancerous cells are essential for tumor growth and metastasis appearance.

Práce se snaží reagovat na posun ve vnímání fungování veřejné správy. Tím je zejména přechod od nařizovací správy k chápání správy jako službě veřejnosti. Jednou z možností modernizace a zlepšení práce veřejné správy je aplikace metod managementu kvality. V práci se poukazuje na rozdílnost veřejné správy a celého veřejného sektoru oproti soukromému. Ze soukromé sféry jsou zdůrazněny metody, které mohou být aplikovatelné i ve veřejné správě. Větší část práce je pak věnována Modelu CAF (Common Assessment Framework), který byl speciálně navržen pro implementaci ve veřejném sektoru. Pro jeho snazší zavedení jsou uvedeny i upravené praktické příklady ze starších projektů.

Práce je zaměřena na metody zlepšování kvality ve veřejné správě. První část je věnována modelu CAF - jeho výkladu a zavádění především do místní veřejné správy. Druhá část je orientovaná na implementaci tohoto modelu hodnocení v Čechách a na území Evropy.

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-04-20T13:22:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CarolinedeAndradeBezerraTese2013.pdf: 3627255 bytes, checksum: 986d1d31944191fff8eaee68ee8ef653 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-04-20T13:22:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CarolinedeAndradeBezerraTese2013.pdf: 3627255 bytes, checksum: 986d1d31944191fff8eaee68ee8ef653 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-20T13:22:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarolinedeAndradeBezerraTese2013.pdf: 3627255 bytes, checksum: 986d1d31944191fff8eaee68ee8ef653 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-18 / Coffee is in international and Brazilian economical scenery as the second most important natural commodity. Despite that, coffee crops suffer great damage due to the coleopteran coffee borer (Hypothenemus hampei) attack leading to around US$ 500 million loss. In order to control the coffee borer, one strategy is the inhibition of the insect digestive enzyme ??-amylase by Phaseolus vulgaris amylase inhibitor 1 (??AI1). In this context, the research group of Plant-pest Molecular Interaction Laboratory developed GM coffee (Coffea arabica) plants expressing the P. vulgaris ??AI1 gene. This is a promising event to be used in coffee borer control by inhibiting starch insect digestion. However, releasing a GM crop for commercialization and human consumption is possible only after assessing food and environmental safety status, based on international and national procedures. This work is divided in two chapters. In the first chapter is presented the isolation of an amylase cDNA from H. hampei, designated AmyHha. The highest transcript levels of this amylase coincide with the feeding stages of insect, the second instar and adult stage. The Southern blot analysis showed the presence of only one copy of the AmyHha in the H. hampei genome. Finally, was carried out the construction of a structural model based on the AmyHha predicted protein sequence. In the second chapter, food safety of GM coffee crops expressing P. vulgaris ???-AI1 was evaluated. First, the evaluation of allergenic potential of GM coffee grains expressing ???-AI1 and the study of hemolytic effect and thermostability using coffee grains suggest absence of feeding risks concerning cytotoxic effects and inhibition of ???-AI1 after heat treatment. Otherwise, in vitro resistance to digestibility and in silico analysis suggest an allergenic risk of GM coffee grains due to ???-AI1 expression. Thus more investigation must be carried out in order to clarify allergenicity risks and in vivo consequences of this GM coffee grain consumption. / O caf?? destaca-se no cen??rio econ??mico nacional e internacional como a segunda maior ???commodity??? natural. No entanto, a cultura cafeeira apresenta grandes perdas monet??rias em torno de US$ 500 milh??es por ano devido ao ataque da broca-do-caf?? (Hypothenemus hampei). Uma estrat??gia para o controle do H. hampei ?? a inibi????o da enzima digestiva ???-amilase deste inseto pelo inibidor de ???-amilase 1 (???-AI1) de Phaseolus vulgaris. Assim, o grupo de pesquisa do Laborat??rio de Intera????o Molecular Planta-Praga desenvolveu plantas de caf?? Coffea arabica geneticamente modificadas (GM) expressando o gene para o ???-AI1 de P. vulgaris. Entretanto, a libera????o de plantas GM para comercializa????o e consumo humano s?? ?? poss??vel ap??s avalia????es de seguran??a alimentar e ambiental. Esta tese ?? dividida em dois cap??tulos. No primeiro cap??tulo ?? apresentado o isolamento de um cDNA de uma amilase de H. hampei ??? AmyHha. Os maiores n??veis de transcritos desta amilase coincide com as fases de alimenta????o do inseto, o segundo instar larval e a fase adulta. A an??lise por Southern blot demonstrou a presen??a de apenas uma c??pia de AmyHha no genoma do inseto, por fim realizou-se uma constru????o do modelo estrutural com base na sequencia proteica predita de AmyHha. No segundo cap??tulo que trata da avalia????o de seguran??a alimentar de plantas C. arabica GM expressando o inibidor de ???-AI1 de P. vulgaris, o estudo de efeito hemol??tico e termoestabilidade com os gr??os de caf?? GM sugerem a aus??ncia de risco alimentar quanto aos efeitos citot??xicos e inibi????o pelo ???-AI1 ap??s tratamento t??rmico. J?? a resist??ncia ?? digestibilidade in vitro e as an??lises in silico sugerem um potencial risco alerg??nico dos gr??os de caf?? GM devido ?? express??o do ???-AI1. Entretanto, mais investiga????es devem ser realizadas para maiores esclarecimentos quanto ao risco de alergenicidade dos gr??os de caf?? GM expressando ???-AI1 e as consequ??ncias de seu consumo in vivo.

Indonesia signed CEDAW 1980 and ratified it in 1984 making it one of the first countries in South East Asia to do so. Despite legislation and governmental efforts women are still discriminated against in areas such as access to education, resources and credit. Income generation and women´s empowerment have been recognized on an international level as important strategies to enhance gender equality and in the process of alleviating poverty. By using the method of the focus group interview this study examines the process of empowerment for a group of women who take part in an income generation program in South Lombok, organized by a local NGO which uses the CAF methodology of self funded communities. Using Jo Rowlands (1997) empowerment model to analyze the collected data the study identifies encouraging and inhibiting factors to the empowerment process and the changes the process have generated. The study finds that the income generation program provides an important motivation for the women to join and the women experience some empowering impacts due to access to resources. However, it is the educational aspects of the program as well as the social support system that the self-help groups provide that contain the most empowering elements.